scholarly journals Pervasive Digital Twin for PI-Containers: A New Packing Problem

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7999
Author(s):  
Patrick Charpentier ◽  
Frédéric Chaxel ◽  
Nicolas Krommenacker ◽  
Vincent Bombardier ◽  
Fabian Seguel
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Packing Problem ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Neighborhood Information

The idea defended in this paper consists in finding, at any time and everywhere, the arrangement of containers within a composite container. The digital image of the real arrangement obtained defines its digital twin. This image evolves at the same time as its real twin. It can be used throughout the logistics chain during loading/unloading phases in hubs, to check the completeness of a load, to find the particular position of a container, etc. This digital twin is obtained through the collection of neighborhood information from the sensor nodes embedded on each container. This embedded solution allows accessibility to this information everywhere. This proximity information and the instrumentation of the containers define new types of constraints and a new version of a packing problem. We propose here a model integrating them. This model is implemented and tested on different test cases, and numerical results are provided. These show that, under certain conditions that will be presented, it is possible to obtain the digital twin of the real arrangement.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling and Digital Image Correlation Strain Measurements of Coated Metal Sheets Submitted to Large Bending Deformation

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 2424-2431
Author(s):  
Laurent Duchêne ◽  
Amine Ben Bettaieb ◽  
Victor Tuninetti ◽  
Anne Marie Habraken
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Shell Element ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Coated Metal ◽  
Assumed Strain ◽  
Assumed Natural Strain

The recently developed SSH3D solid-shell element [1], which is based on the Enhanced Assumed Strain (EAS) and the Assumed Natural Strain (ANS) techniques, is utilized for the modeling of a severe bending sheet forming process. To improve the element's ability to capture the through thickness gradients, a specific integration scheme was developed. In this paper, the performances of this element for the modeling of the T-bent process were assessed thanks to comparison between experimental and numerical results in terms of the strain field at the outer surface of the sheet. The experimental results were obtained by Digital Image Correlation. It is shown that a qualitative agreement between experimental and numerical results is obtained but some numerical parameters should be optimized to improve the accuracy of the simulation predictions. In this respect, the influence of the penalty coefficient of the contact modeling was analyzed.

scholarly journals Significance of Parallel Computing on the Performance of Digital Image Correlation Algorithms in MATLAB

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Andreas Thoma ◽  
Abhijith Moni ◽  
Sridhar Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Particle Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Time Analysis

Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is a powerful tool used to evaluate displacements and deformations in a non-intrusive manner. By comparing two images, one from the undeformed reference states of the sample and the other from the deformed target state, the relative displacement between the two states is determined. DIC is well-known and often used for post-processing analysis of in-plane displacements and deformation of the specimen. Increasing the analysis speed to enable real-time DIC analysis will be beneficial and expand the scope of this method. Here we tested several combinations of the most common DIC methods in combination with different parallelization approaches in MATLAB and evaluated their performance to determine whether the real-time analysis is possible with these methods. The effects of computing with different hardware settings were also analyzed and discussed. We found that implementation problems can reduce the efficiency of a theoretically superior algorithm, such that it becomes practically slower than a sub-optimal algorithm. The Newton–Raphson algorithm in combination with a modified particle swarm algorithm in parallel image computation was found to be most effective. This is contrary to theory, suggesting that the inverse-compositional Gauss–Newton algorithm is superior. As expected, the brute force search algorithm is the least efficient method. We also found that the correct choice of parallelization tasks is critical in attaining improvements in computing speed. A poorly chosen parallelization approach with high parallel overhead leads to inferior performance. Finally, irrespective of the computing mode, the correct choice of combinations of integer-pixel and sub-pixel search algorithms is critical for efficient analysis. The real-time analysis using DIC will be difficult on computers with standard computing capabilities, even if parallelization is implemented, so the suggested solution would be to use graphics processing unit (GPU) acceleration.

Engine Fleet-Management: The Use of Digital Twins From a MRO Perspective

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joern Kraft ◽  
Stefan Kuntzagk
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Fleet Management ◽  
Component Level ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Life Consumption

Engine operating cost is a major contributor to the direct operating cost of aircraft. Therefore, the minimization of engine operating cost per flight-hour is a key aspect for airlines to operate successfully under challenging market conditions. The interaction between maintenance cost, operating cost, asset value, lease and replacement cost describes the area of conflict in which engine fleets can be optimized. State-of-the-art fleet management is based on advanced diagnostic and prognostic methods on engine and component level to provide optimized long-term removal and work-scoping forecasts on fleet level based on the individual operation. The key element of these methods is a digital twin of the active engines consisting of multilevel models of the engine and its components. This digital twin can be used to support deterioration and failure analysis, predict life consumption of critical parts and relate the specific operation of a customer to the real and expected condition of the engines on-wing and at induction to the shop. The fleet management data is constantly updated based on operational data sent from the engines as well as line maintenance and shop data. The approach is illustrated along the real application on the CFM56-5C, a mature commercial two-spool high bypass engine installed on the Airbus A340-300. It can be shown, that the new methodology results in major improvements on the considered fleets.

