Distributed Scatterer InSAR Reveals Surface Motion of the Ancient Chaoshan Residence Cluster in the Lianjiang Plain, China

The Lianjiang Plain in China and ancient villages distributed within the plain are under the potential threat of surface motion change, but no effective monitoring strategy currently exists. Distributed Scatterer InSAR (DSInSAR) provides a new high-resolution method for the precise detection of surface motion change. In contrast to the first-generation of time-series InSAR methodology, the distributed scatterer-based method focuses both on pointwise targets with high phase stability and distributed targets with moderate coherence, the latter of which is more suitable for the comprehensive environment of the Lianjiang Plain. In this paper, we present the first study of surface motion change detection in the Lianjiang Plain, China. Two data stacks, including 54 and 29 images from Sentinel-1A adjacent orbits, are used to retrieve time-series surface motion changes for the Lianjiang Plain from 2015 to 2018. The consistency of measurement has been cross-validated between adjacent orbit results with a statistically significant determination coefficient of 0.92. The temporal evolution of representative measuring points indicates three subzones with varied surface patterns: Eastern Puning (Zone A) in a slight elastic rebound phase with a moderate deformation rate (0–40 mm/yr), Chaonan (Zone B) in a substantial subsidence phase with a strong deformation rate (−140–0 mm/yr), and Chaoyang (Zone C) in a homogeneous and stable situation (−10–10 mm/yr). The spatial distribution of these zones suggests a combined change dynamic and a strong concordance of factors impacting surface motion change. Human activities, especially groundwater exploitation, dominate the subsidence pattern, and natural conditions act as a supplementary inducement by providing a hazard-prone environment. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of spatial and temporal details in this study provides a basis for systematic surface motion monitoring, cultural heritage protection and groundwater resources management.

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Dynamics Characteristics of Groundwater Exploitation in Tianjin, P.R. China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2983 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 2983-2987

Author(s):

Zhi Qiang Wang ◽

Hua Li ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Lan Hua Wang

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Time Series Analysis ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Present Situation ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Rational Utilization ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Series Analysis ◽

Exploitation And Utilization ◽

Regional Groundwater

Regional groundwater exploitation is the foundation and basis for the groundwater resources administrative department to plan the rational utilization and protection of local groundwater resources. The dynamics characteristics and regularity of the local groundwater exploitation are studied in Tianjin from 1998 to 2009 by the methods of time-series analysis. The results show that it provides scientific basis for better understanding the present situation of groundwater exploitation objectively and planning the exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources reasonably.

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Sentinel-1 InSAR survey to constrain subsidence-induced surface faulting and quantify its induced risk in major cities of central Mexico

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15723 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Cigna ◽

Deodato Tapete

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Mexico City ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Urban Infrastructure ◽

Capital City ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Central Mexico ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Persistent Scatterers

Several major cities in central Mexico suffer from aquifer depletion and land subsidence driven by overexploitation of groundwater resources to address increasing water demands for domestic, industrial and agricultural use. Ground settlement often combines with surface faulting, fracturing and cracking, causing damage to urban infrastructure, including private properties and public buildings, as well as transport infrastructure and utility networks. These impacts are very common and induce significant economic loss, thus representing a key topic of concern for inhabitants, authorities and stakeholders. This work provides an Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) 2014-2020 survey based on parallel processing of Sentinel-1 IW big data stacks within ESA&#8217;s Geohazards Exploitation Platform (GEP), using hosted on-demand services based on multi-temporal InSAR methods including Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) and Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI). Surface faulting hazard is constrained based on differential settlement observations and the estimation of angular distortions that are produced on urban structures. The assessment of the E-W deformation field and computation of horizontal strain also allows the identification of hogging (tensile strain or extension) and sagging (compression) zones, where building cracks are more likely to develop at the highest and lowest elevations, respectively. Sentinel-1 observations agree with in-situ observations, static GPS surveying and continuous GNSS monitoring data. The distribution of field surveyed faults and fissures compared with maps of angular distortions and strain also enables the identification of areas with potentially yet-unmapped and incipient ground discontinuities. A methodology to embed such information into the process of surface faulting risk assessment for urban infrastructure is proposed and demonstrated for the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City [1], one of the fastest sinking cities globally (up to 40 cm/year subsidence rates), and the state of Aguascalientes [2], where a structurally-controlled fast subsidence process (over 10 cm/year rates) affects the namesake valley and capital city. The value of this research lies in the demonstration that InSAR data and their derived parameters are not only essential to constrain the deformation processes, but can also serve as a direct input into risk assessment to quantify (at least, as a lower bound) the percentage of properties and population at risk, and monitor how this percentage may change as land subsidence evolves.[1] Cigna F., Tapete D. 2021. Present-day land subsidence rates, surface faulting hazard and risk in Mexico City with 2014&#8211;2020 Sentinel-1 IW InSAR. Remote Sens. Environ. 253, 1-19, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112161[2] Cigna F., Tapete D. 2021. Satellite InSAR survey of structurally-controlled land subsidence due to groundwater exploitation in the Aguascalientes Valley, Mexico. Remote Sens. Environ. 254, 1-23, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112254

