scholarly journals First Comparisons of Surface Temperature Estimations between ECOSTRESS, ASTER and Landsat 8 over Italian Volcanic and Geothermal Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malvina Silvestri ◽  
Vito Romaniello ◽  
Simon Hook ◽  
Massimo Musacchio ◽  
Sergio Teggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Surface Temperatures

The ECO System Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) is a new space mission developed by NASA-JPL which launched on July 2018. It includes a multispectral thermal infrared radiometer that measures the radiances in five spectral channels between 8 and 12 μm. The primary goal of the mission is to study how plants use water by measuring their temperature from the vantage point of the International Space Station. However, as ECOSTRESS retrieves the surface temperature, the data can be used to measure other heat-related phenomena, such as heat waves, volcanic eruptions, and fires. We have cross-compared the temperatures obtained by ECOSTRESS, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflectance radiometer (ASTER) and the Landsat 8 Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) in areas where thermal anomalies are present. The use of ECOSTRESS for temperature analysis as well as ASTER and Landsat 8 offers the possibility of expanding the availability of satellite thermal data with very high spatial and temporal resolutions. The Temperature and Emissivity Separation (TES) algorithm was used to retrieve surface temperatures from the ECOSTRESS and ASTER data, while the single-channel algorithm was used to retrieve surface temperatures from the Landsat 8 data. Atmospheric effects in the data were removed using the moderate resolution atmospheric transmission (MODTRAN) radiative transfer model driven with vertical atmospheric profiles collected by the University of Wyoming. The test sites used in this study are the active Italian volcanoes and the Parco delle Biancane geothermal area (Italy). In order to test and quantify the difference between the temperatures retrieved by the three spaceborne sensors, a set of coincident imagery was acquired and used for cross comparison. Preliminary statistical analyses show a very good agreement in terms of correlation and mean values among sensors over the test areas.

scholarly journals Surface Temperature Multiscale Monitoring by Thermal Infrared Satellite and Ground Images at Campi Flegrei Volcanic Area (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Caputo ◽  
Eliana Bellucci Sessa ◽  
Malvina Silvestri ◽  
Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno ◽  
Massimo Musacchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Thermal Anomalies ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Land Surface Temperature (LST) from satellite data is a key component in many aspects of environmental research. In volcanic areas, LST is used to detect ground thermal anomalies providing a supplementary tool to monitor the activity status of a particular volcano. In this work, we describe a procedure aimed at identifying spatial thermal anomalies in thermal infrared (TIR) satellite frames which are corrected for the seasonal influence by using TIR images from ground stations. The procedure was applied to the volcanic area of Campi Flegrei (Italy) using TIR ASTER and Landsat 8 satellite imagery and TIR ground images acquired from the Thermal Infrared volcanic surveillance Network (TIRNet) (INGV, Osservatorio Vesuviano). The continuous TIRNet time-series images were processed to evaluate the seasonal component which was used to correct the surface temperatures estimated by the satellite’s discrete data. The results showed a good correspondence between de-seasoned time series of surface ground temperatures and satellite temperatures. The seasonal correction of satellite surface temperatures allows monitoring of the surface thermal field to be extended to all the satellite frames, covering a wide portion of Campi Flegrei volcanic area.

scholarly journals Atmospheric effects of volcanic eruptions as seen by famous artists and depicted in their paintings

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5145-5172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Zerefos ◽  
V. T. Gerogiannis ◽  
D. Balis ◽  
S. C. Zerefos ◽  
A. Kazantzidis
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Time Period

Abstract. Paintings created by famous artists, representing sunsets throughout the period 1500–1900, provide proxy information on the aerosol optical depth following major volcanic eruptions. This is supported by a statistically significant correlation coefficient (0.8) between the measured red-to-green ratios of 327 paintings and the corresponding values of the dust veil index. A radiative transfer model was used to compile an independent time series of aerosol optical depth at 550 nm corresponding to Northern Hemisphere middle latitudes during the period 1500–1900. The estimated aerosol optical depths range from 0.05 for background aerosol conditions, to about 0.6 following the Tambora and Krakatau eruptions and cover a time period mostly outside of the instrumentation era.

scholarly journals Radiometric Variations of On-Orbit FORMOSAT-5 RSI from Vicarious and Cross-Calibration Measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang-Huang Lin ◽  
Jui-Chung Chang ◽  
Kuo-Hsien Hsu ◽  
Yun-Shan Lee ◽  
Sheng-Kai Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Calibration Coefficient ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Surface Reflectance ◽  
Cross Calibration

