scholarly journals Saving Raw Materials for Cement Manufacture and Reusing an Untreated Waste from the Petrochemical Industry

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Sena da Fonseca ◽  
António Castela ◽  
Rui Neves ◽  
Raquel Duarte ◽  
Carlos Galhano ◽  
...  

This research addresses the replacement of cement by an untreated waste from the petrochemical industry. The effects of partial replacement of cement by spent fluid cracking catalyst (SFCC) on properties of mortar were determined. In this study, a series of mortar mixes was prepared with replacement ratios of 0%, 3%, 6%, and 12%. Furthermore, performance enhancing factors such as SFCC treatment or use of plasticizers were avoided. Workability, compressive strength, and durability related properties were assessed. An improvement regarding resistance to chloride penetration was observed, as well as that, when curing in salt water, the use of SFCC may be advantageous regarding compressive strength.

Author(s):  
Sophía Moncerrat Alvarado Mera ◽  
Andy Gabriel Vélez Soledispa ◽  
Wilter Enrique Ruiz Párraga ◽  
Eduardo Humberto Ortiz Hernández ◽  
César Mauricio Jarre Castro

  El hormigón obtenido a partir de vidrio finamente molido es una línea de investigación a nuevos materiales, basados en el ahorro del cemento y a su vez en la disminución del dióxido de carbono a la atmósfera para obtener un material constructivo más eficiente y sostenible. Con el propósito de buscar una solución para la fabricación de hormigones, la utilización del vidrio finamente molido como reemplazo parcial del cemento es una de las alternativas para integrarlo al proceso constructivo, cuyo objetivo es disminuir el empleo de materias primas no renovables, utilizando materiales reciclados con excelentes características de resistencia y durabilidad. En la presente investigación se estudió la resistencia a compresión del hormigón, usando vidrio finamente molido, sustituyéndolo en porcentajes del 5%, 10% y 15% en reemplazo parcial del cemento. Se elaboraron probetas de hormigón convencional y probetas de hormigón con adición de vidrio finamente molido, a cada probeta experimentada se le realizó el ensayo de resistencia a compresión del hormigón en un tiempo máximo de curado húmedo de 56 días. Se realizó la comparación entre el hormigón sin adición y el hormigón con porcentajes de vidrio finamente molido, llegando a la conclusión que el vidrio sustituido al 15% como reemplazo parcial del cemento disminuye su resistencia a compresión.   Palabras claves — vidrio finamente molido, resistencia a compresión, hormigón, adición, cemento.   Abstract  The concrete obtained from finely ground glass is a line of investigation to new materials, based on the saving of cement and in turn on the reduction of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere to obtain a more efficient and sustainable construction material. In order to find a solution for the manufacture of concrete, the use of finely ground glass as a partial replacement of cement is one of the alternatives to integrate it into the construction process, whose aim is to reduce the use of non-renewable raw materials, using recycled materials with excellent strength and durability characteristics. In this research, the compressive strength of concrete was studied, using finely ground glass, replacing it in percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% in partial replacement of cement. Conventional concrete test pieces and concrete test pieces with the addition of finely ground glass were produced and each tested test piece was tested for the compressive strength of the concrete within a maximum curing time of 56 days A comparison was made between aggregate concrete and concrete with finely ground glass percentages, concluding that glass replaced at 15% as a partial replacement for cement decreases its compressive strength.   Index Terms — finely ground glass, compressive strength, concrete, addition, cement.