Digital Image Zero-Watermarking Algorithm Based on Improved Wavelet Moment

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 3232-3236
Author(s):  
Zheng Bao Zhang ◽  
Chao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Rotation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Geometric Attacks ◽  
Zero Watermarking ◽  
Local Distortions

Lots of anti-RST attacks watermarking algorithms have been proposed, but few solutions for local geometric attacks, in this paper it proposed a new algorithm combined with the the Wavelet Moment for an anti-geometric attacks. Since wavelet moment was proposed, it is widely used in the field of computer vision, image processing, but the large amount of computation must be improved to be applied to digital watermarking technology so that it can adapt to the real-time detection of digital watermarking. By image rotation, scaling, translation, shear, local distortions, filtering attack operations and so on, these attacks can be seen that the algorithm has good robustness, and the efficiency of watermark detection is relatively high. The experiments show that the algorithm is robustness, greatly accelerate the speed of operation, to unify the robust and efficient.

scholarly journals A 3D study of the contact surface developed by the contact between the tires and the structural pavements

Exacta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Alex Alves Bandeira ◽  
Rita Moura Fortes ◽  
João Virgílio Merighi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Contact Mechanics ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Augmented Lagrangian Method ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Real Contact Area ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Commercial Program ◽  
Contact Surfaces

The basic aim in this work is to present a new technique to analyze the contact surfaces developed by the contact between the tires and the structural pavements by numerical simulations, using 3D finite element formulations with contact mechanics. For this purpose, the Augmented Lagrangian method is used. This study is performed just putting the tires on the structural pavement. These tires and the structural pavement are discretized by finite elements under large 3D elastoplastic deformation. The real loads (of aircrafts, trucks or cars) are applied directly on each tire and by contact mechanics procedures, the real contact area between the tires and the pavement surface is computed. The penetration conditions and the contact interfaces are investigated in details. Furthermore, the pressure developed at the contact surfaces is automatically calculated and transferred to the structural pavement by contact mechanics techniques. The purpose of this work research is to show that the contact area is not circular and the finite element techniques can calculate automatically the real contact area, the real geometry and its stresses and strains. In the end of this work, numerical results in terms of geometry, stress and strain are presented and compared to show the ability of the algorithm. These numerical results are also compared with the numerical results obtained by the commercial program ANSYS.

scholarly journals Construction of Intelligent Integrated Model Framework for the Workshop Manufacturing System Via Digital Twin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyu Zhang ◽  
Zhenjie Zhu ◽  
Jinsheng Zhang ◽  
Jingkun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Production System ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Twin Model ◽  
Information Layer

Abstract With the drastic development of the globally advanced manufacturing industry, transition of the original production pattern from traditional industries to advanced intelligence is completed with the least delay possible, which are still facing new challenges. Because the timeliness, stability and reliability of them is significantly restricted due to lack of the real-time communication. Therefore, an intelligent workshop manufacturing system model framework based on digital twin is proposed in this paper, driving the deep inform integration among the physical entity, data collection, and information decision-making. The conceptual and obscure of the traditional digital twin is refined, optimized, and upgraded on the basis of the four-dimension collaborative model thinking. A refined nine-layer intelligent digital twin model framework is established. Firstly, the physical evaluation is refined into entity layer, auxiliary layer and interface layer, scientifically managing the physical resources as well as the operation and maintenance of the instrument, and coordinating the overall system. Secondly, dividing the data evaluation into the data layer and the processing layer can greatly improve the flexible response-ability and ensure the synchronization of the real-time data. Finally, the system evaluation is subdivided into information layer, algorithm layer, scheduling layer, and functional layer, developing flexible manufacturing plan more reasonably, shortening production cycle, and reducing logistics cost. Simultaneously, combining SLP and artificial bee colony are applied to investigate the production system optimization of the textile workshop. The results indicate that the production efficiency of the optimized production system is increased by 34.46%.

scholarly journals Using Digital Twining in Fast-food Production Chain Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Florina Chiscop ◽  
Bogdan Necula ◽  
Carmen Cristiana Cazacu ◽  
Cristian Eugen Stoica
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Virtual Model ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
The Real ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Food Company ◽  
The Moment

The topic of this paper represents our research in the process of creating a virtual model (digital twin) for a fast-food company production chain starting with the moment when a customer launches an order, following with the processing of that order, until the customer receives it. The model will describe elements that are included in this process such as equipment, human resources and the necessary space that is needed to host this layout. The virtual model created in a simulation platform will be a replicate of a real fast-food company, thus helping us observe the real time dynamic of this production system. Using WITNESS HORIZON 23 we will construct the model of the layout based on real time data received from the fast-food company. This digital twin will be used to manage the production chain material flow, evaluating the performance of the system architecture in various scenarios. In order to obtain a diagnosis of the system’s performance we will simulate the workflow running through preliminary architecture in compliance with the real time behaviour to identify the bottlenecks and blockages in the flow trajectory. In the end we will propose two different optimised architectures for the fast-food company production chain.

