scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Morphology and Size Measurement of High-Temperature Metal Components Based on Machine Vision Technology: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4680
Author(s):  
Xin Wen ◽  
Jingpeng Wang ◽  
Guangyu Zhang ◽  
Lianqiang Niu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Metal Component ◽  
Contact Measurement ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Close Distance ◽  
Very High

The three-dimensional (3D) size and morphology of high-temperature metal components need to be measured in real time during manufacturing processes, such as forging and rolling. Since the surface temperature of a metal component is very high during the forming and manufacturing process, manually measuring the size of a metal component at a close distance is difficult; hence, a non-contact measurement technology is required to complete the measurement. Recently, machine vision technology has been developed, which is a non-contact measurement technology that only needs to capture multiple images of a measured object to obtain the 3D size and morphology information, and this technology can be used in some extreme conditions. Machine vision technology has been widely used in industrial, agricultural, military and other fields, especially fields involving various high-temperature metal components. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of machine vision technology in measuring the 3D size and morphology of high-temperature metal components. Furthermore, according to the principle and method of measuring equipment structures, this review highlights two aspects in detail: laser scanning measurement and multi-view stereo vision technology. Special attention is paid to each method through comparisons and analyses to provide essential technical references for subsequent researchers.

Dodecahedron- and Bowl-Shaped Structures C20

1992 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenék Slanina ◽  
Ludwik Adamowicz
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Region ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
High Temperature Region ◽  
Relative Stabilities ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Very High ◽  
Quantumchemical Method

ABSTRACTPurely carbonaceous aggregates C20 have been studied by the AM1 quantumchemical method. In addition to one dodecahedron-shaped structure possessing C1 symmetry another three-dimensional species is revealed, viz. a bowl-shaped structureof C5v symmetry (and also one two-dimensional and two one-dimensional species). Temperature dependence of the relative stabilities of both three-dimensional structures is evaluated, showing that in the relevant temperature region the fullerenic species is prevailing. However, in a very high temperature region a relative-stability interchange has been predicted.

scholarly journals HIGH-PRECISION ESTIMATES OF CRITICAL QUANTITIES BY MEANS OF IMPROVED HAMILTONIANS

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2009-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSIMO CAMPOSTRINI ◽  
PAOLO ROSSI ◽  
ETTORE VICARI ◽  
MARTIN HASENBUSCH ◽  
ANDREA PELISSETTO
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Critical Exponents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spin Models ◽  
Critical Equation ◽  
Universality Classes ◽  
Very High

Three-dimensional spin models of the Ising and XY universality classes are studied by a combination of high-temperature expansions and Monte Carlo simulations applied to improved Hamiltonians. The critical exponents and the critical equation of state are determined to very high precision.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional model of the Rzeczka object (the Riese Complex, Sowie Range) as an enhancement of the comprehensive geotourism potential of an underground tourist route

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 00015
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kądziołka ◽  
Damian Kasza ◽  
Wojciech J. Milczarek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Historic Areas ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The dynamic development of measurement technology based on the use of laser scanners allows for fast transfer of information, related to terrestrial data, to a virtual environment and enables the creation of three-dimensional models. Because of the growing demand for underground areas inventory, especially historic areas, the creation of 3D numerical models increases in popularity. It allows to increase the geotouristic potential of a particular area and to use solutions in support of the safety of tourists as well as the safety of area itself. The development of the terrestrial laser scanning technique is accompanied simultaneously by the development of means of digital data processing that was obtained in the form of point clouds. Those means use the commercial software as well as software available in the open source system. Both computing environments use algorithms enabling the processing of huge collections of points in automatized mode by using a number of open-access algorithms either freeware or dedicated. The methodology of numerical models development, described in this article, has been presented on the example of underground object “Rzeczka” (“Riese” Complex) located at the Sowie Range (SW Poland).

scholarly journals Suitability of Boulder Marl and Marsh Clay as Sealing Substrates for Landfill Capping Systems—A Practical Comparison

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Beck-Broichsitter ◽  
Horst Gerke ◽  
Rainer Horn
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Crack Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Proctor Test ◽  
Very High ◽  
Shrinkage Behavior

