scholarly journals Probabilistic Vulnerability Assessment of Transmission Lines Considering Cascading Failures

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1994
Author(s):  
Yanchen Liu ◽  
Minfang Peng ◽  
Xingle Gao ◽  
Haiyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Systems Research

The prevention of cascading failures and large-scale power outages of power grids by identifying weak links has become one of the key topics in power systems research. In this paper, a vulnerability radius index is proposed to identify the initial fault, and a fault chain model of cascading failure is developed with probabilistic attributes to identify the set of fault chains that have a significant impact on the safe and stable operation of power grids. On this basis, a method for evaluating the vulnerability of transmission lines based on a multi-criteria decision analysis is proposed, which can quickly identify critical transmission lines in the process of cascading failure. Finally, the proposed model and method for identifying vulnerable lines during the cascading failure process is demonstrated on the IEEE-118 bus system.

scholarly journals Network isolators inhibit failure spreading in complex networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Kaiser ◽  
Vito Latora ◽  
Dirk Witthaut
Keyword(s):  
Complex Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Transmission ◽  
Complete Collapse

AbstractIn our daily lives, we rely on the proper functioning of supply networks, from power grids to water transmission systems. A single failure in these critical infrastructures can lead to a complete collapse through a cascading failure mechanism. Counteracting strategies are thus heavily sought after. In this article, we introduce a general framework to analyse the spreading of failures in complex networks and demostrate that not only decreasing but also increasing the connectivity of the network can be an effective method to contain damages. We rigorously prove the existence of certain subgraphs, called network isolators, that can completely inhibit any failure spreading, and we show how to create such isolators in synthetic and real-world networks. The addition of selected links can thus prevent large scale outages as demonstrated for power transmission grids.

scholarly journals Interaction Graphs for Cascading Failure Analysis in Power Grids: A Survey

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upama Nakarmi ◽  
Mahshid Rahnamay Naeini ◽  
Md Jakir Hossain ◽  
Md Abul Hasnat
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Interaction Graphs ◽  
Complex Interactions

Understanding and analyzing cascading failures in power grids have been the focus of many researchers for years. However, the complex interactions among the large number of components in these systems and their contributions to cascading failures are not yet completely understood. Therefore, various techniques have been developed and used to model and analyze the underlying interactions among the components of the power grid with respect to cascading failures. Such methods are important to reveal the essential information that may not be readily available from power system physical models and topologies. In general, the influences and interactions among the components of the system may occur both locally and at distance due to the physics of electricity governing the power flow dynamics as well as other functional and cyber dependencies among the components of the system. To infer and capture such interactions, data-driven approaches or techniques based on the physics of electricity have been used to develop graph-based models of interactions among the components of the power grid. In this survey, various methods of developing interaction graphs as well as studies on the reliability and cascading failure analysis of power grids using these graphs have been reviewed.

Abnormal dynamics induced by congestion effect in cascading failures

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950001
Author(s):  
Dayong Wang ◽  
Guozhu Jia ◽  
Hengshan Zong ◽  
Wei He
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Congestion Effect ◽  
Scale Network ◽  
The Relationship

Robustness of infrastructure networks is essential for our modern society. Cascading failures are the cause of most large-scale network outages. We study the cascading failure of networks due to overload, using the betweenness centrality of an edge as the measure of its initial load. Taking into account the congestion effect of a slightly overloading edge, we define two capacities (the basic capacity and the removal capacity) of every edge and give three possible states (the free state, the congestion state, and the removal state) of every edge according to its current load. We propose a new method to dynamically adjust two capacities of the slightly overloading edge and study the dynamical features of cascading propagation induced by removing the edge with the highest load in two artificial networks, two traffic networks, and two power grids. We mainly focus on the relationship between the capacity parameters and two robust metrics. By simulations, we find two interesting and counterintuitive results, i.e. enhancing the basic capacity of every edge may weaken the network robustness, and fixing the basic capacity of every edge, simply improving the removal capacity of every edge sometimes makes the whole network more invulnerable. These findings show that investing more maintenance resources to alleviate flow congestion is not always better to avoid the cascading propagation, which is similar to Braess’s paradox in traffic networks.