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Long term variations of the hydrochemical composition of deep thermal ground water in the Lower Bavarian Molasse Basin – Causes and Perspectives

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4127 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Annette Dietmaier ◽

Thomas Baumann

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Real Life ◽

Data Series ◽

Fluid Composition ◽

Molasse Basin ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Data Set ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Groundwater Aquifers

The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) commits EU member states to achieve a good qualitative and quantitative status of all their water bodies.&#160; WFD provides a list of actions to be taken to achieve the goal of good status.&#160; However, this list disregards the specific conditions under which deep (> 400 m b.g.l.) groundwater aquifers form and exist.&#160; In particular, deep groundwater fluid composition is influenced by interaction with the rock matrix and other geofluids, and may assume a bad status without anthropogenic influences. Thus, a new concept with directions of monitoring and modelling this specific kind of aquifers is needed. Their status evaluation must be based on the effects induced by their exploitation. Here, we analyze long-term real-life production data series to detect changes in the hydrochemical deep groundwater characteristics which might be triggered by balneological and geothermal exploitation. We aim to use these insights to design a set of criteria with which the status of deep groundwater aquifers can be quantitatively and qualitatively determined. Our analysis is based on a unique long-term hydrochemical data set, taken from 8 balneological and geothermal sites in the molasse basin of Lower Bavaria, Germany, and Upper Austria. It is focused on a predefined set of annual hydrochemical concentration values. The data range dates back to 1937. Our methods include developing threshold corridors, within which a good status can be assumed, and developing cluster analyses, correlation, and piper diagram analyses. We observed strong fluctuations in the hydrochemical characteristics of the molasse basin deep groundwater during the last decades. Special interest is put on fluctuations that seem to have a clear start and end date, and to be correlated with other exploitation activities in the region. For example, during the period between 1990 and 2020, bicarbonate and sodium values displayed a clear increase, followed by a distinct dip to below-average values and a subsequent return to average values at site F. During the same time, these values showed striking irregularities at site B. Furthermore, we observed fluctuations in several locations, which come close to disqualifying quality thresholds, commonly used in German balneology. Our preliminary results prove the importance of using long-term (multiple decades) time series analysis to better inform quality and quantity assessments for deep groundwater bodies: most fluctuations would stay undetected within a < 5 year time series window, but become a distinct irregularity when viewed in the context of multiple decades. In the next steps, a quality assessment matrix and threshold corridors will be developed, which take into account methods to identify these fluctuations. This will ultimately aid in assessing the sustainability of deep groundwater exploitation and reservoir management for balneological and geothermal uses.

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Investigation of correlation of the variations in land subsidence (detected by continuous GPS measurements) and methodological data in the surrounding areas of Lake Urmia

Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics ◽

10.5194/npg-19-675-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 675-683 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Moghtased-Azar ◽

A. Mirzaei ◽

H. R. Nankali ◽

F. Tavakoli

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Salt Lake ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Time Interval ◽

Gps Measurements ◽

Lake Urmia ◽

North West ◽

Continuous Gps

Abstract. Lake Urmia, a salt lake in the north-west of Iran, plays a valuable role in the environment, wildlife and economy of Iran and the region, but now faces great challenges for survival. The Lake is in immediate and great danger and is rapidly going to become barren desert. As a result, the increasing demands upon groundwater resources due to expanding metropolitan and agricultural areas are a serious challenge in the surrounding regions of Lake Urmia. The continuous GPS measurements around the lake illustrate significant subsidence rate between 2005 and 2009. The objective of this study was to detect and specify the non-linear correlation of land subsidence and temperature activities in the region from 2005 to 2009. For this purpose, the cross wavelet transform (XWT) was carried out between the two types of time series, namely vertical components of GPS measurements and daily temperature time series. The significant common patterns are illustrated in the high period bands from 180–218 days band (~6–7 months) from September 2007 to February 2009. Consequently, the satellite altimetry data confirmed that the maximum rate of linear trend of water variation in the lake from 2005 to 2009, is associated with time interval from September 2007 to February 2009. This event was detected by XWT as a critical interval to be holding the strong correlation between the land subsidence phenomena and surface temperature. Eventually the analysis can be used for modeling and prediction purposes and probably stave off the damage from subsidence phenomena.