Collaborative Platform for Remote Manufacturing Systems Using Industrial Internet and Digital Twin in the COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Lee ◽  
Xiaodong Jia ◽  
Qibo Yang ◽  
Keyi Sun ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Manufacturing Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Operations ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Technology Group ◽  
Collaborative Platform

Abstract In the wake of COVID-19, significant influence on the manufacturing industries has been observed in the past year due to the restrictions of in-person communications and interactions. As a consequence, manufacturing efficiency has reduced remarkably all over the world. Despite the great harm to the industrial operations under the pandemic, the opportunities for remote collaborative manufacturing system also arise. Effective and efficient remote manufacturing systems for the real industries have been highly demanded. Through the integration of industrial internet and digital twin systems, the remote manufacturing system can be largely facilitated. This paper proposes a general framework for the remote manufacturing system during the COVID-19 era. The concept of the intelligent collaborative remote manufacturing system is firstly reviewed, as well as discussions of the current pandemic situation and its influence on the industries. The current commercial platforms of the systems are also presented. A case study on the lighthouse factories at the Foxconn Technology Group is finally presented for understanding the implementation of the proposed strategy. The effectiveness of the framework has been validated in the real industrial scenarios, and great economic and operational benefits have been obtained. The proposed framework offers a promising solution for the remote manufacturing system under the current pandemic.

Virtual Test Environment for Self-Optimizing Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Stöcklein ◽  
Daniel Baldin ◽  
Wolfgang Müller ◽  
Tao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Dead Code ◽  
Real Time Operating System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Code Coverage ◽  
Virtual Test

In our paper we present a virtual test environment for self-optimizing systems based on mutant based testing to validate user tasks of a real-time operating system. This allows the efficient validation of the code coverage of the test cases and therefore helps to detect errors in order to improving the reliability of the system software. Technically we are able to run and test the software on both systems. By writing application software and setting up the virtual test environment properly, we define our test cases. To validate the code coverage for our test cases, we use the approach of mutant based testing. By running this mutated code on our virtual prototype in the virtual test environment, we are able to efficiently validate the code coverage and are able to detect bugs in the application code or detect dead code that is not executed. Finding non-executing code leads to redefinition of our test cases by either changing the test environment or the application code in the case of dead code. We implemented the virtual test environment on top of the third party low cost VR system Unity 3D, which is frequently used in entertainment and education. We demonstrate our concepts by the example of our BeBot robot vehicles. The implementation is based on our self-optimizing real-time operating system ORCOS and we used the tool CERTITUDE(TM) for generating the mutations in our application code. Our BeBot virtual prototype in our virtual test environment implements the same low-level interface to the underlying hardware as the real BeBot. This allows a redirection of commands in ORCOS to either the real or the virtual BeBot in order to provide a VR based platform for early software development as well as ensures comparable conditions under both environments. Our example applies a virtual BeBot that drives through a labyrinth utilizing its IR sensors for navigation. The mutant based testing checks if all situations implemented by the software to navigate through the labyrinth are covered by our tests.

scholarly journals Influence of the Approach Direction on the Repeatability of an Industrial Robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8714
Author(s):  
Michal Vocetka ◽  
Róbert Huňady ◽  
Martin Hagara ◽  
Zdenko Bobovský ◽  
Tomáš Kot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Absolute Accuracy ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Individual

The article aims to prove the hypothesis, that an approach direction influences repeatability at target point of a trajectory. Unlike most researches that deal with absolute accuracy, this paper is focused on determining the achievable repeatability and the influence of the direction of approach on it. To prove the hypothesis, several measurements are performed under different conditions, on industrial robot ABB IRB1200. To verify and confirm the result obtained from the resolvers located on the individual axes of the robot, the measurements are replicated using high-speed digital image correlation cameras. Using an external measuring device, the real repeatability of the robot endpoint is determined. The measurement proved the correctness of the hypothesis, i.e., the dependence of the approach direction on repeatability was proved. Furthermore, real deviations were measured and the extent of this influence on the robot repeatability was determined.

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