A new Taiwanese satellite, FORMOSAT-5 (FS-5), with a payload remote sensing instrument (RSI) was launched in August 2017 to continue the mission of its predecessor FORMOSAT-2 (FS-2). Similar to FS-2, the RSI provides 2-m resolution panchromatic and 4-m resolution multi-spectral images as the primary payload on FS-5. However, the radiometric properties of the optical sensor may vary, based on the environment and time after being launched into the space. Thus, maintaining the radiometric quality of FS-5 RSI imagery is essential and significant to scientific research and further applications. Therefore, the objective of this study aimed at the on-orbit absolute radiometric assessment and calibration of on-orbit FS-5 RSI observations. Two renowned approaches, vicarious calibrations and cross-calibrations, were conducted at two calibration sites that employ a stable atmosphere and high surface reflectance, namely, Alkali Lake and Railroad Valley Playa in North America. For cross-calibrations, the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (LS-8 OLI) was selected as the reference. A second simulation of the satellite signal in the solar spectrum (6S) radiative transfer model was performed to compute the surface reflectance, atmospheric effects, and path radiance for the radiometric intensity at the top of the atmosphere. Results of vicarious calibrations from 11 field experiments demonstrated high consistency with those of seven case examinations of cross-calibration in terms of physical gain in spectra, implying that the practicality of the proposed approaches is high. Moreover, the multi-temporal results illustrated that RSI decay in optical sensitivity was evident after launch. The variation in the calibration coefficient of each band showed no obvious consistency (6%–24%) in 2017, but it tended to be stable at the order of 3%–5% of variation in most spectral bands during 2018. The results strongly suggest that periodical calibration is required and essential for further scientific applications.

scholarly journals Atmospheric correction of thermal-infrared imagery of the 3-D urban environment acquired in oblique viewing geometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 5671-5703
Author(s):  
F. Meier ◽  
D. Scherer ◽  
J. Richters ◽  
A. Christen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Strong Surface ◽  
Thermal Infrared Imagery

Abstract. This research quantifies and discusses atmospheric effects that alter the radiance observed by a ground-based thermal-infrared (TIR) camera mounted on top of a high-rise building in the city of Berlin, Germany. The study shows that atmospheric correction of ground-based TIR imagery of the three-dimensional (3-D) urban environment acquired in oblique viewing geometry has to account for spatial variability of line-of-sight (LOS) geometry. We present an atmospheric correction procedure that uses these spatially distributed LOS geometry parameters, the radiative transfer model MODTRAN 5.2 and atmospheric profile data derived from meteorological measurements in the field of view (FOV) of the TIR camera. The magnitude of atmospheric effects varies during the analysed 24-hourly period (8 August 2009) and is particularly notable for surfaces showing a strong surface-to-air temperature difference. The differences between uncorrected and corrected TIR imagery reach up to 7.7 K at 12:00. Atmospheric effects are biased up to 4.3 K at 12:00 and up to 0.6 K at 24:00, if non-spatially distributed LOS parameters are used.

scholarly journals Atmospheric effects of volcanic eruptions as seen by famous artists and depicted in their paintings

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 4027-4042 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Zerefos ◽  
V. T. Gerogiannis ◽  
D. Balis ◽  
S. C. Zerefos ◽  
A. Kazantzidis
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Middle Latitudes

Abstract. Paintings created by famous artists, representing sunsets throughout the period 1500–1900, provide proxy information on the aerosol optical depth following major volcanic eruptions. This is supported by a statistically significant correlation coefficient (0.8) between the measured red-to-green ratios of a few hundred paintings and the dust veil index. A radiative transfer model was used to compile an independent time series of aerosol optical depth at 550 nm corresponding to Northern Hemisphere middle latitudes during the period 1500–1900. The estimated aerosol optical depths range from 0.05 for background aerosol conditions, to about 0.6 following the Tambora and Krakatau eruptions and cover a period practically outside of the instrumentation era.

scholarly journals Retrieving Land Surface Temperature from Satellite Imagery with a Novel Combined Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
María Sánchez-Aparicio ◽  
Paula Andrés-Anaya ◽  
Susana Del Pozo ◽  
Susana Lagüela
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Artificial Satellites ◽  
Computation Method ◽  
Landsat 8

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter for land cover analysis and for many fields of study, for example, in agriculture, due to its relationship with the state of the crop in the evaluation of natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions and geothermal areas, in desertification studies, or in the estimation of several variables of environmental interest such as evapotranspiration. The computation of LST from satellite imagery is possible due to the advances in thermal infrared technology and its implementation in artificial satellites. For example, Landsat 8 incorporates Operational Land Imager(OLI) and Thermal InfraRed Sensor(TIRS)sensors the images from which, in combination with data from other satellite platforms (such as Terra and Aqua) provide all the information needed for the computation of LST. Different methodologies have been developed for the computation of LST from satellite images, such as single-channel and split-window methodologies. In this paper, two existing single-channel methodologies are evaluated through their application to images from Landsat 8, with the aim at determining the optimal atmospheric conditions for their application, instead of searching for the best methodology for all cases. This evaluation results in the development of a new adaptive strategy for the computation of LST consisting of a conditional process that uses the environmental conditions to determine the most suitable computation method.