Author(s):  
Divesh Sharma

In this review article, the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and the sisal fiber for improving the strength parameters of concrete is discussed in detail. Numerous research studies related to the usage of bitumen, sisal fiber and stone dust are studied in detail to determine the results and outcome out of it. Previous research works showed that all, these materials were enhancing the strength and durability aspects of the concrete and depending upon the research studies certain outcomes has been drawn which are as follows. The studies related to the usage of the bitumen or asphalt in concrete so as to produce bituminous concrete or asphaltic concrete, the previous research works conclude that the maximum strength was attained at 5 percent usage of the bitumen and after further usage the general compressive strength of the concrete starts declining. The previous studies related to the usage of the sisal fiber showed that with the usage of the sisal fiber in the concrete, the strength aspects of concrete were improving and the maximum strength was obtained at 1.5 percent usage of the sisal fiber and after his the strength starts declining. Further the studies related to the usage of the stone dust showed that with the usage of stone dust as partial replacement of the natural fine aggregate the compressive strength of the concrete was improving and it was conclude that with the increase in the percentage of the stone dust, the compressive strength of the concrete was increasing.


Author(s):  
Sravya Nalla ◽  
Janardhana Maganti ◽  
Dinakar Pasla

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a revolutionary development in concrete construction. The addition of mineral admixtures like metakaolin, which is a highly reactive pozzolana to the SCC mixes, gives it superior strength and durability. The present work is an effort to study the behavior of M50 grade SCC by partial replacement of Portland Slag Cement (PSC) with metakaolin. Its strength and durability aspects are comparable with a controlled concrete (without replacement of cement). In the present work, a new mix design methodology based on the efficiency of metakaolin is adopted. The optimum percentage replacement of cement with metakaolin is obtained based on compressive strength test results. The influence of metakaolin on the workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of SCC and its behavior when subjected to elevated temperature was investigated through evaluation against controlled concrete and non-destructive testing. From the test results, it was observed that incorporation of metakaolin at an optimum dosage satisfied all the fresh properties of SCC and improved both the strength and durability performance of SCC compared to controlled concrete.


2016 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Ahmed Mohamed ◽  
Waddah Al Hawat

Fly ash is a sustainable partial replacement of Portland cement that offers significant advantages in terms of fresh and hardened properties of concrete. This paper presents the findings of a study that aims at assessing the durability and strength properties of sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixes in which Portland cement was partially replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% fly ash. The study confirms that replacing Portland cement with fly ash at all of the percentages studied improves resistance of concrete to chloride penetration. The 40% fly ash mix exhibited the highest resistance to chloride penetration compared to the control mix. Despite the relative drop in compressive strength after 7 days of curing, the 28-day compressive strength of 40% SCC mix reached 55.75 MP, which is very close to the control mix. The study also confirms that adding 1%, 1.5%, and 2% basalt fibers, respectively, to the 40% fly ash mix improves the resistance to chloride penetration compared to the mix without basalt fibers.


2011 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Zhu ◽  
Qi Lei Guo ◽  
Dong Xu Li ◽  
Cun Jun Li

The Present Research Investigates the Compressive and Durable Properties of Concretes with Fly Ash (FA), a by-Product of Coal-Fired Power Plants. for this Purpose, a Reference Sample and Twenty-one Concretes Containing FA Were Tested. the FA Was Sieved to 200, 300, and 400 Mesh. then FA Was Mixed into Concrete with Different Content. Compressive Strength at 7 and 28 Days, and Chloride Penetration Properties Were Measured. it Is Concluded that FA Can Be Used in the Production of Concrete. in Addition, the FA Concretes Present Satisfactory Physical Properties. when Proper Amount of FA Were Added the Concrete Properties Can Be Better than the Blank one.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-627
Author(s):  
G. C. GUIGNONE ◽  
G. L. VIEIRA ◽  
R. ZULCÃO ◽  
M. K. DEGEN ◽  
S. H. M. MITTRI ◽  
...  

Abstract The incorporation of waste glass as a partial replacement for cement in concrete can provide an alternative destination for the waste, reduce the consumption of cement (minimizing CO2 emissions and consumption of natural resources), and improve the concrete performance. Thus, this research evaluated the performance of concrete incorporating waste glass sludge (GS), resulting from the process of stoning and polishing of soda-lime flat glass, as a supplementary cementing material. Mechanical strength and durability properties were assessed through compressive strength, alkali-silica reactivity, electrical resistivity and chloride permeability, diffusivity and migration tests. Mixtures containing metakaolin (ME) were also evaluated. The results indicated that the use of the waste ground to an adequate size can replace up to 20% of cement. At this content, it caused a reduction of chloride penetration of over 80%, reduced ASR and conserved compressive strength. The combination of waste with metakaolin replacing 20% of cement also improved all the concrete properties, increasing the compressive strength up to 12% at 28 days.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.18) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Raudhah Ahmadi ◽  
Mohd Syukry Saiful ◽  
Dzul Fahmi Zawawi ◽  
Shahrul Zaman Abdul Rahman ◽  
Idawati Ismail ◽  
...  

