scholarly journals Job Attributes and Mental Health: A Comparative Study of Sex Work and Hairstyling

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Bill McCarthy ◽  
Mikael Jansson ◽  
Cecilia Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Job Attributes ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Time Invariant

A growing literature advocates for using a labor perspective to study sex work. According to this approach, sex work involves many of the costs, benefits, and possibilities for exploitation that are common to many jobs. We add to the field with an examination of job attributes and mental health. Our analysis is comparative and uses data from a panel study of people in sex work and hairstyling. We examined job attributes that may differ across these occupations, such as stigma and customer hostility, as well as those that may be more comparable, such as job insecurity, income, and self-employment. Our analysis used mixed-effects regression and included an array of time-varying and time-invariant variables. Our results showed negative associations between mental health and job insecurity and stigma, for both hairstyling and sex work. We also found two occupation-specific relationships: for sex work, limited discretion to make decisions while at work was negatively related to mental health, whereas for hairstyling, mental health was positively associated with self-employment. Our results highlight the usefulness of an inter-occupational labor perspective for understanding the mental health consequences of being in sex work compared to hairstyling.

scholarly journals Invited Commentary: Linking Job Security and Mental Health—Challenges and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Burgard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Perceived Job Insecurity

Abstract Research in the social and health sciences has linked job insecurity to poorer mental health but relies on observational data and faces challenges of causal inference. LaMontagne et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;000(00):000–000) innovate by using both within-person fixed-effects and random-effects regression to analyze data from 14 annual waves of an Australian survey spanning 2002–2015. Using this more rigorous design, they find that improvements in perceived job insecurity were associated with improvements in Mental Health Inventory–5 scores in a large, nationally representative panel study. By using each respondent as their own control, fixed-effects models remove the influence of time-invariant confounders. Innovative new approaches are still needed to address the causal directionality of the association and to capture both those whose exposure changes as well as those for whom it persists. Future work should also consider potential modifying factors including societal conditions, macroeconomic and other period effects, and characteristics of individuals, as well as drawing on multidisciplinary approaches that consider jobs as a combination of multiple health-relevant exposures and embed individual workers in families and communities to assess the full reach and consequences of perceived job insecurity.

Efficiency of India’s Agricultural Exports

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Barma
Keyword(s):  
Home Country ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Policies ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Time Invariant ◽  
Stochastic Gravity

This article is an empirical study employing various time-invariant and time-varying specifications of a stochastic gravity model of trade. It enumerates the inefficiency component among the determinants of Indian agricultural export flows to 112 partner countries, over the years 2000–2013. The panel study finds empirical support for high yet decreasing home country inefficiency or ‘behind-the-border’ constraints to trade. Also significance of regional groups ASEAN, SAFTA and Africa shows that trade policy concentrating on developing countries have been successful export policies. Thus, the export efficiency scores help in articulating future policy initiatives for diversification of the country’s exports according to the significance and level of efficiency of partners. Nevertheless, literal interpretations of the efficiency scores are sensitive to the nature of modelling and their specifications.

scholarly journals O3E.3 Changes in job security and mental health: an analysis of 14 annual waves of an australian working population panel survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A30.2-A30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony LaMontagne ◽  
Lan Say Too ◽  
Laura Punnett ◽  
Allison Milner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Working Population

BackgroundThere is increasing recognition of job insecurity as an emerging issue in public health. We sought to examine whether job security improvements were associated with improvements in mental health in a large, working population-representative repeated-measures panel study.MethodsWe used both within-person fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) regression to analyse data from 14 annual waves of a national Australian survey (19 169 persons, 1 06 942 observations). Mental Health Inventory-5 scores (outcome) were modeled in relation to self-reported job security (categorical, quintiles), adjusting for age, year, education, and job change in the past year.ResultsBoth FE and RE models showed stepwise improvements in MHI-5 scores with improving job security, with stronger exposure-outcome relationships in the RE models, and for men compared to women. All models showed roughly monotonic improvements in MHI-5 score by quintile of improvement in job security. The strongest relationship was observed in the RE model for males: for a one-quintile improvement in job security, beta=2.06 [1.67, 2.46], and the following for two- (3.94 [3.54, 4.34]), three- (5.82 [5.40, 6.24]), and four- (7.18 [6.71, 7.64]) quintile improvements. The FE model for males produced slightly smaller coefficients, reaching a maximum of 5.55 [5.06, 6.05] for a four-quintile improvement.ConclusionsThis Australian national panel study showed a strong dose-response relationship between job security and depression and anxiety symptoms. Stronger causal inference over previous observational research is supported by the dose-response finding and the relative consistency of the FE and RE results. Policy and practice intervention to improve job security could benefit population health.

The Effect of Suicide-Related Internet Use on Users’ Mental Health

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Internet Users

Background: Previous studies have shown that suicide-related Internet use can have both negative and positive psychological effects. Aims: This study examined the effect of suicide-related Internet use on users’ suicidal ideation, depression/anxiety tendency, and loneliness. Method: A two-wave panel study of 850 Internet users was conducted via the Internet. Results: Suicide-related Internet use (e.g., browsing websites about suicide methods) had negative effects on suicidal ideation and depression/anxiety tendency. No forms of suicide-related Internet use, even those that would generally be considered positive, were found to decrease users’ suicidal ideation. In addition, our results suggest that the greater the suicidal ideation and feelings of depression and loneliness of Internet users, the more they used the Internet. Conclusion: Since suicide-related Internet use can adversely influence the mental health of young adults, it is necessary to take measures to reduce their exposure to such information.

scholarly journals Creating Price Indexes for Measuring Productivity in Mental Health Care

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan H. Busch ◽  
Ernst R. Berndt ◽  
Richard G. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Price Indexes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
New Treatment

Economists have long suggested that to be reliable, a preferred medical care price index should employ time-varying weights to measure outcomes-adjusted changes in the price of treating an episode of illness. In this article, we report on several years of research developing alternative indexes for the treatment of the acute phase of major depression, for the period 1991–1996. The introduction of new treatment technologies in the past two decades suggests well-known measurement issues may be prominent in constructing such a price index.We report on the results of four successively re

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