Terminal++ for Robot Researcher Using C#

Purpose: Sometimes our robot researcher needs a terminal program to exchange the data with the robot or automation device. Nevertheless, the readily available terminal program lacks some functionality that is most relevant to the researcher. We feel that a featured rich terminal program can handle lots of communication overhead for the researcher and relieve them from repetitive and time-consuming tasks. In mind for this, we researched and developed a utility program. We added extra features like automatic send, change dynamic data, etc., so our robot researcher can test the system communication better. In this paper, we demonstrated the utility program in detail. It is built using C#, which is under the Microsoft dot net framework. The code is uploaded to GitHub. Anyone can download and use it. It can be customized for their need. All used classes are available in .cs format. Design/Methodology/Approach: This is the software utility program built by the dot net framework of Microsoft visual studio. It has a graphical user interface (GUI) and some object classes. It has a serial and ethernet interface to test the channel. Once the medium is selected, the application will send whatever is written in the input text box. The Data sending may be an automatic or manual process. In manual mode, after typing the command, we need to press the “Enter” key to send the data. In automatic mode, it will send automatically within the preset interval. The transmit and receive content is displayed inside the list box. Findings/results: sometimes, our project goes into a critical phase. We need to have good tools to overcome the situation immediately. This is a helpful tool to trace the communication-related issue. Using this tool, we can observe the outgoing and incoming data traffic. The robot researcher can use it for their communication-related debug purposes. Originality/Value: Using this terminal program, our robot researcher will get lots of benefits where readily available utility programs cannot provide them. It has some unique features like automatic sending, changing dynamic content, etc. It has a serial and ethernet interface channel so that most of the device communication can be debugged through this interface software. It is entirely free and open source. Anyone can download and use it for personal as well as commercial purposes. Paper Type: Experiment-based Research.

Draft 19.11.2021. The Role of Interpretation in Fostering the Psychotherapy Process: Evidence from a Single Case Study

The role of interpretation as a core intervention promoting good outcomes in psychotherapy is well acknowledged and established. Nevertheless, evidence of the role of interpretative interventions in promoting patients’ change dynamic is still lacking. The present work, a good outcome psychotherapy single case study, focuses on how different interpretative modalities support different patients’ intrapsychic dynamics implied in changing affective experience interpretation and clinical success. The grid of the models of interpretation (GMI) and the Discourse Attributes Analysis Program (DAAP) were applied to all therapy transcripts (N = 76 sessions) in order to detect, respectively, the interpretative models enacted by the therapist and patients’ intrapsychic processes subtending affects elaboration. Two different regression models tested the role of interpretative interventions in promoting specific processes supporting patients’ affective elaboration. A further regression model then highlighted a specific configuration in the clinical course in processes promoting affect elaboration. Results are discussed, offering cues for a clearer understanding of the role of the therapist’s interpretative interventions in promoting the clinical dynamics, thereby paving the way for the change process.

Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Toxicity of Pesticides towards Earthworms

This review examined one of the effects of climate change that has only recently received attention, i.e., climate change impacts on the distribution and toxicity of chemical contaminants in the environment. As ecosystem engineers, earthworms are potentially threatened by the increasing use of pesticides. Increases in temperature, precipitation regime changes, and related extreme climate events can potentially affect pesticide toxicity. This review of original research articles, reviews, and governmental and intergovernmental reports focused on the interactions between toxicants and environmental parameters. The latter included temperature, moisture, acidification, hypoxia, soil carbon cycle, and soil dynamics, as altered by climate change. Dynamic interactions between climate change and contaminants can be particularly problematic for organisms since organisms have an upper and lower physiological range, resulting in impacts on their acclimatization capacity. Climate change variables such as temperature and soil moisture also have an impact on acidification. An increase in temperature will impact precipitation which might impact soil pH. Also, an increase in precipitation can result in flooding which can reduce the population of earthworms by not giving juvenile earthworms enough time to develop into reproductive adults. As an independent stressor, hypoxia can affect soil organisms, alter bioavailability, and increase the toxicity of chemicals in some cases. Climate change variables, especially temperature and soil moisture, significantly affect the bioavailability of pesticides in the soil and the growth and reproduction of earthworm species.