scholarly journals Atmospheric correction of thermal-infrared imagery of the 3-D urban environment acquired in oblique viewing geometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Meier ◽  
D. Scherer ◽  
J. Richters ◽  
A. Christen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Strong Surface ◽  
Thermal Infrared Imagery

Abstract. This research quantifies and discusses atmospheric effects, which alter the radiance observed by a ground-based thermal-infrared (TIR) camera. The TIR camera is mounted on a boom at a height of 125 m above ground on top of a high-rise building in the city of Berlin, Germany (52.4556° N, 13.3200° E) and observes the Earth's surface. The study shows that atmospheric correction of TIR imagery of the three-dimensional (3-D) urban environment acquired in oblique viewing geometry has to account for spatial variability of line-of-sight (LOS) geometry. We present an atmospheric correction procedure that uses these spatially distributed LOS geometry parameters, the radiative transfer model MODTRANTM5.2 and atmospheric profile data derived from meteorological measurements in the field of view (FOV) of the TIR camera. The magnitude of atmospheric effects varies during the analysed 24-hourly period (6 August 2009) and is particularly noticeable for surfaces showing a strong surface-to-air temperature difference. The differences between uncorrected and corrected TIR imagery reach up to 6.7 K at 12:00. The use of non-spatially distributed LOS parameters leads to errors of up to 3.7 K at 12:00 and up to 0.5 K at 24:00.

scholarly journals Potential of Hyperspectral Thermal Infrared Spaceborne Measurements to Retrieve Ice Cloud Physical Properties: Case Study of IASI and IASI-NG

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Lucie Leonarski ◽  
Laurent C.-Labonnote ◽  
Mathieu Compiègne ◽  
Jérôme Vidot ◽  
Anthony J. Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Water Path ◽  
Ice Cloud ◽  
Ice Water Path ◽  
Ice Water

The present study aims to quantify the potential of hyperspectral thermal infrared sounders such as the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the future IASI next generation (IASI-NG) for retrieving the ice cloud layer altitude and thickness together with the ice water path. We employed the radiative transfer model Radiative Transfer for TOVS (RTTOV) to simulate cloudy radiances using parameterized ice cloud optical properties. The radiances have been computed from an ice cloud profile database coming from global operational short-range forecasts at the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) which encloses the normal conditions, typical variability, and extremes of the atmospheric properties over one year (Eresmaa and McNally (2014)). We performed an information content analysis based on Shannon’s formalism to determine the amount and spectral distribution of the information about ice cloud properties. Based on this analysis, a retrieval algorithm has been developed and tested on the profile database. We considered the signal-to-noise ratio of each specific instrument and the non-retrieved atmospheric and surface parameter errors. This study brings evidence that the observing system provides information on the ice water path (IWP) as well as on the layer altitude and thickness with a convergence rate up to 95% and expected errors that decrease with cloud opacity until the signal saturation is reached (satisfying retrievals are achieved for clouds whose IWP is between about 1 and 300 g/m2).

scholarly journals Efficient radiative transfer model for thermal infrared brightness temperature simulation in cloudy atmospheres

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 25730
Author(s):  
Wenwen Li ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Yi-Ning Shi ◽  
Hironobu Iwabuchi ◽  
Mingwei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Brightness Temperature ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Infrared Brightness

scholarly journals Strato-mesospheric ClO observations by SMILES: error analysis and diurnal variation

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 4667-4710 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Sato ◽  
H. Sagawa ◽  
D. Kreyling ◽  
T. Manabe ◽  
S. Ochiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Submillimeter Wave ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Instrument Function ◽  
Key Species

Abstract. Chlorine monoxide (ClO) is the key species for anthropogenic ozone loss in the middle atmosphere. We observed the ClO diurnal variation using the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) on the International Space Station which has a non sun-synchronous orbit. This is the first global observation of the ClO diurnal variation from the stratosphere up to the mesosphere. The SMILES observation reproduced the diurnal variation of stratospheric ClO, an enhancement during a daytime, as observed by the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS/MLS). Mesospheric ClO has shown a different diurnal behavior with an enhancement during nighttime. The ClO enhancement was found at a pressure of 0.02 hPa (about 70 km) with an amplitude of about 100 pptv and reached up to 0.01 hPa (80 km) in the zonal mean of 50° N–65° N in January–February 2010. The observation of mesospheric ClO was possible due to the 10–20 times better signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra than those of past microwave/submillimeter-wave limb-emission sounders. We performed a quantitative error analysis for the strato- and mesospheric ClO of the Level-2 research (L2r) product version 2.1.5 taking into account all possible error contributions; i.e. errors due to spectrum noise, smoothing and uncertainties in the radiative transfer model and instrument function. The SMILES L2r v2.1.5 ClO data are useful over the range 0.01 and 100 hPa with a total error of 10–30 pptv (about 10%) with averaging of 100 profiles. The vertical resolution is 3–5 km and 5–8 km for the stratosphere and mesosphere, respectively. The performance of the SMILES observation opens the new opportunity to investigate ClO up to the mesopause.

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