scholarly journals Associations between Parental Mental Health and Child Maltreatment: The Importance of Family Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Vered Ben David
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Diagnoses

The study expands the literature on parents’ mental health and risk of poor parenting by exploring the association between parental mental health diagnoses and types of child maltreatment among 522 parents who were adjudicated for child maltreatment by Israeli courts. The study was cross-sectional and used a manual for the content analysis of court cases. The results showed that 62% of the parents suffered from mental health problems, including emotional problems, personality disorders, mental illness or intellectual disability. Child neglect was associated with all types of mental health diagnoses for both the mothers and fathers. However, child abuse and specifically physical abuse were associated only with the mother’s mental health diagnoses. The mother’s mental illness and personality disorder predicted child neglect and the mother’s personality disorder predicted child abuse, after controlling for poverty, child’s intellectual disability and age. No mental health diagnosis of the father predicted child maltreatment. The study concluded that the effect of mental health condition is greater for mothers. A mother’s personality disorder and mental illness should raise a special concern. Screening for maternal mental health in every case involved in the child welfare system and implications of the findings for prevention of child maltreatment are discussed.

Mind Matters: a psychoeducation programme for individuals with intellectual disabilities and co-morbid diagnoses of mental disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ashworth ◽  
Krista Jansen ◽  
Lydia Bullock ◽  
Paul Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Members

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a feasibility study into the development and pilot of a psychoeducational group for people with intellectual disability and co-morbid mental disorder (including mental illness and personality disorder) within forensic settings. Design/methodology/approach “Mind Matters”, a psychoeducational programme for people with an intellectual disability and co-morbid mental disorders is a group based programme in a medium secure hospital, adapted and developed to be suitable for people with intellectual disability therapist multidisciplinary approach was key to its development. An open group on a 16-bedded ward for individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability and co-morbid mental illness was delivered over a six-week period. Findings The group was positively received in pilot by participants and members of the clinical teams. Attendance and engagement of participants were key measures of the success of the programme. In addition to the apparent increased social skills and motivation to engage with future psychological intervention. Practical implications The authors believe that this approach benefitted both the group members and staff on ward, reinforcing strategies for maintaining positive mental health. It also stimulated engagement, discussion about mental disorders including mental illness, personality disorder and intellectual disabilities. Originality/value This paper shows how a psychoeducational approach to mental disorder and mental health in individuals with an intellectual disability is possible, beneficial and well received.

Investigating the Impact of Child Maltreatment Histories on Drug Court Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley R. Zettler ◽  
Amaia Iratzoqui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Drug Court ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Type Of Failure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although child maltreatment, mental illness, and substance abuse are significantly correlated, only the relationship between mental illness and substance abuse has been documented as potentially affecting the implementation of criminal justice policy. The current study considers the influence of child maltreatment histories in addition to mental health and substance abuse issues in predicting the success of participants in a large drug court in the Southwestern United States. Results indicated that child maltreatment was not predictive of overall court failure. However, child maltreatment had an indirect effect on type of failure, through its effects on mental illness and substance abuse diagnoses. Implications for these findings within drug court and for general criminal justice policy are discussed.

Inpatient treatment of borderline personality disorder in adults with intellectual disability: reflections on practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Trine Elisabeth Iversen ◽  
Kristin Horndalsveen ◽  
Espen Matre ◽  
Tine Finstad Henriksen ◽  
Sarah Fusche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Behaviour Problems ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Content Type

Purpose There are few publications on personality disorder in adults with intellectual disability (ID), and on borderline personality disorder (BPD) specifically. Publications concerning treatment are sparse, despite the high symptom burden in these patients. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Six patients with BPD and ID were recruited from the same inpatient unit. Behaviour problems and mental health symptoms were scored on admission and discharge. Information about treatment, length of stay, etc. was taken from case files. Findings Both mental health symptoms measured by the SCL-90-R, and behaviour problems measured by the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist were significantly reduced on discharge. In the active treatment period, the two main aspects of treatment were validation and practicing new solutions when emotional and behavioural problems occur, i.e. skills training. Research limitations/implications The limitations related to this study are that the study is conducted in one milieu only. Another limitation is that the patients were admitted over a five-year period, where, some changes were made in the treatment approach. Practical implications Inpatient treatment of this patient group seems to be effective if individually adjusted to the patient’s psychopathology, ID and communication style. Close co-operation between the individual therapist and milieu therapists is essential. Originality/value There is a need for intervention studies on BPD in ID. This study may be a valuable contribution.

scholarly journals Security needs among patients referred for high secure care in Broadmoor Hospital England

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Kate Williams ◽  
Madhri Senanayke ◽  
Callum C. Ross ◽  
Rob Bates ◽  
Mary Davoren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Forensic Mental Health ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Secure Care