scholarly journals Small vulnerable sets determine large network cascades in power grids

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 358 (6365) ◽  
pp. eaan3184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Takashi Nishikawa ◽  
Adilson E. Motter
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Grid Design ◽  
Large Scale Modeling ◽  
Multiple Conditions

The understanding of cascading failures in complex systems has been hindered by the lack of realistic large-scale modeling and analysis that can account for variable system conditions. Using the North American power grid, we identified, quantified, and analyzed the set of network components that are vulnerable to cascading failures under any out of multiple conditions. We show that the vulnerable set consists of a small but topologically central portion of the network and that large cascades are disproportionately more likely to be triggered by initial failures close to this set. These results elucidate aspects of the origins and causes of cascading failures relevant for grid design and operation and demonstrate vulnerability analysis methods that are applicable to a wider class of cascade-prone networks.

scholarly journals Electrical DebtRank Algorithm–Based Identification of Vulnerable Transmission Lines in Power Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Li ◽  
Yiwei Zeng ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Hai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Dual Model ◽  
Line Load ◽  
Definition Of

With the increase of complexity of the power system structure and operation mode, the risk of large-scale power outage accidents rises, which urgently need an accuracy algorithm for identifying vulnerabilities and mitigating risks. Aiming at this, the improved DebtRank (DR) algorithm is modified to adapt to the property of the power systems. The overloading state of the transmission lines plays a notable role of stable operation of the power systems. An electrical DR algorithm is proposed to incorporate the overloading state to the identification of vulnerable lines in the power systems in this article. First, a dual model of power system topology is established, the nodes of which represent the lines in the power systems. Then, besides the normal state and failure state having been considered, the definition of the overloading state is also added, and the line load and network topology are considered in the electrical DR algorithm to identify vulnerable lines. Finally, the correctness and reasonability of the vulnerable lines of the power systems identified by the electrical DR algorithm are proved by the comparative analysis of cascade failure simulation, showing its better advantages in vulnerability assessment of power systems.

Opportunities and Challenges of Wind Power Generation in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 850-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Han ◽  
Asifujiang Abudureyimu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Grid Connection

China's wind power market development is set to continue its growth trend of 2011. The newly added installed capacity will be in the range of 15-18GW and is expected to reach approximately 18GW. By 2015, the installed wind power capacity will reach 100GW. The percentage of decentralized wind power will further increase, but large-scale development and land-based wind power development will still be the focus, while the ratio of decentralized wind power has the potential to reach a maximum of 30%. As power grid corporations continue to improve their ultra-high voltage power transmission lines, intelligent power grids and other infrastructure, the power grids' ability to absorb wind power electricity on a largescale, and the scale of cross-region wind power transmission will increase, with the wind power grid-connection rate also significantly increase. The wind power manufacturing industry has entered a low-profit era; competition will intensify, the market will become more mature, and wind power manufacturers will face greater market challenges. However, the wind power industry's maturity and lowering costs have enhanced wind power's competitiveness compared to traditional energy sources. Wind power has become a highstrength emerging power supply technology and its contribution to China's electricity mix will gradually increase.

scholarly journals An Improved Method Based on Deep Learning for Insulator Fault Detection in Diverse Aerial Images

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4365
Author(s):  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Chuanyang Liu ◽  
Yiquan Wu ◽  
Huajie Xu ◽  
Zuo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Average Precision ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds

