scholarly journals Metrological and Critical Characterization of the Intel D415 Stereo Depth Camera

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Carfagni ◽  
Rocco Furferi ◽  
Lapo Governi ◽  
Chiara Santarelli ◽  
Michaela Servi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
New Device ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Machine Interaction

Low-cost RGB-D cameras are increasingly being used in several research fields, including human–machine interaction, safety, robotics, biomedical engineering and even reverse engineering applications. Among the plethora of commercial devices, the Intel RealSense cameras have proven to be among the most suitable devices, providing a good compromise between cost, ease of use, compactness and precision. Released on the market in January 2018, the new Intel model RealSense D415 has a wide acquisition range (i.e., ~160–10,000 mm) and a narrow field of view to capture objects in rapid motion. Given the unexplored potential of this new device, especially when used as a 3D scanner, the present work aims to characterize and to provide metrological considerations for the RealSense D415. In particular, tests are carried out to assess the device performance in the near range (i.e., 100–1000 mm). Characterization is performed by integrating the guidelines of the existing standard (i.e., the German VDI/VDE 2634 Part 2) with a number of literature-based strategies. Performance analysis is finally compared against the latest close-range sensors, thus providing a useful guidance for researchers and practitioners aiming to use RGB-D cameras in reverse engineering applications.

scholarly journals Metrological and Critical Characterization of the Intel D415 Stereo Depth Camera

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Carfagni ◽  
Rocco Furferi ◽  
Lapo Governi ◽  
Chiara Santarelli ◽  
Michaela Servi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
New Device ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Machine Interaction

Low-cost RGB-D cameras are increasingly used in several research fields including human-machine interaction, safety, robotics, biomedical engineering and even Reverse Engineering applications. Among the plethora of commercial devices, the Intel RealSense cameras proved to be among the best suitable devices, providing a good compromise between cost, ease of use, compactness and precision. Released on the market in January 2018, the new Intel model RealSense D415 has a wide acquisition range (i.e. ~160-10000 mm) and a narrow field of view to capture objects in rapid motion. Given the unexplored potential of this new device, especially when used as a 3D scanner, the present work aims to characterize and to provide metrological considerations on the RealSense D415. In particular, tests are carried out to assess the device performances in the near range (i.e. 100-1000 mm). Characterization is performed by integrating the guidelines of the existing standard (i.e. the German VDI/VDE 2634 part 2 normative) with a number of literature-based strategies. Performance analysis is finally compared against latest close-range sensors, thus providing a useful guidance for researchers and practitioners aiming to use RGB-D cameras in Reverse Engineering applications.

Removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution using Moringa oleifera seeds as a bioadsorbent

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1435-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago L. Marques ◽  
Vanessa N. Alves ◽  
Luciana M. Coelho ◽  
Nívia M. M. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Natural Adsorbents ◽  
Ph Range

Metal contaminants are generally removed from effluents by chemical and physical processes which are often associated with disadvantages such as the use of toxic reagents, generation of toxic waste and high costs. Hence, new techniques have been developed, among them the study of natural adsorbents, for instance, the use of Moringa oleifera seeds. The potential of M. oleifera seeds for nickel removal in aqueous systems was investigated. The seeds utilized were obtained from plants grown in Uberlândia/Brazil. After being dried and pulverized, the seeds were treated with 0.1 mol/L NaOH. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyses were used for the characterization of the material. Using the optimized methodology (50 mL of 4.0 mg/L Ni(II), pH range of 4.0–6.0, agitation time of 5 min and adsorption mass of 2.0 g) more than 90% of Ni(II) could be removed from water samples. The sorption data were fitted satisfactorily by the Langmuir adsorption model. Evaluation applying the Langmuir equation gave the monolayer sorption capacity as 29.6 mg/g. The results indicate that this material could be employed in the extraction of nickel, considering its ease of use, low cost and environmental viability, which make it highly attractive for application in developing countries.

The Use of the Terrestrial Photogrammetry in Reverse Engineering Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Naci Yastikli ◽  
Zehra Erisir ◽  
Pelin Altintas ◽  
Tugba Cak
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Ship Model ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Terrestrial Photogrammetry

