scholarly journals Comparison of Empirical Models to Predict Viscosity of Secondary Vacuum Gas Oils

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Dicho S. Stratiev ◽  
Svetoslav Nenov ◽  
Ivelina K. Shishkova ◽  
Rosen K. Dinkov ◽  
Kamen Zlatanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Aromatic Content ◽  
Average Boiling Point ◽  
Viscosity Prediction ◽  
Oil Gas

This work presents characterization data and viscosity of 34 secondary vacuum gas oils (H-Oil gas oils, visbreaker gas oils, and fluid catalytic cracking slurry oils) with aromatic content reaching up to 100 wt.%. Inter-criteria analysis was employed to define the secondary VGO characteristic parameters which have an effect on viscosity. Seven published empirical models to predict viscosity of the secondary vacuum gas oils were examined for their prediction ability. The empirical model of Aboul-Seud and Moharam was found to have the lowest error of prediction. A modification of Aboul-Seoud and Moharam model by separating the power terms accounting for the effects of specific gravity and average boiling point improves the accuracy of viscosity prediction. It was discovered that the relation of slope of viscosity decrease with temperature enhancement for the secondary vacuum gas oil is not a constant. This slope increases with the average boiling point and the specific gravity augmentation, a fact that has not been discussed before.

E EVALUASI MUTU MINYAK BUMI DENGAN DISTILASI TRUE BOILING POINT (TBP) BERDASARKAN PARAMETER UJI SIFAT FISIKA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PRODUK KEROSIN DAN AVTUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Dian Kurnia Sari ◽  
Rian Ternando
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
Copper Strip

Minyak bumi dievaluasi guna menentukan potensi minyak bumi sebagai bahan baku kilang minyak untuk menghasilkan fraksi yang dikehendaki. Evaluasi yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian sifat umum minyak bumi, klasifikasi minyak bumi dengan distilasi True Boiling Point (TBP) wide cut (pemotongan jarak lebar) serta analisis fraksi kerosin. Fraksi kerosin yang dihasilkan dari primary process dapat diolah menjadi bahan bakar rumah tangga (minyak  tanah) dan bahan bakar lampu penerangan. Selain itu fraksi kerosin juga dapat dioalah menjadi bahan bakar untuk pesawat terbang jenis jet (avtur). Avtur adalah kerosin yang dengan  spesifikasi yang diperketat, terutama mengenai titik uap dan titik beku. Untuk melakukan pengolahan pada minyak bumi perlu diketahui karakteristik dan spesifikasi minyak  bumi (bahan baku) yang akan diolah untuk mengetahui mutu dan manfaat minyak bumi tersebut. Salah satu parameter uji analisis minyak bumi yaitu parameter sifat fisika. Dari data distilasi TBP diperoleh persentase fraksi kerosin Crude Oil 99 PT HS sebesar 29 % vol sedangkan Crude Oil 165 PT RT sebesar 23 % vol. Berdasarkan analisis sifat fisika yang meliputi Specific Gravity, Refractive Index nD20, Freezing Point, Smoke Point, Flash Point “Abel”, Aniline Point, Copper Strip Corrosion, Kinematic Viscosity dan Characterization KUOP. Crude Oil 99 dan Crude Oil 165 memiliki mutu yang baik serta memenuhi spesifikasi produk kerosin maupun produk avtur.

scholarly journals Different Nonlinear Regression Techniques and Sensitivity Analysis as Tools to Optimize Oil Viscosity Modeling

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Dicho Stratiev ◽  
Svetoslav Nenov ◽  
Dimitar Nedanovski ◽  
Ivelina Shishkova ◽  
Rosen Dinkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Comparable Accuracy ◽  
Relative Errors

Four nonlinear regression techniques were explored to model gas oil viscosity on the base of Walther’s empirical equation. With the initial database of 41 primary and secondary vacuum gas oils, four models were developed with a comparable accuracy of viscosity calculation. The Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion selected the least square relative errors (LSRE) model as the best one. The sensitivity analysis with respect to the given data also revealed that the LSRE model is the most stable one with the lowest values of standard deviations of derivatives. Verification of the gas oil viscosity prediction ability was carried out with another set of 43 gas oils showing remarkably better accuracy with the LSRE model. The LSRE was also found to predict better viscosity for the 43 test gas oils relative to the Aboul Seoud and Moharam model and the Kotzakoulakis and George.