Insulators play a significant role in high-voltage transmission lines, and detecting insulator faults timely and accurately is important for the safe and stable operation of power grids. Since insulator faults are extremely small and the backgrounds of aerial images are complex, insulator fault detection is a challenging task for automatically inspecting transmission lines. In this paper, a method based on deep learning is proposed for insulator fault detection in diverse aerial images. Firstly, to provide sufficient insulator fault images for training, a novel insulator fault dataset named “InSF-detection” is constructed. Secondly, an improved YOLOv3 model is proposed to reuse features and prevent feature loss. To improve the accuracy of insulator fault detection, SPP-networks and a multi-scale prediction network are employed for the improved YOLOv3 model. Finally, the improved YOLOv3 model and the compared models are trained and tested on the “InSF-detection”. The average precision (AP) of the improved YOLOv3 model is superior to YOLOv3 and YOLOv3-dense models, and just a little (1.2%) lower than that of CSPD-YOLO model; more importantly, the memory usage of the improved YOLOv3 model is 225 MB, which is the smallest between the four compared models. The experimental results and analysis validate that the improved YOLOv3 model achieves good performance for insulator fault detection in aerial images with diverse backgrounds.

Overview of Subsynchronous Oscillation in Grid-connected Wind Farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-979
Author(s):  
Xu Pei-Zhen ◽  
Lu Yong-Geng ◽  
Cao Xi-Min
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Subsynchronous Oscillation ◽  
Different Types

Background: Over the past few years, the subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) caused by the grid-connected wind farm had a bad influence on the stable operation of the system and has now become a bottleneck factor restricting the efficient utilization of wind power. How to mitigate and suppress the phenomenon of SSO of wind farms has become the focus of power system research. Methods: This paper first analyzes the SSO of different types of wind turbines, including squirrelcage induction generator based wind turbine (SCIG-WT), permanent magnet synchronous generator- based wind turbine (PMSG-WT), and doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine (DFIG-WT). Then, the mechanisms of different types of SSO are proposed with the aim to better understand SSO in large-scale wind integrated power systems, and the main analytical methods suitable for studying the SSO of wind farms are summarized. Results: On the basis of results, using additional damping control suppression methods to solve SSO caused by the flexible power transmission devices and the wind turbine converter is recommended. Conclusion: The current development direction of the SSO of large-scale wind farm grid-connected systems is summarized and the current challenges and recommendations for future research and development are discussed.

A Bridge Too Far?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte P. Lee ◽  
Kjeld Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Supported Cooperative Work ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
Information Systems Research ◽  
Critical Investigation

The study of computing infrastructures has grown significantly due to the rapid proliferation and ubiquity of large-scale IT-based installations. At the same time, recognition has also grown of the usefulness of such studies as a means for understanding computing infrastructures as material complements of practical action. Subsequently the concept of “infrastructure” (or “information infrastructures,” “cyberinfrastructures,” and “infrastructuring”) has gained increasing importance in the area of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) as well as in neighboring areas such as Information Systems research (IS) and Science and Technology Studies (STS). However, as such studies have unfolded, the very concept of “infrastructure” is being applied in different discourses, for different purposes, in myriad different senses. Consequently, the concept of “infrastructure” has become increasingly muddled and needs clarification. The chapter presents a critical investigation of the vicissitudes of the concept of “infrastructure” over the last 35 years.

scholarly journals Asymmetry underlies stability in power grids

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Molnar ◽  
Takashi Nishikawa ◽  
Adilson E. Motter
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Symmetric State ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Additional Improvement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
General Method

AbstractBehavioral homogeneity is often critical for the functioning of network systems of interacting entities. In power grids, whose stable operation requires generator frequencies to be synchronized—and thus homogeneous—across the network, previous work suggests that the stability of synchronous states can be improved by making the generators homogeneous. Here, we show that a substantial additional improvement is possible by instead making the generators suitably heterogeneous. We develop a general method for attributing this counterintuitive effect to converse symmetry breaking, a recently established phenomenon in which the system must be asymmetric to maintain a stable symmetric state. These findings constitute the first demonstration of converse symmetry breaking in real-world systems, and our method promises to enable identification of this phenomenon in other networks whose functions rely on behavioral homogeneity.

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