scholarly journals A Synergetic Approach for the Space-Based Sea Surface Currents Retrieval in the Mediterranean Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Ciani ◽  
Marie-Hélène Rio ◽  
Milena Menna ◽  
Rosalia Santoleri
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Sicily Channel

We present a method for the remote retrieval of the sea surface currents in the Mediterranean Sea. Combining the altimeter-derived currents with sea-surface temperature information, we created daily, gap-free high resolution maps of sea surface currents for the period 2012–2016. The quality of the new multi-sensor currents has been assessed through comparisons to other surface-currents estimates, as the ones obtained from drifting buoys trajectories (at the basin scale), or HF-Radar platforms and ocean numerical model outputs in the Malta–Sicily Channel. The study yielded that our synergetic approach can improve the present-day derivation of the surface currents in the Mediterranean area up to 30% locally, with better performances for the the meridional component of the motion and in the western section of the basin. The proposed reconstruction method also showed satisfying performances in the retrieval of the ageostrophic circulation in the Sicily Channel. In this area, assuming the High Frequency Radar-derived currents as reference, the merged multi-sensor currents exhibited improvements with respect to the altimeter estimates and numerical model outputs, mainly due to their enhanced spatial and temporal resolution.

Validation of HF radar sea surface currents in the Malta-Sicily Channel

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulvio Capodici ◽  
Simone Cosoli ◽  
Giuseppe Ciraolo ◽  
Carmelo Nasello ◽  
Antonino Maltese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hf Radar ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Sicily Channel

scholarly journals Sea Surface Currents Estimated from Spaceborne Infrared Images Validated against Reanalysis Data and Drifters in the Mediterranean Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Heuzé ◽  
Gisela Carvajal ◽  
Leif Eriksson ◽  
Monika Soja-Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Investigation of Hg Content by a Rapid Analytical Technique in Mediterranean Pelagic Fishes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppa Di Bella ◽  
Roberta Tardugno ◽  
Nicola Cicero
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Weekly Intake ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mercury (Hg) fish and seafood contamination is a global concern and needs worldwide sea investigations in order to protect consumers. The aim of this study was to investigate the Hg concentration by means of a rapid and simple analytical technique with direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80) in pelagic fish species, Tetrapturus belone (spearfish), Thunnus thynnus (tuna) and Xiphias gladius (swordfish) caught in the Mediterranean Sea. Hg contents were evaluated also in Salmo salar (salmon) as pelagic fish not belonging to the Mediterranean area. The results obtained were variable ranging between 0,015-2,562 mg kg-1 for T. thynnus specie, 0,477-3,182 mg kg-1 for X. gladius, 0,434-1,730 mg kg-1 for T. belone and 0,004-0,019 mg kg-1 for S. salar, respectively. The total Hg tolerable weekly intake (TWI) and % tolerable weekly intake (TWI%) values according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) were calculated. The results highlighted that the pelagic species caught in the Mediterranean Sea should be constantly monitored due to their high Hg contents as well as their TWI and TWI% with respect to S. salar samples.

Variation in biometry and population density of solitary corals with solar radiation and sea surface temperature in the Mediterranean Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Goffredo ◽  
Erik Caroselli ◽  
Elettra Pignotti ◽  
Guido Mattioli ◽  
Francesco Zaccanti
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals A high-resolution free-surface model of the Mediterranean Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tonani ◽  
N. Pinardi ◽  
S. Dobricic ◽  
I. Pujol ◽  
C. Fratianni
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Argo Data ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. This study describes a new model implementation for the Mediterranean Sea with what is currently the highest vertical resolution over the Mediterranean basin. The resolution is of 1/16°×1/16° in the horizontal and has 72 unevenly spaced vertical levels. This model has been developed in the frame of the EU-MFSTEP project and is the operational forecast model currently used at the basin scale. The model considers an implicit free surface and this characteristic enhances the model's capability to simulate the sea surface height variability and the net transport at the Strait of Gibraltar. In this study we show the calibration/validation experiments performed before and after the model was used for forecasting. The first experiment consists of a six-year simulation forced by a perpetual year forcing, and the other experiment is a simulation from January 1997 to December 2004, forcing the model with 6-h atmospheric forcing fields from ECMWF. The model Sea Level Anomaly has been compared for the first time with satellite SLA and with ARGO data to provide evidence of the quality of the simulation. The results show that this model is capable of reproducing most of the variability of the general circulation in the Mediterranean Sea. However, some basic model inadequacies stand out and should be corrected in the near future.

