scholarly journals Review of Optical Humidity Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8049
Author(s):  
Xing Rao ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Lukui Xu ◽  
Yuhang Wang ◽  
Kuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Optical Techniques ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
And Performance

Optical humidity sensors have evolved through decades of research and development, constantly adapting to new demands and challenges. The continuous growth is supported by the emergence of a variety of optical fibers and functional materials, in addition to the adaptation of different sensing mechanisms and optical techniques. This review attempts to cover the majority of optical humidity sensors reported to date, highlight trends in design and performance, and discuss the challenges of different applications.

Text Summarization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Hovy
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Text Summarization ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Document Summarization ◽  
Topic Identification ◽  
Evaluation Strategies ◽  
And Performance

This article describes research and development on the automated creation of summaries of one or more texts. It defines the concept of summary and presents an overview of the principal approaches in summarization. It describes the design, implementation, and performance of various summarization systems. The stages of automated text summarization are topic identification, interpretation, and summary generation, each having its sub stages. Due to the challenges involved, multi-document summarization is much less developed than single-document summarization. This article reviews particular techniques used in several summarization systems. Finally, this article assesses the methods of evaluating summaries. This article reviews evaluation strategies, from previous evaluation studies, to the two-basic measures method. Summaries are so task and genre specific; therefore, no single measurement covers all cases of evaluation

scholarly journals Characteristics and mechanical properties changes due to incorporation of aloe vera in polyethylene-based film

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Siti Fatma Abd Karim ◽  
Junaidah Binti Jai ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Abdul Wafi Abdul Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Non-degradable properties of polyethylene (PE) films due to long-chain structure cause increment of solid waste plastic. Many researchers, with different purposes, have studied the incorporation of functional materials to PE. Studying the impact of incorporation of aloe vera (AV) into PE films in terms of its characteristic and mechanical properties is the main objective of this paper. The films were prepared using melt-blending and hot press technique. The characterization assessed for the PE and PE-AV films were spectroscopy, crystalline phase, thermal analysis and performance of mechanical properties of the sample.  The functional group detected in spectroscopy studied did not show any changes for PE film or PE with the presence of AV. Lower thermal degradation temperature (Td) obtained for PE-AV3 while others film found no significant changes of Td value and only one peak of thermal degradation occurred for all film. The same goes to the analysis obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data. However, the crystalline structure displayed momentous peak changes for PE with AV. The highest tensile strength (TS) obtained by PE-AV3, at once developing highest value of Young’s modulus (YM), modulus of resilience (UE) and modulus of toughness (UT). A certain amount of AV has substantial effect on changing the polymeric structure especially improving the mechanical properties of PE film. Therefore, AV has potential to become an additive for developing a new partially degradable PE film.

New development and update on China Bioanalysis Forum

Bioanalysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-201
Author(s):  
Fan Jin ◽  
Daniel Tang ◽  
Kelly Dong ◽  
Dafang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Contract Research Organization ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
New Development

This article provides an update on new development of China Bioanalysis Forum (CBF). CBF became a member association of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association (CPA) at the end of 2019. The official ceremony and first scientific symposium were held in Shanghai on 18 September 2020. The president of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and representatives from industry, Contract Research Organization (CRO), hospitals and academic institutes attended the ceremony. Seven experts in the field gave presentations on various topics including Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) and bioanalytical support in drug discovery and development as well as experience in Traditional Chinese Medicine research. With the continuous growth of research and development in China, it is well acknowledged that bioanalysis provides critical support for new innovative medicines and generic drug development in the region.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Humidity Sensors Based on Graphene Oxide–PEDOT:PSS Composites on a Flexible Substrate

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Romero ◽  
Almudena Rivadeneyra ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Diego P. Morales ◽  
Noel Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stability Time

In this paper, we present a simple, fast, and cost-effective method for the large-scale fabrication of high-sensitivity humidity sensors on flexible substrates. These sensors consist of a micro screen-printed capacitive structure upon which a sensitive layer is deposited. We studied two different structures and three different sensing materials by modifying the concentration of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) in a graphene oxide (GO) solution. The results show that the aggregation of the PEDOT:PSS to the GO can modify its electrical properties, boosting the performance of the capacitive sensors in terms of both resistive losses and sensitivity to relative humidity (RH) changes. Thus, in an area less than 30 mm2, the GO/PEDOT:PSS-based sensors can achieve a sensitivity much higher (1.22 nF/%RH at 1 kHz) than other similar sensors presented in the literature which, together with their good thermal stability, time response, and performance over bending, demonstrates that the manufacturing approach described in this work paves the way for the mass production of flexible humidity sensors in an inexpensive way.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Conducting Polymers and Their Composites for Electrochemical Biosensing Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. T. Luong ◽  
Tarun Narayan ◽  
Shipra Solanki ◽  
Bansi D. Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
And Performance