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The Response of Groundwater Level to Climate Change and Human Activities in Baotou City, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w12041078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1078

Author(s):

Yingjie Cui ◽

Zilong Liao ◽

Yongfu Wei ◽

Xiaomin Xu ◽

Yifan Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Human Activities ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Reduction Rate ◽

Northern China ◽

Groundwater Depth ◽

Wavelet Coherence ◽

Confined Water ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Decrease Rate

The response mechanism of groundwater to climate change and human activities in cities within arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Urban Planning Area of Baotou City (UPABC), northern China, is a complicated problem to understand. We analyzed the climate change relationships, including precipitation and temperature, and analyzed changes in human activities, such as groundwater consumption, and then statistically analyzed the main factors affecting groundwater depth. Furthermore, cross-wavelet and wavelet coherence methods were used to analyze the response relationship and hysteresis of groundwater depth to precipitation to better understand the groundwater depth response law. The results showed that the annual precipitation in the UPABC reduction rate was 3.3 mm/10 yr, and the annual average temperature increase rate was 0.43 °C/10 yr, from 1981 to 2017. The unconfined water decrease rate was 0.50 m/yr, and the confined water decrease rate was 0.7 m/yr. The unconfined and confined water depths were affected by precipitation and groundwater exploitation, respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.58 and 0.57, respectively. The hysteresis of groundwater depth to precipitation was about 9–14 months. However, changes in groundwater depth, especially confined water depth, were greatly affected by groundwater exploitation. This reflected the imbalance in consumption and recharges in the UPABC, highlighting the long-term risk in areas relying on access to this resource. Therefore, arid inland zones of northern China, such as the UPABC, should pay more attention to the rational development of groundwater and strengthen the management and protection of groundwater resources.

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Land Subsidence and Ground Fissures in Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA): Evidence from Quasi-PS InSAR Analysis

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11121466 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1466 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mingliang Gao ◽

Huili Gong ◽

Xiaojuan Li ◽

Beibei Chen ◽

Chaofan Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Time Series Analysis ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Deformation Rate ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Integrated Analysis ◽

Ground Fissure ◽

Ground Fissures ◽

International Airport ◽

Series Analysis

Land subsidence is a global environmental geological hazard caused by natural or human activities. The high spatial resolution and continuous time coverage of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series analysis techniques provide data and a basis for the development of methods for the investigation and evolution mechanism study of regional land subsidence. Beijing, the capital city of China, has suffered from land subsidence for decades since it was first recorded in the 1950s. It was reported that uneven ground subsidence and fractures have seriously affected the normal operation of the Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) in recent years before the overhaul of the middle runway in April 2017. In this study, InSAR time series analysis was successfully used to detect the uneven local subsidence and ground fissure activity that has been gradually increasing in BCIA since 2010. A multi-temporal InSAR (MT-InSAR) technique was performed on 63 TerraSAR-X/TanDem-X (TSX/TDX) images acquired between 2010 and 2017, then deformation rate maps and time series for the airport area were generated. Comparisons of deformation rate and displacement time series from InSAR and ground-leveling were carried out in order to evaluate the accuracy of the InSAR-derived measurements. After an integrated analysis of the distribution characteristics of land subsidence, previous research results, and geological data was carried out, we found and located an active ground fissure. Then main cause of the ground fissures was preliminarily discussed. Finally, it can be conducted that InSAR technology can be used to identify and monitor geological processes, such as land subsidence and ground fissure activities, and can provide a scientific approach to better explore and study the cause and formation mechanism of regional subsidence and ground fissures.