scholarly journals New Evidence of Mediterranean Climate Change and Variability from Sea Surface Temperature Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pisano ◽  
Salvatore Marullo ◽  
Vincenzo Artale ◽  
Federico Falcini ◽  
Chunxue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

Estimating long-term modifications of the sea surface temperature (SST) is crucial for evaluating the current state of the oceans and to correctly assess the impact of climate change at regional scales. In this work, we analyze SST variations within the Mediterranean Sea and the adjacent Northeastern Atlantic box (west of the Strait of Gibraltar) over the last 37 years, by using a satellite-based dataset from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). We found a mean warming trend of 0.041 ± 0.006 ∘ C/year over the whole Mediterranean Sea from 1982 to 2018. The trend has an uneven spatial pattern, with values increasing from 0.036 ± 0.006 ∘ C/year in the western basin to 0.048 ± 0.006 ∘ C/year in the Levantine–Aegean basin. The Northeastern Atlantic box and the Mediterranean show a similar trend until the late 1990s. Afterwards, the Mediterranean SST continues to increase, whereas the Northeastern Atlantic box shows no significant trend, until ~2015. The observed change in the Mediterranean Sea affects not only the mean trend but also the amplitude of the Mediterranean seasonal signal, with consistent relative increase and decrease of summer and winter mean values, respectively, over the period considered. The analysis of SST changes occurred during the “satellite era” is further complemented by reconstructions also based on direct in situ SST measurements, i.e., the Extended Reconstructed SST (ERSST) and the Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature dataset (HadISST), which go back to the 19th century. The analysis of these longer time series, covering the last 165 years, indicates that the increasing Mediterranean trend, observed during the CMEMS operational period, is consistent with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), as it closely follows the last increasing period of AMO. This coincidence occurs at least until 2007, when the apparent onset of the decreasing phase of AMO is not seen in the Mediterranean SST evolution.

scholarly journals Multi-Physics Ensemble versus Atmosphere–Ocean Coupled Model Simulations for a Tropical-Like Cyclone in the Mediterranean Sea

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ricchi ◽  
Mario Marcello Miglietta ◽  
Davide Bonaldo ◽  
Guido Cioni ◽  
Umberto Rizza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Ocean Modeling ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Regional Ocean Modeling System ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Physics Ensemble

Between 19 and 22 January 2014, a baroclinic wave moving eastward from the Atlantic Ocean generated a cut-off low over the Strait of Gibraltar and was responsible for the subsequent intensification of an extra-tropical cyclone. This system exhibited tropical-like features in the following stages of its life cycle and remained active for approximately 80 h, moving along the Mediterranean Sea from west to east, eventually reaching the Adriatic Sea. Two different modeling approaches, which are comparable in terms of computational cost, are analyzed here to represent the cyclone evolution. First, a multi-physics ensemble using different microphysics and turbulence parameterization schemes available in the WRF (weather research and forecasting) model is employed. Second, the COAWST (coupled ocean–atmosphere wave sediment transport modeling system) suite, including WRF as an atmospheric model, ROMS (regional ocean modeling system) as an ocean model, and SWAN (simulating waves in nearshore) as a wave model, is used. The advantage of using a coupled modeling system is evaluated taking into account air–sea interaction processes at growing levels of complexity. First, a high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) field, updated every 6 h, is used to force a WRF model stand-alone atmospheric simulation. Later, a two-way atmosphere–ocean coupled configuration is employed using COAWST, where SST is updated using consistent sea surface fluxes in the atmospheric and ocean models. Results show that a 1D ocean model is able to reproduce the evolution of the cyclone rather well, given a high-resolution initial SST field produced by ROMS after a long spin-up time. Additionally, coupled simulations reproduce more accurate (less intense) sea surface heat fluxes and a cyclone track and intensity, compared with a multi-physics ensemble of standalone atmospheric simulations.

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