The effects of compaction on soil shrinkage behavior need to be considered for engineering long-term durable mineral liners of landfill capping systems. For this purpose, a new three-dimensional laser scanning device was coupled with a mathematical-empirical model to simultaneously determine the shrinkage behavior of a boulder marl (bm) and a marsh clay (mc). Therefore, both materials were precompacted in 200 soil cores (100 cm3) on the basis of the Proctor test results with five different degrees of compaction (bm1-bm5; mc1-mc5). Thus, the shrinkage behavior, intensity, and tendency were determined during a standardized drying experiment. The volume shrinkage index was used to describe the pore size dependent shrinkage tendency and was classified as high to very high (11.3–17.7%) for the marsh clay and medium (5.3–9.2%) for the boulder marl. Additionally, only the boulder marl (bm2), compacted up to 88% of Proctor density, could be installed as landfill bottom liner in drier locations if the local matric potentials did not exceed the previously highest observed drying range (i.e. values below −300 hPa), to avoid crack formation and generation.

scholarly journals Roadway Stability Evaluation on the Basis of Modern Monitoring of Displacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Majcherczyk ◽  
Zbigniew Niedbalski ◽  
Artur Ulaszek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Roadway Stability ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Cloud Of Points

Abstract The paper presents the application of a 3D laser measurement technology in a modern monitoring of roadways. The authors analyze the possibility of using a three-dimensional scanning measurement of longwall working dimensions. The measurement results are presented in the form of a cloud of points obtained from a 3D laser scanning. The paper also presents a comparison of the results obtained from the convergence of traditionally-made measurements with the measurements derived from the threedimensional scanning and discusses possible methods of comparing different point clouds.

The Research and Application of 3D Laser Scanning Measurement Technology in Forestry

2009 ◽  
Vol 419-420 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Li Fu Zhang ◽  
Huai Min Lu
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Laser Data

In order to measure forest inventory, we propose an approach that enables automatic, fast and accurate tree trunks segmentation from three-dimensional (3-D) laser data. Results have been demonstrated in real-time on-board a round mobile robot. At the same time, we propose an approach to estimate tree diameter at breast height (dbh) that was tested off-line on a variety of ground laser scanner data, so it is very suitable for being popularized in forestry section.

Instability of Three-Dimensional Structures in Ribosomal Cores Evidenced by Microcalorimetric Studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 410-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto Bonincontro ◽  
Stefania Cinelli ◽  
Giuseppe Onori ◽  
Gianfranco Risuleo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Temperature Peak ◽  
Thermal Transitions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Licl Treatment ◽  
Dimensional Domain ◽  
Very High

In this paper we show a microcalorimetric investigation carried out on the so-called cores, i. e. ribosomes deprived of select proteins by LiCl treatment. Thermal degradation of native ribosomes gives rise to two thermal transitions occurring at different temperatures. In the cores the high temperature peak persists even after treatment at very high ion strength (2 м LiCl). This strongly suggests the existence of a very stable structure that was previously observed also in particles treated with agents that hydrolyze the RNA moiety. The low temperature peak gradually but dramatically decreases even though it never disappears completely This indicates that the treatment to obtain ribosomal cores does not cause complete unfolding of the particle but only the destabilization of a structural three-dimensional domain present in native ribosomes. These data are discussed in the light of previous results obtained by dielectric spectroscopy and microcalorimetric studies on ribosomal particles.

scholarly journals Application of 3D laser scanning technology in engineering field

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 04014
Author(s):  
Chang’an Hu ◽  
Linghui Kong ◽  
Fei Lv
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Single Point ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Contact Measurement

With the continuous progress of computer and laser measurement technology, non-contact measurement based on laser scanning technology has been more and more applied in the industrial production process. Since the 1990s, 3D laser scanning technology used as a new technology has been developed rapidly. The 3D laser scanning technology, also known as High Definition Surveying (HDS), was based on the principle of laser ranging. The technology on the surface of a measured object can record some features of large dense points, including 3d coordinates, reflectance and texture information, so as to rapidly reconstruct 3D models of a measured target and various map data such as the line, the surface and the body. Meanwhile, it is a revolutionary leap that the technology improves the traditional single point measurement to the surface measurement, and realizes the digital reconstruction of the objects. Especially, for some conditions such as contact measurement and complex component detection that cannot be measured, 3D laser scanning technology has a natural advantage in the field of industrial design and measurement .

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