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Simulation evaluation of groundwater resources in southeastern Bosten Lake based on GMS

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20197903020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 03020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qiang Shi ◽

Changhong Yan ◽

Peng Yu

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Resources ◽

Transitional Zone ◽

Pumping Test ◽

Bosten Lake ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

The North ◽

Agricultural Water Use ◽

Simulation Evaluation ◽

Yanqi Basin ◽

North And South

Bosten Lake is located in Yanqi Basin of Xinjiang. A working area in the southeast of China is influenced by the regulation of Bosten Lake, and the transitional zone of climate in the north and south of Xinjiang, forming a climate of large evaporation, dry and little rain, and groundwater is a very important fresh water resource. In order to find out the composition of groundwater resources in the working area, the groundwater steady flow model is established by using the data of borehole, well, pumping test and so on, and the groundwater resources in this area are evaluated. The groundwater exploitation mode in the simulated area is evaluated. The results show that: the exploitable groundwater resources in the simulated area is about 22.045 million m3/a. Changing the mode of agricultural water use under the existing groundwater equilibrium condition can effectively reduce the waste of groundwater resources.

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Prediction and Optimization of Groundwater Development in Beijing Plain

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.878 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 477-478 ◽

pp. 878-882

Author(s):

Hai Peng Guo ◽

Li Ya Wang ◽

Shan Shan Fan

Keyword(s):

Index System ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Groundwater Development ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Current Status ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Beijing Plain ◽

System A ◽

Development And Utilization

Groundwater plays an important role and accounts for two-thirds of the total water supply in Beijing plain. Overexploitation of groundwater has caused continuous decline in groundwater levels, land subsidence and other environmental and ecological problems. To analyze current status and predict future trends in groundwater resources, a 3D transient groundwater flow model was established and used to simulate various groundwater resources development schemes. With considering some facters such as groundwater exploitation, river outflow, groundwater levels and so on, an evaluation index system was constructed. Based on this index system a multi-object decision model was established for estimation of groundwater development schemes and proven to be very useful for scientific analysis of reasonable development and utilization of groundwater resources.

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DISPOSABLE GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF RIVER BASINS IN POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0009.4328 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Andrzej SADURSKI ◽

Elzbieta Przytuła

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Sustainable Management ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Groundwater Exploitation ◽

Ore Bodies ◽

Catchment Areas ◽

Management Plans ◽

Water Management Plans ◽

Modelling Techniques ◽

Analytical Approaches

The term groundwater resources was introduced to hydrogeology from economic geology similarly to the resources of ore bodies almost a hundred years ago. It has been used for the need of physical planning, investment in new water intakes, and water management. Discussion on the groundwater resources started in the past after implementation of new methods of their evaluation, e.g. analytical approaches, and physical and then numerical modelling techniques. The ecological aspects of water demand, indicated in the Water Framework Directive, oblige the EU countries to introduce a new idea for the estimation of groundwater resources. This idea is also presented in the water management plans for river catchment areas. Distribution of available groundwater resources in the country and comparison with the groundwater exploitation is the background of proper, sustainable management of its resources. Available groundwater resources of the country, understood as a total amount of disposable and prospective groundwater resources, is 36.4 million m3/day (as of December 31, 2015), including 21.4 million m3/day of disposable resources, and 15 million m3/day of estimated prospective resources.

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Identifying anthropogenic effects into Doñana aquifer (SW Spain) through hydrogram clustering of piezometric database

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7830 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Guardiola-Albert ◽

Nuria Naranjo-Fernández ◽

Héctor Aguilera ◽

Esperanza Montero-González

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Groundwater Level ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Data Series ◽

Time Series Clustering ◽

Missing Data Imputation ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Aquifer Systems ◽

Visual Clustering ◽

Selection Of

Nowadays, the application of time series clustering is increasing in hydrogeology works. Groundwater level long data series provides a useful record to identify different hydrological behaviors and to validate the conceptual model of groundwater flow in aquifer systems. Piezometers also register the response to any changes that directly affect the amount of available groundwater resources (recharge or exploitation).What are the expected variations of groundwater levels in an aquifer under high exploitation pressure? In this work, groundwater level time series from 160 piezometers in the hydrological years from 1975 to 2016 were analyzed. Especially, 24 piezometers are deeply studied. Data were preprocessed and transformed: selection of points, missing data imputation and data standardization. Visual clustering, k-means clustering and time series clustering were applied to classify groundwater level hydrographs using the available database. Six and seven groups of piezometers were identified to be associated with the different hydrofacies and extraction rates. Time series clustering was found to be the best method to analyze the studied piezometric database. Moreover, it was possible to characterize actual hydrodynamics, which will be useful for groundwater managers to make sustainable decisions.

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