The reverse engineering applications has gained great momentum in industrial production with developments in the fields of computer vision and computer-aided design (CAD). The reproduction of an existing product or a spare part, reproduction of an existing surface, elimination of the defect or improvement of the available product are the goals of industrial reverse engineering applications. The first and the most important step in reverse engineering applications is the generation of the three dimensional (3D) metric model of an existing product in computer environment. After this stage, many operations such as the preparation of molds for mass production, the performance testing, the comparison of the existing product with other products and prototypes which are available on the market are performed by using the generated 3D models. In reverse engineering applications, the laser scanner system or digital terrestrial photogrammetry methods, also called contactless method, are preferred for the generation of the 3D models. In particular, terrestrial photogrammetry has become a popular method since require only photographs for the 3-dimensional drawing, the generation of the dense point cloud using the image matching algorithms and the orthoimage generation as well as its low cost. In this paper, an industrial application of 3D information modelling is presented which concerns the measurement and 3D metric modelling of the ship model. The possible usage of terrestrial photogrammetry in reverse engineering application is investigated based on low cost photogrammetric system. The main aim was the generation of the dense point cloud and 3D line drawing of the ship model by using terrestrial photogrammetry, for the production of the ship in real size as a reverse engineering application. For this purpose, the images were recorded with digital SLR camera and orientations have been performed. Then 3D line drawing operations, point cloud and orthoimage generations have been accomplished by using PhotoModeler software. As a result of the proposed terrestrial photogrammetric steps, 0.5 mm spaced dense point cloud and orthoimage have been generated. The obtained results from experimental study were discussed and possible use of proposed methods was evaluated for reverse engineering application.

scholarly journals Soft Actuators and  Robotic Devices for Rehabilitation and Assistance           

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Pan ◽  
Chenggang Yuan ◽  
Xianrong Liang ◽  
Tianyun Dong ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
New Device ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Soft Actuators ◽  
Machine Interaction

Soft actuators and robotic devices have been increasingly applied to the field of rehabilitation and assistance, where safe human and machine interaction is of particular importance. Compared with their widely used rigid counterparts, soft actuators and robotic devices can provide a range of significant advantages; these include safe interaction, a range of complex motions, ease of fabrication and resilience to a variety of environments. In recent decades, significant effort has been invested in the development of soft rehabilitation and assistive devices for improving a range of medical treatments and quality of life. This review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in soft actuators and robotic devices for rehabilitation and assistance, in particular systems that achieve actuation by pneumatic and hydraulic fluid-power, electrical motors, chemical reactions and soft active materials such as dielectric elastomers, shape memory alloys, magnetoactive elastomers, liquid crystal elastomers and piezoelectric materials. Current research on soft rehabilitation and assistive devices is in its infancy, and new device designs and control strategies for improved performance and safe human-machine interaction are identified as particularly untapped areas of research. Finally, insights into future research directions are outlined. Corresponding author(s) Email:   [email protected], [email protected]

scholarly journals Low-Cost Test and Characterization Platform for Memristors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyle Jones
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Threshold Voltages ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
Software And Hardware

The electrical Testing and Characterization of the devices built under research conditions on silicon wafers, diced wafers, or package parts have hampered research since the beginning of integrated circuits. The challenges of performing electrical characterization on devices are to acquire useful and accurate data, the ease of use of the test platform, the portability of the test equipment, the ability to automate quickly, to allow modifications to the platform, the ability to change the configuration of the Device Under Test (DUT) or the Memristor Based Design (MBD), and to do this within budget. The devices that this research is focused on are memristors with unique test challenges. Some of the tests performed on memristors are Voltage sweeps, pulsing of Voltages, and threshold Voltages. Standard methods of testing memristors usually require hands-on experience, multiple bulky work stations, and hours of training. This work reports a novel, low-cost, portable test and characterization platform for many types of memristors with a voltage range from -10V to +10V, which is portable, low-cost, built with off-the-shelf components, and with configurability through software and hardware. To demonstrate the performance of the platform, the platform was able to take a virgin memristor from “forming” to operation voltages, and then incrementally change resistances by Voltage Pulsing. The platform within this work allows the researcher flexibility in electrical characterization by being able to accept many memristor types and MBDs, and applying environmental conditions to the MBD, with this flexibility of the platform the productivity of the researcher will increase.

Bio-inspired aircraft control

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Zikmund ◽  
Miroslav Macík ◽  
Petr Dvořák ◽  
Zdeněk Míkovec
Keyword(s):  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Aircraft Control ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Control System Architecture ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Small Aircraft

Purpose This paper aims to present a state-of-the-art review in various fields of interest, leading to a new concept of bio-inspired control of small aircraft. The main goal is to improve controllability and safety in flying at low speeds. Design/methodology/approach The review part of the paper gives an overview of artificial and natural flow sensors and haptic feedback actuators and applications. This background leads to a discussion part where the topics are synthesized and the trend in control of small aircraft is estimated. Findings The gap in recent aircraft control is identified in the pilot–aircraft interaction. A pilot’s sensory load is discussed and several recommendations for improved control system architecture are laid out in the paper. Practical implications The paper points out an opportunity for a following research of suggested bio-inspired aircraft control. The control is based on the artificial feeling of aerodynamic forces acting on a wing by means of haptic feedback. Originality/value The paper merges two research fields – aircraft control and human–machine interaction. This combination reveals new possibilities of aircraft control.