Deregulation of cell cycle and related microRNA expression induced by vinyl chloride monomer in hepatocytes of rats

Vinyl chloride (VC) is a confirmed human carcinogen associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and angiosarcoma. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in liver cell cycle changes under VC exposure remains unclear, which prevents research on the mechanism of VC-induced carcinogenesis. In this study, male rats were injected intraperitoneally with VC (0, 5, 25, and 125 mg/kg body weight) for 6, 8, and 12 weeks. Cell cycle analysis of liver cells, miRNA-222, miRNA-199a, miRNA-195, and miRNA-125b expression in the liver and serum, and target protein expression were performed at different time points. The results showed a higher percentage of hepatocytes in the G1/G0 and S phases at the end of 6 and 12 weeks of VC exposure, respectively. MiRNA-222 expression decreased initially and then increased, whereas miRNA-199a, miRNA-195, and miRNA-125b expression increased initially and then decreased, which corresponded with changes in cell cycle distribution and related target proteins expression (p27, cyclinA, cyclinD1, and CDK6). The corresponding expression levels of miRNAs in serum did not change. Dynamic changes in miR-222, miR-199a, miR-195, and miR-125b induced by VC can lead to cell cycle deregulation by affecting cell cycle-related proteins, and these miRNAs can serve as early biomarkers for malignant transformation caused by VC.

Incorporating Color Change Propensity into Dredged Material Management to Increase Beneficial Use Opportunities

Dredged materials provide a number of beneficial use opportunities, including beach nourishment, habitat creation and restoration, and other activities. In situ sediment color is important for determining aesthetic and habitat suitability, for beach nourishment, and for other projects. However, dredged materials must meet locally established color compatibility requirements (for example, material cannot be too dark). Often, potential sediment sources are close to meeting specified color thresholds, and previous observations suggest that sediments lighten over time. In response to these observations, this study quantified sediment color change potential in a dredged m aterial management context. Results indicate that dredged material sediment color responded to changes in secondary color components, sediment mixing, and photolytic bleaching improving the sediment color for beneficial use application. Findings allowed for development of a conceptual color change capacity framework and supported development of tools for resource managers to incorporate color change dynamic into planning and operations activities.The following report provides a framework for determining the color change capacity of dredged materials using (1) a comprehensive laboratory approach and (2) a semiquantitative index based on source material and placement location conditions. These tools allow practitioners to incorporate dredged-material color change into resource management decisions, thus increasing beneficial use opportunities.

The M Waves Emitted by an Expanding Phase Boundary Create a “Lacuna”

The M waves introduced by Burridge and Willis (1969, “The Self-Similar Problem of the Expanding Crack in an Anisotropic Solid,” Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 66(2), pp. 443–468) are emitted by the surface of a self-similarly expanding elliptical crack, and they give Rayleigh waves at the corresponding crack speed. In the analysis for the self-similarly expanding spherical inclusion with phase change (dynamic Eshelby problem), the M waves are related to the waves obtained on the basis of the dynamic Green’s function containing the contribution from the latest wavelets emitted by the expanding boundary of phase discontinuity, and they satisfy the Hadamard jump conditions for compatibility and linear momentum across the moving phase boundary of discontinuity. In the interior of the expanding inclusion, they create a “lacuna” with zero particle velocity by canceling the effect of the P and S. It is shown that the “lacuna” and Eshelby properties are also valid for a Newtonian fluid undergoing phase change in a self-similarly expanding ellipsoidal region of a fluid with different viscosity.

‘Sex change in the New Zealand spotty wrasse (Notolabrus celidotus), a temperate model species’

Many studies of vertebrate sex change focus on subtropical and tropical teleosts. This study presents the protogynous New Zealand spotty wrasse, Notolabrus celidotus, as a temperate model. Captive fish were induced to change sex using either aromatase inhibition or manipulation of social groups. The endocrine and genetic cascade underlying this process was investigated using time-series sampling coupled with histological staging, sex steroid quantification and nanoString nCounter mRNA analysis. Seasonality affected sex ratios and sex steroid profiles; the likelihood of sex change increased when social manipulations were performed outside of the breeding season. Early-stage decreases in plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations or gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a) expression were not detected in spotty wrasse, despite these being associated with the onset of sex change in many protogynous hermaphrodites. Gonadal expression of 21 candidate genes was examined in relation to gonadal histology and sex steroid concentrations across sex change. When compared to other species, some genes previously implicated in sex determination and differentiation showed typical sex-specific gonadal expression patterns (foxl1, dmrt1, amh), while other critical male- and female-pathway genes exhibited unexpected patterns (cyp19a1a, rspo1, sox9a). Moreover, expression of the masculinising factor amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) increased during early sex change, implying a potential role as a proximate trigger for sex change. Dynamic expression of DNA methyltransferase genes suggested a key role of epigenetic regulation during the ovary-to-testis transformation in this species. Collectively, these data provide a foundation for the spotty wrasse as a new teleost model to study sex change and cell fate in vertebrates.