scholarly journals Vegetation Phenology Influenced by Rapid Urbanization of The Yangtze Delta Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyong Ding ◽  
Luming Xu ◽  
Andrew J. Elmore ◽  
Yuli Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vegetation Phenology ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Land Surface Temperatures ◽  
Over Time

Impacts of urbanization and climate change on ecosystems are widely studied, but these drivers of change are often difficult to isolate from each other and interactions are complicated. Ecosystem responses to each of these drivers are perhaps most clearly seen in phenology changes due to global climate change (warming climate) and urbanization (heat island effect). The phenology of vegetation can influence many important ecological processes, including primary production, evapotranspiration, and plant fitness. Therefore, evaluating the interacting effects of urbanization and climate change on vegetation phenology has the potential to provide information about the long-term impact of global change. Using remotely sensed time series of vegetation on the Yangtze River Delta in China, this study evaluated the impacts of rapid urbanization and climate change on vegetation phenology along an urban to rural gradient over time. Phenology markers were extracted annually from an 18-year time series by fitting the asymmetric Gaussian function model. Thermal remote sensing acquired at daytime and nighttime was used to explore the relationship between land surface temperature and vegetation phenology. On average, the spring phenology marker was 9.6 days earlier and the autumn marker was 6.63 days later in urban areas compared with rural areas. The spring phenology of urban areas advanced and the autumn phenology delayed over time. Across space and time, warmer spring daytime and nighttime land surface temperatures were related to earlier spring, while autumn daytime and nighttime land surface temperatures were related to later autumn phenology. These results suggest that urbanization, through surface warming, compounds the effect of climate change on vegetation phenology.

The impact of built-up surfaces on land surface temperatures in Italian urban areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 551-552 ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Morabito ◽  
Alfonso Crisci ◽  
Alessandro Messeri ◽  
Simone Orlandini ◽  
Antonio Raschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Land Surface Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Effects of Historical Housing Policies on Resident Exposure to Intra-Urban Heat: A Study of 108 US Urban Areas

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Hoffman ◽  
Vivek Shandas ◽  
Nicholas Pendleton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Land Surface Temperatures ◽  
Urban Heat

The increasing intensity, duration, and frequency of heat waves due to human-caused climate change puts historically underserved populations in a heightened state of precarity, as studies observe that vulnerable communities—especially those within urban areas in the United States—are disproportionately exposed to extreme heat. Lacking, however, are insights into fundamental questions about the role of historical housing policies in cauterizing current exposure to climate inequities like intra-urban heat. Here, we explore the relationship between “redlining”, or the historical practice of refusing home loans or insurance to whole neighborhoods based on a racially motivated perception of safety for investment, with present-day summertime intra-urban land surface temperature anomalies. Through a spatial analysis of 108 urban areas in the United States, we ask two questions: (1) how do historically redlined neighborhoods relate to current patterns of intra-urban heat? and (2) do these patterns vary by US Census Bureau region? Our results reveal that 94% of studied areas display consistent city-scale patterns of elevated land surface temperatures in formerly redlined areas relative to their non-redlined neighbors by as much as 7 °C. Regionally, Southeast and Western cities display the greatest differences while Midwest cities display the least. Nationally, land surface temperatures in redlined areas are approximately 2.6 °C warmer than in non-redlined areas. While these trends are partly attributable to the relative preponderance of impervious land cover to tree canopy in these areas, which we also examine, other factors may also be driving these differences. This study reveals that historical housing policies may, in fact, be directly responsible for disproportionate exposure to current heat events.

Elevation-dependent warming of land surface temperatures in the Andes assessed using MODIS LST time series (2000–2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Aguilar-Lome ◽  
Raúl Espinoza-Villar ◽  
Jhan-Carlo Espinoza ◽  
Joel Rojas-Acuña ◽  
Bram Leo Willems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Land Surface Temperatures

scholarly journals Monitoring for Changes in Spring Phenology at Both Temporal and Spatial Scales Based on MODIS LST Data in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3282
Author(s):  
Chi Hong Lim ◽  
Song Hie Jung ◽  
A Reum Kim ◽  
Nam Shin Kim ◽  
Chang Seok Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Vegetation Phenology ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Mongolian Oak ◽  
Start Dates

This study aims to monitor spatiotemporal changes of spring phenology using the green-up start dates based on the accumulated growing degree days (AGDD) and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), which were deducted from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) data. The green-up start dates were extracted from the MODIS-derived AGDD and EVI for 30 Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch.) stands throughout South Korea. The relationship between green-up day of year needed to reach the AGDD threshold (DoYAGDD) and air temperature was closely maintained in data in both MODIS image interpretation and from 93 meteorological stations. Leaf green-up dates of Mongolian oak based on the AGDD threshold obtained from the records measured at five meteorological stations during the last century showed the same trend as the result of cherry observed visibly. Extrapolating the results, the spring onset of Mongolian oak and cherry has become earlier (14.5 ± 4.3 and 10.7 ± 3.6 days, respectively) with the rise of air temperature over the last century. The temperature in urban areas was consistently higher than that in the forest and the rural areas and the result was reflected on the vegetation phenology. Our study expanded the scale of the study on spring vegetation phenology spatiotemporally by combining satellite images with meteorological data. We expect our findings could be used to predict long-term changes in ecosystems due to climate change.

scholarly journals Urbanization Impacts on Vegetation Phenology in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Ren ◽  
Chunyang He ◽  
Qingxu Huang ◽  
Yuyu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Phenology ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization can affect the ecological processes, local climate and human health in urban areas by changing the vegetation phenology. In the past 20 years, China has experienced rapid urbanization. Thus, it is imperative to understand the impact of urbanization on vegetation phenology in China. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the impact of urbanization on vegetation phenology at the national and climate zone scales using remotely sensed data. We found that the start of the growing season (SOS) was advanced by approximately 2.4 days (P < 0.01), and the end of the growing season (EOS) was delayed by approximately 0.7 days (P < 0.01) in the urban areas compared to the rural areas. As a result, the growing season length (GSL) was extended by approximately 3.1 days (P < 0.01). The difference in the SOS and GSL between the urban and rural areas increased from 2001 to 2014, with an annual rate of 0.2 days (R2 = 0.39, P < 0.05) and 0.2 days (R2 = 0.31, P < 0.05), respectively. We also found that the impact of urbanization on vegetation phenology varied among different vegetation types at the national and climate zone levels (P < 0.05). The SOS was negatively correlated with land surface temperature (LST), with a correlation coefficient of −0.24 (P < 0.01), and EOS and GSL were positively correlated with LST, with correlation coefficients of 0.56 and 0.44 (P < 0.01), respectively. The improved understanding of the impact of urbanization on vegetation phenology from this study will be of great help for policy-makers in terms of developing relevant strategies to mitigate the negative environmental effects of urbanization in China.

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