scholarly journals Land Use versus Land Cover: Geo-Analysis of National Roads and Synchronisation Algorithms

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 3053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kocur-Bera ◽  
Agnieszka Dawidowicz
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
The Road ◽  
Web Map ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Right ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Map Service

Technological progress in Earth surface observation provides a vast range of information on the land and methods of its use. This enables property owners, users and administrators to monitor the state of the boundaries of the land they own/administer. The land cover, monitored directly on the ground, is not always consistent with the land use entered in the Land and Property Registry (LPR). Discrepancies between these data are often found in former communist countries. One of the reasons for this was the rapid process of land privatisation, which took place in Poland, without updating information on the plot geodetic boundaries. The study examined and compared the land use (entered in the LPR) with the land cover (on the ground) for national roads (acr. LU-LC). The most frequent discrepancies were selected, using CLC2018, digital orthophotomaps (using the Web Map Service (WMS) browsing service compliant with Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards), cadastral data, statistical modelling and an updated survey of the right-of-way. Subsequently, six algorithms were proposed to synchronise the land use and land cover when the right-of-way was used by unauthorised persons, and two algorithms for cases of unauthorised use of land by the road administrator. Currently, it is difficult to synchronise the land cover with the land use from the administrative, legal and social points of view. The results of analyses show that full synchronisation of land use and land cover is complicated and time-consuming, although desired.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Spatial Data to Determine the Extent of the Occupancy of the Right-of-Way by Large-Format Advertisements

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bieda ◽  
Anita Kwartnik-Pruc ◽  
Edyta Puniach
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Large Format ◽  
The Road ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
The Right ◽  
Real Estate Management

Abstract Large-format advertisements are becoming a more and more common element of building facades, especially in city centers. Placing an object of this type is not without significance to the real property management. A large-format advertising billboard on the facade, on the one hand, is associated with the possibility of renting advertising space, on the other - it can lead to the occupancy of a right-of-way, which results in a necessity to pay appropriate fees, in the amount regulated by the Act on Public Roads. Placing an object such as a large-format advertising billboard in a right-of-way requires a permit of the manager of this road. However, if a billboard is located on the facade of a building, occupancy of the right-of-way is not always the case. If the boundary of the road parcel runs along the contour of the building, a billboard placed on the elevation will always occupy the right-of-way. However, property boundaries often run at a distance from the building. Such situations - desired by managers - result in a noticeable increase in demand for surveying opinions to determine what part of the right-of-way is occupied by a large-format advertisement. This article analyzes the cases of the right-of-way being occupied by large-format advertising placed on the facades of buildings in the city center. For selected objects, information was obtained from public records, National Cartographic Documentation Center database, and direct surveying was performed with various techniques. This allowed for an objective assessment of the possible use of available surveying methods and the acquired spatial data to determine the right-of-way occupied by large-format advertisements for purposes of real estate management.

scholarly journals Evaluation of technical and economic effect from setup of distributed photovoltaic generation on the Right-of-Way land of the North Caucasus Railway

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 05004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibragim Asanov ◽  
Elizaveta Sharaborova ◽  
Egor Loktionov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
The North ◽  
The Right

In this work, we consider the concept of using a distributed solar power plant, setup on the right-of-way of the railroad. The proposed solution allows to shave peaks of electricity consumption without additional land alienation, using the existing power grids. The concept includes the setup of solar panels on the alienated land of the railroad. PV can be placed directly on the cross ties using damping elements, on the embankment slopes and on the right-of-way land. This solution allows minimizing the cost of solar panels installation along the railway tracks. The North Caucasus railway was considered to assess the gross, technical and economic potential of the proposed solution. The operational length of the railroad there is 6,472 km. The railway consists of large non-electrified sections, segments powered with 25 kV AC and 3 kV DC. The railroad is used not only for cargo transport, but also for long-distance and suburban passenger traffic. We have considered different scenarios for right-of-way land use rate and have shown that possible project costs could be reduced by ca. 25% by double land use only. This does not include shared electric grid infrastructure use that also should benefit considerably, but is hard to be estimated. While the potential nameplate capacity of such power plants within one region is 10s-100s of MW.

Drainage Network Alignment for Namakkal District By Using GIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.10) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
T Subramani ◽  
S Vinothkumar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Drainage Rate

Drainage specifies the groundwater conditions and assurance of speed and groundwater stream of a region. Arrangement of drainage as characteristic and technogenic segments on level of drainage basis. Alignment of sewers and water drains must has regular drainage pattern for maintain a strategic distance of surface obstacles. Arrangement of drains is a typical methodology consider elements like geography, land use, land cover and right of way will assume vital part. For the preparation of topographic data used advanced GIS techniques. The following results will obtained using GIS for Namakkal dist such as erosion network, density and depth of erosion network, as well as land surface sloping and further total evaluation as a drainage parameters. Also mentioned the valuable suggestions for better drainage management and drainage rate and disaster management at the time floods.  

scholarly journals Prediction of Land Use and Land Cover Changes for North Sumatra, Indonesia, Using an Artificial-Neural-Network-Based Cellular Automaton

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hadi Saputra ◽  
Han Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
North Sumatra

Land use and land cover (LULC) form a baseline thematic map for monitoring, resource management, and planning activities and facilitate the development of strategies to balance conservation, conflicting uses, and development pressures. In this study, changes in LULC in North Sumatra, Indonesia, are simulated and predicted using an artificial-neural-network-based cellular automaton (ANN-CA) model. Five criteria (altitude, slope, aspect, distance from the road, and soil type) are used as exploratory data in the learning process of the ANN-CA model to determine their impacts on LULC changes between 1990 and 2000; among the criteria, altitude and distance from the road have strong impacts. Comparison between the predicted and the real LULC maps for 2010 illustrates high agreement, with a Kappa index of 0.83 and a percentage of correctness of 87.28%. Then, the ANN-CA model is applied to predict LULC changes in 2050 and 2070. The LULC predictions for 2050 and 2070 demonstrate high increases in plantation area of more than 4%. Meanwhile, forest and crop area are projected to decrease by approximately 1.2% and 1.6%, respectively, by 2050. By 2070, forest and crop areas will decrease by 1.2% and 1.7%, respectively, indicating human influences on LULC changes from forest and cropland to plantations. This study illustrates that the simulation of LULC changes using the ANN-CA model can produce reliable predictions for future LULC.

