scholarly journals Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Discrimination Using a Macromolecular Sensor in Water at Neutral pH

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6384
Author(s):  
Yifei Xu ◽  
Marco Bonizzoni
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
World Market ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotics ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Penicillins and cephalosporins belong to the β-lactam antibiotic family, which accounts for more than half of the world market for antibiotics. Misuse of antibiotics harms human health and the environment. Here, we describe an easy, fast, and sensitive optical method for the sensing and discrimination of two penicillin and five cephalosporin antibiotics in buffered water at pH 7.4, using fifth-generation poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and calcein, a commercially available macromolecular polyelectrolyte and a fluorescent dye, respectively. In aqueous solution at pH 7.4, the dendrimer and dye self-assemble to form a sensor that interacts with carboxylate-containing antibiotics through electrostatic interaction, monitored through changes in the dye’s spectroscopic properties. This response was captured through absorbance, fluorescence emission, and fluorescence anisotropy. The resulting data set was processed through linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a common pattern-base recognition method, for the differentiation of cephalosporins and penicillins. By pre-hydrolysis of the β-lactam rings under basic conditions, we were able to increase the charge density of the analytes, allowing us to discriminate the seven analytes at a concentration of 5 mM, with a limit of discrimination of 1 mM.

scholarly journals Recycling Oxacillin Residues from Environmental Waste into Graphene Quantum Dots

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soriano ◽  
Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ir And Raman

Of great concern are the residual antibiotics from dirt that can be found in farm soil and wastewater. This kind of emerging pollutant into engineered nanomaterials is riveting. This work proposes the elimination and transformation of a beta-lactam antibiotic, oxacillin, from environmental waste to graphene quantum dots (GQDs). Two protocols were followed in which the use of ethylenediamine (EDA) in the transformation leads to GQDs with excellent optical properties. Therefore, two types of GQDs were synthesized in a Teflon-lined stainless autoclave by a thermal procedure using oxacillin in the absence and presence of EDA. The ensuing e-GQDs from oxacillin and EDA display a stronger fluorescence emission in comparison to those synthesized without EDA (o-GQDs). The combination of Kaiser test analyses, infrared (IR) and Raman measurements revealed the presence of oxygen-containing groups and primary amines at the edges of the graphitic nanolayer for e-GQDs. This straightforward strategy brings hope and opens a new interest in waste recycling by means of extracting residual contaminants from the environment for their further transformation into adequate non-toxic graphitic nanomaterials with potential applications.

scholarly journals The time course of hydrolysis of a β-lactam antibiotic by intact gram-negative bacteria possessing a periplasmic β-lactamase

1987 ◽  
Vol 244 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
W W Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Decay Constant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Periplasmic Space ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
First Order ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An equation is derived from first principles for describing the change in concentration with time of a beta-lactam antibiotic in the presence of intact Gram-negative bacteria possessing a beta-lactamase located in the periplasmic space. The equation predicts a first-order decline in beta-lactam concentration of the form [S] = [Si]e lambda t, where [S] is the exogenous concentration of beta-lactam, [Si] is the value of [S] at time zero, t is the time from mixing of cells and antibiotic and lambda (less than 0) is the decay constant. The value of lambda is exactly described by the theory in terms of experimentally measurable quantities. Quantitative data concerning cephaloridine hydrolysis by intact cells of Haemophilus influenzae agreed well with the theory, as did data concerning the uptake of 2-nitrophenyl galactoside by intact cells of Escherichia coli. Cephalosporin C hydrolysis by intact cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa did not progress as predicted by the theory. The theory is applicable to any substrate which is acted on by an enzyme that is located solely in the periplasmic space and that obeys the Michaelis-Menten equation of enzyme kinetics.

scholarly journals Development of TLC Chromatographic-Densitometric Procedure for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ceftobiprole

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Żaneta Binert-Kusztal ◽  
Małgorzata Starek ◽  
Joanna Żandarek ◽  
Monika Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Lipophilicity Parameter ◽  
Alkaline Environments ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotics ◽  
The Stability