This paper investigates the effect of microfine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as cement replacement material for mitigation of chloride attack in concrete. The raw POFA obtained from a local palm oil mill is initially grinded using Los Angeles abrasion machine, and then sieved using 150 μm sieve before it is burned in a furnace at 500°C. The burned POFA is then grinded using electric powder grinder to obtain the targeted microfine size ranging between 1-10 μm. Treated microfine POFA is used in the production of concrete samples for experimental tests; compressive strength test, sorptivity test and chloride penetration test to determine its physical properties and the chloride resistance parameter for the mitigation of chloride attack in concrete. Results showed that 20% of microfine POFA replacement in concrete gives the highest compressive strength at 56th day and reduces the rate of absorption of water and chloride penetration.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliduwa Liyanage Chamini Surangi ◽  
Parnthep Julnipitawong ◽  
Somnuk Tangtermsirikul ◽  
Yoshifumi Ohgi ◽  
Yusuke Ishii

A shortage of natural fine aggregates has occurred worldwide, especially due to excessive consumption of them in construction activities. For this, the availability of sustainable alternative materials for natural fine aggregate is researched. Fly ash is identified as one such material that can partially replace fine aggregate in concrete. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of using fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete and its effects on the compressive strength and some significant durability properties when cured under different curing temperatures. Fine aggregate and cement were partially replaced with Class F fly ash in different percentages. The curing methods (used in this study) were isothermal heat curing at 30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC, and one-day accelerated heat curing. The compressive strength test, carbonation depth test, rapid chloride penetration test, and surface resistivity test were performed for concrete mixtures with different fly ash replacement levels and curing temperatures. Test results reveal that the use of fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete gives higher compressive strength than that of concrete with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material at both an early age and a later age. One-day accelerated curing is the most beneficial curing method, regarding the compressive strength at all the tested ages. Moreover, concrete with fine aggregate replacement gives better results for carbonation resistance, chloride penetration resistance, and surface resistivity when compared with the control mixture and mixtures with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 7647-7652
Author(s):  
A. W. Ali ◽  
N. M. Fawzi

Most of the recent works related to the construction industry in Iraq are focused on investigating the validity of local raw materials as alternatives to the imported materials necessary for some practical applications, especially in thermal and sound insulation. This investigation includes the use of limestone dust as partial substitution of cement in combination with foam agent and silica fume to produce sustainable Lightweight Foam Concrete (LWFC). This study consists of two stages. In the first stage, trial mixes were performed to find the optimum dosage of foam agent. Limestone dust was used as a partial replacement for cement. Chemical analysis and fineness showed great similarity with cement. Many concrete mixes were prepared with the content of lime dust powder being 10%, 14%, and 18% as partial replacement of cement by weight. The results indicate that the compressive strength at 7, 28, and 90 days of age was increased for specimens with 14% limestone dust. The best results in compressive strength show an increase at 7 days and a decrease at 28 and 90 days for concrete specimens with 14% limestone dust. In addition, the results show a decrease in dry density for concrete containing 14% lime dust. In the second stage, different percentages of Polypropylene Fibers were added to the concrete, all mixes, containing a constant content of limestone dust of 14% by weight of cement, were modified using different percentages of Polypropylene Fibers (1%, 1.5 %, and 2% by volume) and the best percentage was found to be 1%. The addition of Polypropylene Fibers enhances splitting tensile and flexural strength at 28 days by 14.55% and 55% respectively.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document