scholarly journals Cloud-Based IoT Applications and Their Roles in Smart Cities

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1196-1219
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

A smart city is an urbanization region that collects data using several digital and physical devices. The information collected from such devices is used efficiently to manage revenues, resources, and assets, etc., while the information obtained from such devices is utilized to boost performance throughout the city. Cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications could help smart cities that contain information gathered from citizens, devices, homes, and other things. This information is processed and analyzed to monitor and manage transportation networks, electric utilities, resources management, water supply systems, waste management, crime detection, security mechanisms, proficiency, digital library, healthcare facilities, and other opportunities. A cloud service provider offers public cloud services that can update the IoT environment, enabling third-party activities to embed IoT data within electronic devices executing on the IoT. In this paper, the author explored cloud-based IoT applications and their roles in smart cities.

scholarly journals Energy Recovery Using Micro-Hydropower Technology in Water Supply Systems: The Case Study of the City of Fribourg

Water ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Samora ◽  
Pedro Manso ◽  
Mário Franca ◽  
Anton Schleiss ◽  
Helena Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Glimpses of Ancient Indian Town Planning for Building Modern Heritage Cities

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 07-11
Author(s):  
SURESHA RAJA
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Vedic Literature ◽  
Architectural Knowledge ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Future Growth

Ancient Indians had a good architectural knowledge that is evident from the various temples, palaces, forts and other monuments seen spread all around the country. With vast urban population and pilgrim centers, the knowledge of town planning was to be very effective and the ancient Indians enunciated the rules of town planning in their ancient architectural treatises. Glimpses of these features are also to be found in earlier archaeological finds, texts belonging to the Vedic, Epic and Purānic periods. The features of various cities and town planning aspects dealt in these texts are first briefly described that serve as a model for developing Modern Heritage cities. Since hundred Indian cities are soon going to be developed as ‘Smart-Cities’, it would be apt and imperative to discuss the concept of Heritage-Cities as well. Just as the Smart-Cities would be the torchbearers of future growth; Heritage-Cities connect us to our glorious past. Thus, in this paper, humble efforts are made to identify and recognize the valuable factors that contribute to enhance the charm of Heritage-Cities giving a brief overview of earlier Town planning features from ancient Indian texts. Ancient Indians had a well planned system of building villages, towns, intricate drainage, water supply systems, markets, palaces, households and public spaces that are evident from archeological and literary sources. The features mentioned in Vedic, epic and post-Vedic literature could serve as a model for modern town planning, for harmonious living with nature.

Talking Avatar

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Feng Ye ◽  
Qian Huang ◽  
Shengyan Wu ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Interface Layer ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Data Layer ◽  
Social Sharing ◽  
Face Synthesis ◽  
Talking Avatar

With the booming of the mobile computing and web technology, virtual and intelligent mobile applications become increasingly popular, e.g. web computing and web-based information retrieval. However, under contemporary network conditions and web application environment, it remains a challenging problem to achieve a trade-off between algorithm complexity and hardware performance. In this article, a Talking Avatar architecture is presented based on third-party cloud services. First, the authors propose a cloud service based multi-level layered software framework, which consists of user interface layer, business logic layer and data layer. Second, human face synthesis, speech conversion and social sharing schemes are introduced to integrate third-party cloud services. Third, experimental results on Android platforms indicate that the proposed Talking Avatar can be served efficiently in terms of memory consumption as well as average response time. In addition, stronger functions are provided compared with existing methods.

Frequency pressure regulation in water supply systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Halkijevic ◽  
Zivko Vukovic ◽  
Drazen Vouk
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Loss Control ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

In water supply systems, pressure management in most cases is proven to be the most cost-effective activity related to water loss control. As an advanced method of pressure control, it is possible to use variable frequency drives for centrifugal pump control. Pressure regulation can be performed with constant pressure or with proportional pressure control. The application of proportional pressure control is particularly applicable in water supply systems as the operating pump performance is constantly adapting the pressure to the actual demand. Along with lower leakage losses, it also results in lower energy consumption and the elimination of non-stationary phenomena, thereby extending the pump lifetime. Therefore, the paper presents a theoretical discussion of the proportional pressure control. Possible savings are shown on the numerical example of water supply system of the city of Velika Gorica.

scholarly journals About the question of the assessment of the drinking water quality in centralized water systems in the current conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-568
Author(s):  
Yuliya A. Novikova ◽  
K. B. Friedman ◽  
V. N. Fedorov ◽  
A. A. Kovshov ◽  
N. A. Tikhonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

Introduction. Regulation of drinking water quality is a very important area of health care and improving the quality of life of the population of the Russian Federation.The aim of this work is the development a model for the assessment of the drinking water quality and calculating the share of the population, including urban, provided with high-quality drinking water from centralized water supply systems, taking into account new methodological approaches to the evaluation of the quality of drinking water using the example of water supply to settlements in the Leningrad Region. Material and methods. The data on the organization of centralized cold water supply systems and monitoring systems for drinking water quality and the results of laboratory studies of drinking water quality in the cities of Volkhov, Svetogorsk, Slantsy, Tosno were studied. Statistical processing of the results was performed, the categories of quality of drinking water supplied to the population were determined, the number of the population provided with high-quality drinking water from the water supply system was calculated in accordance with Guidelines 2.1.4.0143-19.Results. In 2018, 100% of the population was provided with quality drinking water only in the city of Slantsy. In the city of Tosno, this index reached of 83.5%. In the cities of Volkhov and Svetogorsk, drinking water was rated as low-quality. But it is worth noting that in the cities of Volkhov and Slantsy laboratory tests were carried out at 2 points, in the city of Svetogorsk - only at the 1 point, which, given the number of residents, is not enough. For an objective assessment of the state of drinking water and the development of measures aimed at improving its quality, it is necessary to increase the number of monitoring points, as well as to include the results of control and supervision measures and production laboratory control conducted by water supply organizations in the volume of laboratory information.Conclusion. The proposed model allows us to assess the drinking water quality in centralized water supply systems and the proportion of the population, including urban, provided with quality drinking water at the level of the water supply system, settlement, municipal district (urban district), subject of the Russian Federation

scholarly journals Determination of the Sensor Placement for Detection Water Quality Problems in Water Supply Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Chan Wook Lee ◽  
Yong Jun Lee ◽  
Ji Seung Park ◽  
Do Guen Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