On new compounds of carbon and hydrogen, and on certain other products obtained during the decomposition of oil by heat

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Solid Body ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Transparent Liquid ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Crystalline Mass

The experiments of which the results are detailed in this paper, were made principally on the fluid which is found to be deposited in considerable quantity when oil-gas is compressed. This fluid, as obtained at the works of the Portable Oil-gas Company, is colourless, of a specific gravity less than that of water; insoluble in water except in very minute quantities; soluble in alcohol, ether, oils, &c.; and combustible, burning with a dense flame. It is strikingly distinguished from the oil from which it originated, by not being acted upon to any extent by solutions of the alkalies. Part of this fluid is very volatile, causing the appearance of ebullition at temperatures of 50° or 60°; other parts are more fixed, requiring even 250°, or above, for ebullition. By repeated distillations a series of products were obtained from the most to the least volatile, the most abundant being such as occurred from 170° to 200°. On subjecting these, after numerous rectifications, to a low temperature, it was found that some of them concreted into a crystalline mass, and ultimately a substance was obtained from them, principally by pressure at low temperatures, which upon examination proved to be a new compound of carbon and hydrogen. At common temperatures it appears as a colourless transparent liquid, of specific gravity 0·85, at 60°; having the general odour of oil-gas. Below 42° it is a solid body, forming dendritical transparent crystals, and contracting much during its congelation. At 0° it appears as a white or transparent substance, brittle, pulverulent, and of the hardness nearly of loaf-sugar. It evaporates entirely in the air: when raised to 186° it boils, furnishing a vapour, which has a specific gravity of 40, compared to hydrogen as 1. At a higher temperature the vapour is decomposed, depositing carbon. The substance is combustible, liberating charcoal if oxygen be not abundantly present. Potassium exerts no action upon it below 186°.

scholarly journals A Classification Method for Transmission Line Icing Process Curve Based on Hierarchical K-Means Clustering

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4786
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Hao ◽  
Zhaohong Yao ◽  
Junke Wang ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Ruihai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Icing Prediction

Icing forecasting for transmission lines is of great significance for anti-icing strategies in power grids, but existing prediction models have some disadvantages such as application limitations, weak generalization, and lack of global prediction ability. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper suggests a new conception about a segmental icing prediction model for transmission lines in which the classification of icing process plays a crucial role. In order to obtain the classification, a hierarchical K-means clustering method is utilized and 11 characteristic parameters are proposed. Based on this method, 97 icing processes derived from the Icing Monitoring System in China Southern Power Grid are clustered into six categories according to their curve shape and the abstracted icing evolution curves are drawn based on the clustering centroid. Results show that the processes of ice events are probably different and the icing process can be considered as a combination of several segments and nodes, which reinforce the suggested conception of the segmental icing prediction model. Based on monitoring data and clustering, the obtained types of icing evolution are more comprehensive and specific, and the work lays the foundation for the model construction and contributes to other fields.

scholarly journals A New Global Total Electron Content Empirical Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandi Feng ◽  
Baomin Han ◽  
Zhenzhen Zhao ◽  
Zhengtao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Grid Model ◽  
Grid Points

Research on total electron content (TEC) empirical models is one of the important topics in the field of space weather services. Global TEC empirical models based on Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs) TEC data released by the International GNSS Service (IGS) have developed rapidly in recent years. However, the accuracy of such global empirical models has a crucial restriction arising from the non-uniform accuracy of IGS TEC data in the global scope. Specifically, IGS TEC data accuracy is higher on land and lower over the ocean due to the lack of stations in the latter. Using uneven precision GIMs TEC data as a whole for model fitting is unreasonable. Aiming at the limitation of global ionospheric TEC modelling, this paper proposes a new global ionospheric TEC empirical model named the TECM-GRID model. The model consists of 5183 sections, corresponding to 5183 grid points (longitude 5°, latitude 2.5°) of GIM. Two kinds of single point empirical TEC models, SSM-T1 and SSM-T2, are used for TECM-GRID. According to the locations of grid points, the SSM-T2 model is selected as the sub-model in the Mid-Latitude Summer Night Anomaly (MSNA) region, and SSM-T1 is selected as the sub-model in other regions. The fitting ability of the TECM-GRID model for modelling data was tested in accordance with root mean square (RMS) and relative RMS values. Then, the TECM-GRID model was validated and compared with the NTCM-GL model and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) GIMs at time points other than modelling time. Results show that TECM-GRID can effectively describe the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and the MSNA phenomena of the ionosphere, which puts it in good agreement with CODE GIMs and means that it has better prediction ability than the NTCM-GL model.

The Development and Technology Policy for a Gas Cap and Edge Water Reservoir with Narrow Oil Ring

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 500-505
Author(s):  
He Hua Wang ◽  
Ling Wu ◽  
Ting Ting Feng ◽  
Yuan Sheng Li ◽  
Jian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Oil Gas

Reservoir with gas cap, edge water is complex. And the oil-water and oil-gas interface will seriously influence the performance. Once out of control, gas and water invasion may occur, then oil productivity will fall sharply and oil recovery will become low. In addition, the oil penetrating into gas cap would lead to oil loss. So, the controlling methods are crucial. In this paper, we study the productive characteristics of a certain reservoir with gas cap, edge water and narrow oil ring. For the phenomenon several productive wells appeared gas breakthrough and water invasion after putting into production, this paper puts up a strategy shutting in high gas-oil ratio wells and blocking off gas breakthrough layers that proved effective. At the same time, adjusting oil and gas distribution underground by gas-water alternate also be proved practicable.

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