The Use of the Terrestrial Photogrammetry in Reverse Engineering Applications

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Naci Yastikli ◽  
Zehra Erisir ◽  
Pelin Altintas ◽  
Tugba Cak
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Ship Model ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Terrestrial Photogrammetry

The reverse engineering applications has gained great momentum in industrial production with developments in the fields of computer vision and computer-aided design (CAD). The reproduction of an existing product or a spare part, reproduction of an existing surface, elimination of the defect or improvement of the available product are the goals of industrial reverse engineering applications. The first and the most important step in reverse engineering applications is the generation of the three dimensional (3D) metric model of an existing product in computer environment. After this stage, many operations such as the preparation of molds for mass production, the performance testing, the comparison of the existing product with other products and prototypes which are available on the market are performed by using the generated 3D models. In reverse engineering applications, the laser scanner system or digital terrestrial photogrammetry methods, also called contactless method, are preferred for the generation of the 3D models. In particular, terrestrial photogrammetry has become a popular method since require only photographs for the 3-dimensional drawing, the generation of the dense point cloud using the image matching algorithms and the orthoimage generation as well as its low cost. In this paper, an industrial application of 3D information modelling is presented which concerns the measurement and 3D metric modelling of the ship model. The possible usage of terrestrial photogrammetry in reverse engineering application is investigated based on low cost photogrammetric system. The main aim was the generation of the dense point cloud and 3D line drawing of the ship model by using terrestrial photogrammetry, for the production of the ship in real size as a reverse engineering application. For this purpose, the images were recorded with digital SLR camera and orientations have been performed. Then 3D line drawing operations, point cloud and orthoimage generations have been accomplished by using PhotoModeler software. As a result of the proposed terrestrial photogrammetric steps, 0.5 mm spaced dense point cloud and orthoimage have been generated. The obtained results from experimental study were discussed and possible use of proposed methods was evaluated for reverse engineering application.

Development of Special Users' Energy Saving Potential New Intelligent Diagnosis Detector Based on DSP2812 Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 667-675
Author(s):  
Le Feng Cheng ◽  
Jian Fu Peng ◽  
Tao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Machine Interaction

In order to solve the problem that special users energy saving potential is unable to diagnose automotive online, a new automatic diagnosis of energy saving potential method based on online DSP was proposed. This proposed method, together with a variety of techniques like modern power electronics, digital signal processing, high precision and fast sampling, high capacity storage, human-machine interaction technologies and so on, was applied to develop a corresponding special users energy saving potential diagnosis detector. The hardware design and DSP energy saving analysis software design of the detector were described firstly, and the results of field test were presented to demonstrate its feasibility. It is shown that, its advantages include easy-to-use, low cost, highly reliable, strong intelligence and easy to promote, thus can effectively improve the efficiency of electrical energy audit and the degree of information and automation.

scholarly journals EMG Characterization and Processing in Production Engineering

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5815
Author(s):  
Manuel del Olmo ◽  
Rosario Domingo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Production Engineering ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Current Implementation ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Fatigue Monitoring ◽  
Machine Interaction

Electromyography (EMG) signals are biomedical signals that measure electrical currents generated during muscle contraction. These signals are strongly influenced by physiological and anatomical characteristics of the muscles and represent the neuromuscular activities of the human body. The evolution of EMG analysis and acquisition techniques makes this technology more reliable for production engineering applications, overcoming some of its inherent issues. Taking as an example, the fatigue monitoring of workers as well as enriched human–machine interaction (HMI) systems used in collaborative tasks are now possible with this technology. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the current implementation of EMG technology within production engineering, its weaknesses, opportunities, and synergies with other technologies, with the aim of developing more natural and efficient HMI systems that could improve the safety and productivity within production environments.

scholarly journals A Wheelchair Control System Using Human-Machine Interaction: Single-Modal and Multimodal Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed K. Shahin ◽  
Alaa Tharwat ◽  
Tarek Gaber ◽  
Aboul Ella Hassanien
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Head Gestures ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Wheelchair Control

Abstract Recent research studies showed that brain-controlled systems/devices are breakthrough technology. Such devices can provide disabled people with the power to control the movement of the wheelchair using different signals (e.g. EEG signals, head movements, and facial expressions). With this technology, disabled people can remotely steer a wheelchair, a computer, or a tablet. This paper introduces a simple, low-cost human-machine interface system to help chaired people to control their wheelchair using several control sources. To achieve this paper’s aim, a laptop was installed on a wheelchair in front of the sitting person, and the 14-electrode Emotiv EPOC headset was used to collect the person’s head impressions from the skull surface. The superficially picked-up signals, containing the brain thoughts, head gestures, and facial emotions, were electrically encoded and then wirelessly sent to a personal computer to be interpreted and then translated into useful control instructions. Using these signals, two wheelchair control modes were proposed: automatic (using single-modal and multimodal approaches) and manual control. The automatic mode controller was accomplished using a software controller (Arduino), whereas a simple hardware controller was used for the manual mode. The proposed solution was designed using wheelchair, Emotiv EPOC EEG headset, Arduino microcontroller, and Processing language. It was then tested by totally chaired volunteers under different levels of trajectories. The results showed that the person’s thoughts can be used to seamlessly control his/her wheelchair and the proposed system can be configured to suit many levels and degrees of disability.

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