scholarly journals Glucose Level Sensing Using Single Asymmetric Split Ring Resonator

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2945
Author(s):  
Gameel Saleh ◽  
Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq ◽  
Ibraheem Al-Naib
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Transmission Amplitude ◽  
Fitting Model

In this article, a biosensor composed of a single metamaterial asymmetric resonator is specifically designed for sensing the glucose level of 1 µL of solution. The resonator has two gaps, and one of them ends with a semicircle shape on which the glucose solution is placed. This design helps in confining the drops of glucose solutions in a specific area where the field is maximally confined in order to enhance the electromagnetic wave-matter interaction. Six samples of glucose solutions with concentrations that cover hypoglycemia, normal and hyperglycemia conditions that vary from around 41 to 312 mg/dL were prepared and examined by this biosensor. The resonance frequency redshift was used as a measure of the changes in the glucose level of the solutions. Without glucose solution, an excellent agreement between the measured and simulated transmission amplitude was observed. The increase in glucose concentrations exhibited clear and noticeable redshifts in the resonance frequency. This biosensor revealed a 0.9997 coefficient of determination, which implies an excellent prediction fitting model. More importantly, a sensitivity of 438 kHz/(mg/dL) was observed over the range of concentrations of the aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Efficient and Compact Near-Field Coupled Hybrid Antenna Using a Single Radiating Subwavelength Split-Ring Resonator

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Zinching Dang ◽  
Marco Rahm
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Angular Width ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Broadband Internet

Modern applications in the realms of wireless communication and mobile broadband Internet increase the demand for compact antennas with well defined directivity. Here, we present an approach for the design and implementation of hybrid antennas consisting of a classic feeding antenna that is near-field-coupled to a subwavelength resonator. In such a combined structure, the composite antenna always radiates at the resonance frequency of the subwavelength oscillator as well as at the resonance frequency of the feeding antenna. While the classic antenna serves as impedance-matched feeding element, the subwavelength resonator induces an additional resonance to the composite antenna. In general, these near-field coupled structures are known for decades and are lately published as near-field resonant parasitic antennas. We describe an antenna design consisting of a high-frequency electric dipole antenna at f d = 25 GHz that couples to a low-frequency subwavelength split-ring resonator, which emits electromagnetic waves at f SRR = 10.41 GHz. The radiating part of the antenna has a size of approximately 3.2 mm × 8 mm × 1 mm and thus is electrically small at this frequency with a product k · a = 0.5 . The input return loss of the antenna was moderate at − 18 dB and it radiated at a spectral bandwidth of 120 MHz. The measured main lobe of the antenna was observed at 60 ∘ with a − 3 dB angular width of 65 ∘ in the E-plane and at 130 ∘ with a − 3 dB angular width of 145 ∘ in the H-plane.

High Sensitive Electrical Metamaterial Sensor for Fuel Adulteration Detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishali Rawat ◽  
Vihang Nadkarni ◽  
S.N. Kale
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Transmission Resonance ◽  
Automobile Engine ◽  
Ism Band ◽  
Complementary Split Ring Resonator

Life of any automobile engine is largely dependent on the purity as well as the optimum ratios of their fuels, viz. petrol, diesel and ethanol. A device working on the electrical metamaterial concept, namely a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), operating at 2.47 GHz (ISM band), is proposed to detect kerosene adulteration in petrol. Kerosene was varied upto 30 per cent with minimum detection limit as low as 10 per cent. Systematic shifts in the transmission resonance frequency were observed. The sensing was fast and the recovery was instantaneous. The underlying concept of interference of electromagnetic radiation through the CSRR circuit and its further manipulation with the changes in the dielectric ambience is elaborated.

scholarly journals Analysis of an inverted square SRR via design of experiment (DoE) approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Ismail Yarici ◽  
Yavuz Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Electromagnetic Design ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Full Factorial

Abstract A design of experiment (DoE) study is presented based on an investigation of the influences of the chosen geometric parameters of an Inverted Square Split Ring Resonator on its resonance frequency. A statistical software was used to determine DoE steps and the values of chosen geometrical parameters for the experiments. The determined experiments were carried out by making simulations with electromagnetic design software. The resonator simulation outputs were analyzed by using normality tests and tools of the statistical software. By using these analyses, mainly a 2-level full factorial DoE approach, the effects of the geometrical parameters (input factors), and their interactions on the resonance frequency (response factor) were presented. In the light of our findings, this study proposes a promising path for microwave studies with several advantages such as being able to understand the dynamics of an optimized RF resonator device system, designing these kinds of devices with a few experiments, and increasing the time efficiency via reducing the number of attempts.

scholarly journals Split Ring Resonator-Based Bandstop Filter for Improving Isolation in Compact MIMO Antenna

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2256
Author(s):  
Hashinur Islam ◽  
Saumya Das ◽  
Tanweer Ali ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Sourav Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
High Isolation ◽  
At Resonance ◽  
Bandstop Filter

The ever-growing expectation for high data rates has led to the introduction of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies to wireless connectivity. Such a system requires an MIMO antenna with high isolation. At the same time, the MIMO dimension should not be compromised for achieving high isolation. Thus, isolation techniques that do not allow an increase in dimension need to be fostered for MIMO antenna design. In this paper, a novel low-profile, miniaturized MIMO antenna with high isolation was developed considering a split ring resonator (SRR)-based bandstop filter as a decoupling network. The bandstop filter was designed with a unit cell split ring resonator structure and was deployed between two closely spaced monopole MIMO antenna elements to obtain isolation as high as 39.25 dB at 2.61 GHz. Two open-circuit stub lines were attached with the MIMO feeding network to achieve good impedance matching at resonance frequency. The proposed antenna exhibited a peak gain of 3.8 dBi and radiation efficiency of 84%. It had a low envelop correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.12), high diversity gain (DG > 9.95 dB), low mean effective gain ratio (MEG 1/MEG 2 < 0.05 dB), and low channel capacity loss (CCL < 0.042 bits/s/Hz) at resonance frequency. The overall antenna dimension was restricted to 44 mm ×22 mm (0.38 λ0×0.19 λ0) for its easy integration in compact wireless devices.

Simulation on biomarker sensor miniaturization based on metamaterial

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1950135
Author(s):  
Ruitao Liu ◽  
Tianhong Cui
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Label Free Detection ◽  
Simulation Results

Cancer is always the greatest threat to human health. In this work, a split-ring resonator (SRR)-based sensor was simulated for label-free detection on biomarkers in microwave. The model of biosensor was simulated by Computer Simulation Technology 2017 (CST2017) and some influences of feature parameters on resonance frequency and Q-factor were also discussed. From the simulation results, the model of sensor in our work showed ultrahigh Q-factor and sensitivity under different permittivities and also exhibited a trend of better performance when it works in higher frequency. Therefore, the SRR-based biosensor will become an important application in cancer precaution and treatment in the future.

Split ring resonator inspired microstrip filtenna for Ku-band application

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya RANJAN MISHRA ◽  
K. L. SHEEJA ◽  
Nagendra P. PATHAK
Keyword(s):  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Ku Band
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