Currently, there is still a need for broad-spectrum antibiotics. The new cephalosporin antibiotics include, among others, ceftobiprole, a fifth-generation gram-positive cephalosporin, active against Staphylococcus aureus methicillin agonist (MRSA). The main focus of the work was to optimize the conditions of ceftobiprole qualitative determination and to validate the developed procedure according to ICH guidelines. As a result of the optimization process, HPTLC Cellulose chromatographic plates as a stationary phase and a mixture consisting of ethanol:2-propanol: glacial acetic acid: water (4:4:1:3, v/v/v/v) as a mobile phase were chosen. The densitometric detection was carried out at maximum absorbance of ceftobiprole (λ = 232 nm). Next, the validation process of the developed procedure was carried out. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for precision was less than 1.65%, which proves the high compatibility of the results, as well as the LOD = 0.0257 µg/spot and LOQ = 0.0779 µg/spot values, which also confirm the high sensitivity of the procedure. The usefulness of the developed method for the stability studies of ceftobiprole was analyzed. Study was carried out under stress conditions, i.e., acid and alkaline environments, exposure to radiation imitating sunlight and high temperature (40–60 °C). It was found that cefotbiprole is unstable in an alkaline environment and during exposure to UV-VIS radiation. Moreover, the lipophilicity parameter, as a main physicochemical property of the biologically active compound, was determined using experimental and computational methods.

scholarly journals Application of portrait recognition system for emergency evacuation in mass emergencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 893-902
Author(s):  
Ke Xu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Adaboost Algorithm

Abstract A portrait recognition system can play an important role in emergency evacuation in mass emergencies. This paper designed a portrait recognition system, analyzed the overall structure of the system and the method of image preprocessing, and used the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) algorithm for portrait detection. It also designed an improved algorithm combining principal component analysis (PCA) with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for portrait recognition and tested the system by applying it in a shopping mall to collect and monitor the portrait and establish a data set. The results showed that the missing detection rate and false detection rate of the SSD algorithm were 0.78 and 2.89%, respectively, which were lower than those of the AdaBoost algorithm. Comparisons with PCA, LDA, and PCA + LDA algorithms demonstrated that the recognition rate of the improved PCA + LDA algorithm was the highest, which was 95.8%, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was the largest, and the recognition time was the shortest, which was 465 ms. The experimental results show that the improved PCA + LDA algorithm is reliable in portrait recognition and can be used for emergency evacuation in mass emergencies.

scholarly journals Effect of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide on biliary excretion of a beta- lactam antibiotic, cefoperazone, in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2258-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Haghgoo ◽  
T. Hasegawa ◽  
M. Nadai ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
T. Nabeshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals Epidemiological Investigation of MRSA with Antagonistic Effects of ^|^beta;-lactam Antibiotic and Vancomycin

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Hideaki HANAKI ◽  
Kazunari BARADA ◽  
Takashi INAMATSU ◽  
Keisuke SUNAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals BRL 17421, a novel beta-lactam antibiotic, highly resistant to beta-lactamases, giving high and prolonged serum levels in humans.

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Slocombe ◽  
M J Basker ◽  
P H Bentley ◽  
J P Clayton ◽  
M Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

scholarly journals Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of tannase fromLactobacillus plantarum

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingbo Wu ◽  
Xiaohong Peng ◽  
Hua Wen ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Qianming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ester Bond ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
Data Set ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vapour Diffusion ◽  
Serine Esterases ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Tannase catalyses the hydrolysis of the galloyl ester bond of tannins to release gallic acid. It belongs to the serine esterases and has wide applications in the food, feed, beverage, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The tannase fromLactobacillus plantarumwas cloned, expressed and purified. The protein was crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method with microseeding. The crystals belonged to space groupP1, with unit-cell paramtersa= 46.5,b= 62.8,c= 83.8 Å, α = 70.4, β = 86.0, γ = 79.4°. Although the enzyme exists mainly as a monomer in solution, it forms a dimer in the asymmetric unit of the crystal. The crystals diffracted to beyond 1.60 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation and a complete data set was collected to 1.65 Å resolution.

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