The importance of water quality management in pipes has been recently highlighted through the "Red-water phenomenon" in the city of Incheon. This study proposed a methodology for determining the location of measuring instruments during abnormal water quality issues. The proposed method focuses on analyzing the sensitivity of the flow path through a pipe. Additionally, this flow sensitivity through the tube is analyzed by considering both normal and abnormal conditions. The sensitivity of a pipe is the rate at which the water-flow direction changes. Further, a tube with low sensitivity under normal conditions but high sensitivity under abnormal conditions is the pipe for which the instrument should be first installed. The results were analyzed by applying the proposed methodology to a conventional virtual network. It is expected that, in future, the proposed method for determining the location of water quality gauges could be a useful tool for determining the location of instruments during emergencies.

Analysis of rainwater quality according to seasonality in the city of Rio de Janeiro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFREDO AKIRA OHNUMA JUNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

Critical periods and abnormal rainfall events have been observed in the South-East of Brazil in recent years and this has affected both the amount and quality of the volume of water in the water supply systems. This study seeks to assess the influence of seasonal factors on the quality of rainfall at a water treatment plant, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro - RJ. The methodology involved collecting rainfall samples between January 2017 and December 2018, at four specific points in the system. The parameters were analyzed statistically and followed seasonal patterns for each of the seasons of the year, and included: pH, turbidity, and electric conductivity. The results suggest that there is an urgent need to dispose of the initial volume stored in the devices of the first flush. The water contained in the tank was of a satisfactory standard for non-drinkable purposes despite the effects of seasonality on the quality of the rainfall water.

A Framework for Compliance and Security Coverage Estimation for Cloud Services

2014 ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Dipankar Dasgupta ◽  
Durdana Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
Chain Of Custody ◽  
Security As A Service ◽  
Coverage Estimation

Many organizations are adopting cloud services to reduce their computing cost and increase the flexibility of their IT infrastructure. As cloud services are moving to the mainstream to meet major computing needs, the issues of ownership and chain of custody of customer data are becoming primary responsibilities of providers. Therefore, security requirements are essential for all service models (while the degree of defensive measures may vary) along with satisfying industry standard compliances. The authors develop an insurance framework called MEGHNAD for estimating the security coverage based on the type of cloud service and the level of security assurance required. This security coverage estimator may be useful to cloud providers (offering Security as a Service), cloud adopters, and cloud insurers who want to incorporate or market cloud security insurance. This framework allows the user/operator to choose a cloud service (such as Saas, Paas, IaaS) and other pertinent information in order to determine the appropriate level of security insurance coverage. This chapter describes an extension to the MEGHNAD (version 2.0) framework by incorporating security-related compliances. The compliance for each sector requires specific protection for online data such as transparency, respect for context, security, focused collection, accountability, access, and accuracy. The MEGHNAD tool can also generate a SLA document that can be used for monitoring by a certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (3PAO).

Configuring a Trusted Cloud Service Model for Smart City Exploration Using Hybrid Intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash Sarkar ◽  
Soumya Banerjee ◽  
Youakim Badr ◽  
Arun Kumar Sangaiah
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hybrid Intelligence

Emerging research concerns about the authenticated cloud service with high performance of security and assuring trust for distributed clients in a smart city. Cloud services are deployed by the third-party or web-based service providers. Thus, security and trust would be considered for every layer of cloud architecture. The principle objective of cloud service providers is to deliver better services with assurance of trust about clients' information. Cloud's users recurrently face different security challenges about the use of sharable resources. It is really difficult for Cloud Service Provider for adapting varieties of security policies to sustain their enterprises' goodwill. To make an optimistic decision that would be better suitable to provide a trusted cloud service for users' in smart city. Statistical method known as Multivariate Normal Distribution is used to select different attributes of different security entities for developing the proposed model. Finally, fuzzy multi objective decision making and Bio-Inspired Bat algorithm are applied to achieve the objective.

scholarly journals The Development of the Athens Water Supply System and Inferences for Optimizing the Scale of Water Infrastructures

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2657 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.-Fivos Sargentis ◽  
Romanos Ioannidis ◽  
Georgios Karakatsanis ◽  
Stavroula Sigourou ◽  
Nikos D. Lagaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Local Data ◽  
City Population ◽  
Big City ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

Modern organized societies require robust infrastructures, among which hydraulic projects, such as water supply and drainage systems, are most important, particularly in water-scarce areas. Athens is a unique example because it is a big city (population 3.7 million) located in a very dry area. In order to support the development of the city, large hydraulic projects had to be constructed during its history and, as a result, Athens currently has one of the largest water supply systems in the world. Could Athenians choose smaller scale infrastructures instead? Analyzing social, technical and economical historical data, we can see that large capital investments were required. In order to evaluate these investments this paper presents a technical summary of the development. An economic analysis displays historical values of these investments in present monetary values. The cost of existing infrastructure is compared to the cost of constructing smaller reservoirs and a model is created to correlate the price of water and the cost of water storage with the size of reservoirs. In particular, if more and smaller reservoirs were built instead of the large existing ones, the cost of the water would significantly increase, as illustrated by modelling the cost using local data.

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