Caste as Performance: Ayyankali and the Caste Scripts of Colonial Kerala

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Vivek V. Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Road ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Busy Street ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exclusive Right

The crowded marketplace in Thiruvananthapuram (aka Trivandrum) thronged with people in the late nineteenth century. Men and women clad in white mundu teemed about the busy street buying oil and salt, horseshoes and iron farm implements, coarse cloth, coir rope, jaggery, and palm toddy. The men were mostly bare-chested, though some, unmindful of the sweltering heat, wore white long shirts or an upper-body cloth. While a few young women wore printed blouses, many, particularly the older women, wore no upper-body clothes except for large, beaded necklaces made of red-colored stones. Most people, with the exception of the men who clothed their upper body, walked along the sides of the road, leaving the path clear for the occasional bullock cart. These bullock carts, also known as villuvandi, carried young men-about-town, almost exclusively landowning, upper-caste Nairs. Dressed in a spotless white shirt, white mundu, and matching white turban, the Nair riding his villuvandi assumed the haughty air of a master surveying his subjects; out to observe his inferiors as much as be seen as a superior. These Nairs, and other upper-caste men and women, had the exclusive right of way, on bullock cart or on foot, the right to wear clean white clothes, and, of course, the right to ride a villuvandi. These rights were codified through caste-based rules or norms known as jati maryada, which governed all aspects of social behavior.

scholarly journals Natural assets in the right-of-way of A-4 Motorway in the Góra Świętej Anny Landscape Park, Opole Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Spałek ◽  
Maria Mleczko-Król
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Interesting Species

Construction of the A-4 Motorway section in the Opole Region begun in Summer 1997. Very soon vigorous resistance of ecological NGOs was encountered. The bone of contention was the section of motorway that passes through the Góra Świętej Anny Landscape Park and verges the natural reserve of strict protection Ligota Dolna where rare species of thermophilic plants are sheltered. Between 2011 and 2013 a detailed mycological, geobotanical, floristic and fauna research took place within the right-of-way of the A-4 Motorway section crossing the Góra Świętej Anny Landscape Park in the Opole Region. The survey revealed several rare and protected species of fungi, plants and animals along the road, including the greatest in Poland population of Austrian flax Linum austriacum. The area also harbors the only site of xerothermic grass of Festuco-Brometea class with so many rare and putrefying plant species inside a motorway’s right-of-way in Poland. Given the occurrence of many interesting species of plants and animals in the motorway surrounding it seems justified to establish a system of ecological monitoring, which could provide a range of valuable findings regarding the impact of motorway traffic on surrounding flora and fauna. This knowledge would be very useful for all those involved in construction of next motorways in Poland as well as for a wide circle of interested researchers.

scholarly journals Predicting the Future Land Use and Land Cover Changes for Bhavani Basin, Tamil Nadu, India Using QGIS MOLUSCE Plugin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
manikandan kamaraj ◽  
Sathyanathan Rangarajan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Road ◽  
Land Cover Dynamics ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Perception Model

Abstract Human population growth, movement, and demand have a substantial impact on land use and land cover dynamics. Thematic maps of land use and land cover (LULC) serve as a reference for scrutinizing, source administration, and forecasting, making it easier to establish plans that balance preservation, competing uses, and growth compressions. The objective of this study is to identify the changeover of land-use changes in the Bhavani basin for the two periods 2005 and 2015, as well as to forecast and establish potential land-use changes in the year 2025 and 2030 by using QGIS 2.18.24 version MOLUSCE plugin (ANN-Multi layer perception) model.The five criteria, such as DEM, gradient, aspect, distance from the road and river, and built-up density, are used as spatial variable maps in the processes of learning in ANN-Multi layer perception to predict their influences on LULC between 2005 and 2010 and it was found that DEM, distance from the road and river, and built-up density have significant effects. The projected and accurate LULC maps for 2015 indicate a good level of accuracy, with an overall Kappa value of 0.69 and with a percentage of the correctness 76.28 %. ANN-Multi-layer perception model is then used to forecast changes in LULC for the years 2025 and 2030 which shows significant rise in cropland and built-up areas, by 20 km2 and 10 km2 respectively. The findings assist farmers and policymakers in developing optimal land use plans and better management techniques for the long-term development of natural resources.

scholarly journals Problems of legal regulation of the advertising billboards installation on the road easement areas

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
V. V. Vladimirov ◽  
D. V. Vasilyev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
State Regulator ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the legal problems of placing advertising structures in the right of way from the point of view of the state regulator. The conclusion is substantiated that the order of the Federal Road Agency dated October 24, 2016 No. 2192-r regarding the requirement to conclude an easement agreement for the installation of an advertising structure violates the current legislation of Russia on advertising. The position of the antimonopoly authorities on the issues of monitoring compliance with the legislation regarding the placement of advertising structures in the right of way of the road is formulated.

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