Conducting polymers (CPs) have been at the center of research owing to their metal-like electrochemical properties and polymer-like dispersion nature. CPs and their composites serve as ideal functional materials for diversified biomedical applications like drug delivery, tissue engineering, and diagnostics. There have also been numerous biosensing platforms based on polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), polythiophene (PTP), and their composites. Based on their unique properties and extensive use in biosensing matrices, updated information on novel CPs and their role is appealing. This review focuses on the properties and performance of biosensing matrices based on CPs reported in the last three years. The salient features of CPs like PANI, PPY, PTP, and their composites with nanoparticles, carbon materials, etc. are outlined along with respective examples. A description of mediator conjugated biosensor designs and enzymeless CPs based glucose sensing has also been included. The future research trends with required improvements to improve the analytical performance of CP-biosensing devices have also been addressed.

scholarly journals Butterfly wing architectures inspire sensor and energy applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice I Osotsi ◽  
Wang Zhang ◽  
Imran Zada ◽  
Jiajun Gu ◽  
Qinglei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Butterfly Wing ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Wing Scale ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
External Stimuli

Abstract Natural biological systems are constantly developing efficient mechanisms to counter adverse effects of increasing human population and depleting energy resources. Their intelligent mechanisms are characterized by the ability to detect changes in the environment, store and evaluate information, and respond to external stimuli. Bio-inspired replication into man-made functional materials guarantees enhancement of characteristics and performance. Specifically, butterfly architectures have inspired the fabrication of sensor and energy materials by replicating their unique micro/nanostructures, light-trapping mechanisms and selective responses to external stimuli. These bio-inspired sensor and energy materials have shown improved performance in harnessing renewable energy, environmental remediation and health monitoring. Therefore, this review highlights recent progress reported on the classification of butterfly wing scale architectures and explores several bio-inspired sensor and energy applications.

Classification of Spatially Confined Reactions and the Electrochemical Applications of Molybdenum-Based Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Sitong Guo ◽  
Wen Tan ◽  
Jiyicheng Qiu ◽  
Jinlong Du ◽  
Zhanxu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Material Synthesis ◽  
Electrochemical Application ◽  
And Performance

As a popular material synthesis method, spatially confined reactions have been gradually recognised for their excellent performance in the field of current materials synthesis. In recent years, molybdenum-based catalysts have gradually gained recognition due to high natural reserves of Mo, its low cost, and many other advantages, and they have wide applications in the area of functional materials, especially in topical areas such as batteries and electrocatalysts. In this context, spatially confined reactions have become widely to obtain various types of molybdenum-based electrode materials and electrocatalysts which result in an excellent morphology, structure, and performance. In this review, the concept of a spatially confined reaction system and the electrochemical application (electrode materials and electrocatalyst) of molybdenum-based materials synthesised in this way are comprehensively discussed. The current problems and future development and application of molybdenum-based materials are also discussed in this review.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNAL KNOWLEDGE GENERATION AND EXTERNAL KNOWLEDGE SOURCING FOR SME INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM IRELAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950069
Author(s):  
JUSTIN DORAN ◽  
NOIRIN McCARTHY ◽  
MARIE O’CONNOR
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Process Innovation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Knowledge Sources ◽  
Knowledge Sourcing ◽  
External Knowledge ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyses the knowledge sourcing, transformation, and exploitation stages of the innovation value chain for a sample of Irish small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) using Community Innovation Survey data. It explores the role of internal research and development (R&D) and external knowledge on SMEs’ innovation and performance. The open innovation paradigm, which stresses the importance of external linkages, is used to examine the impact of different external knowledge sources on SMEs’ innovation. The consideration of external linkages in the innovation performance of SMEs is crucial as these firms may be constrained in their ability to perform R&D due to their size. The analysis expands the traditional CDM methodology beyond the consideration of research and development as the sole source of knowledge for innovation by also considering a range of potential external knowledge sources. The findings indicate that SMEs generate knowledge internally through the performance of R&D, while also exploiting linkages to external agents. However, the impact of external sources of knowledge is not uniform. The results suggest that backward linkages have a positive impact on SME product innovation, but negatively affect SME process innovation, while public knowledge sources are positively related to the probability of product innovation occurring. This may have important policy implications. Finally, process innovation is also found to be a key determinant of SME productivity, while product innovation has no impact on SME performance.

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