Background Security needs among patients referred to forensic mental health services have rarely been systematically studied. Aims To ascertain security needs among patients referred to a high secure hospital, Broadmoor High Secure Hospital, England. We also aimed to compare the security needs for those referred to mental illness services with those referred to personality disorder services in the hospital. Method A retrospective complete cohort study of all referrals to Broadmoor Hospital over a 2-year period was conducted. All referred patients (n = 204) were assessed for need for high secure care by two Broadmoor clinicians. The final decision on need for admission was taken by a multidisciplinary admission panel. Independent of the panel, researchers rated need for security using the DUNDRUM-1 triage security scale. Results Those admitted to Broadmoor Hospital had higher triage security scores than those declined (F = 4.209, d.f. = 1, P = 0.042). Referrals to the personality disorder pathway had higher security needs than those referred to the mental illness pathway high secure service (F = 6.9835, d.f. = 1, P = 0.0089). Overall security needs among referrals to Broadmoor were extremely high, both by comparison with previous needs identified in UK medium secure services and international medium and high secure services. Conclusions High secure patient cohorts represent a uniquely vulnerable group within mental health services, with extremely high security needs identified in this study. This has significant implications for services given the high levels of resources needed to provide therapeutically safe and secure care and treatment to this group.

scholarly journals Police involvement, characteristics and outcomes of place of safety referrals in the Scottish Highlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 244-250
Author(s):  
Struan Simpson ◽  
Jude Eze
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Risk Areas

Aims and methodTo characterise police involvement with those detained under place of safety legislation and determine factors associated with admission to hospital. Place of safety referrals over a 1-year period were identified retrospectively and evaluated.ResultsPlace of safety legislation is generally used with regard to concerns about suicide. Individuals are often removed from high-risk areas and referrals to police are frequently initiated by individuals themselves. A diagnosis of mental illness or personality disorder predicted hospital admission. Presence of senior nursing staff at assessment, but not the seniority of the doctor, was associated with discharge.Clinical implicationsCloser multiagency working is required as police are currently being recruited to fill a void between mental health services and the population they serve. Junior doctors require more senior support in making complex, and often risky, emergency management decisions with this population.

Mental health services for single homeless people

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Philip Timms ◽  
Jenny Drife
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Background Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Uk

SUMMARY Homelessness has long been associated with high rates of psychosis, alcohol and substance misuse, and personality disorder. However, psychiatric services in the UK have only recently engaged actively with homeless people. This article provides some background information about homelessness and mental illness and describes the elements of inclusion health and some of the models of service for homeless people that have been established over the past 30 years.

scholarly journals Parental Mental Health in Childhood as a Risk Factor for Anxiety and Depression among People Seeking Help for Tinnitus and Hyperacusis

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (09) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Brian C. J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractParental mental illness is a risk factor for mental health disorders in the offspring. However, the relationship between parental illness in childhood and mental health disorders in adulthood among patients with tinnitus and/or hyperacusis is not known.The aim was to explore the relationship between parental mental health in childhood and anxiety and depression for patients experiencing tinnitus and/or hyperacusis.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with a correlational design.Two hundred eighty-seven consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in the United Kingdom were included. Their average age was 52.5 years.The association was explored between anxiety and depression measured via the Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) and the Patient Health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and responses to the question “While you were growing up during the first 18 years of life did your parent(s) have depression or mental illness?”Thirty-nine percent of patients (111/287) responded “yes” to the question about their parents’ mental health, which is about double the incidence in the general population. Regression analysis showed that parental mental illness significantly increased the risk of anxiety and depression, with unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–4.9, p = 0.001) for the PHQ-9 and 2.6 (95% CI: 1.4–4.8, p = 0.002) for the GAD-7. However, when the models were adjusted for the effects of age, gender, tinnitus handicap as measured via the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, hyperacusis handicap as measured via the Hyperacusis questionnaire, uncomfortable loudness levels, GAD-7 scores (for the depression model only), and PHQ-9 scores (for the anxiety model only), parental mental health was only significantly associated with depression, with an OR of 2.7 (95% CI: 1.08–6.7, p = 0.033).Audiologists offering tinnitus and hyperacusis rehabilitation should screen patients for parental mental illness in childhood, especially for those with comorbid depression, and make onward referral to appropriate mental health services when needed. Future research should analyze the breadth and type of adverse childhood experiences among patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis and their relationship with mental problems and treatment efficacy.

Child Abuse

2020 ◽  
pp. 645-655
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Main ◽  
Laura Jacobson ◽  
Amy Young ◽  
Tim Young
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Initial Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Potential Child ◽  
Physical Suffering

Child maltreatment is an important clinical condition. The emergency department (ED) is frequently the site of initial evaluation when a child is the victim of an acute inflicted injury. Abused children may present to the ED for vague complaints that could be attributed to a more benign illness such as a viral infection, but have evidence of abusive injuries. This evidence is sometimes overt but often subtle. Recognition of these injuries may save the child’s life, spare them from years of psychological and physical suffering, and prevent long-term morbidity such as intellectual disability and need for chronic medical care. In this way, emergency providers are at the front line of child abuse detection. This chapter details important diagnostic tools for evaluation of potential child maltreatment.

scholarly journals Parenting and personality disorder: clinical and child protection implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Adshead
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Burden

SummaryI review some of the evidence that parental personality disorder represents a risk to child development, in terms of both transmission of genetic vulnerability and the environmental stress of living with a parent who has a personality disorder that negatively affects their parenting capacities. I argue that there are two compelling reasons to impose a duty on mental healthcare providers to offer services for adults with personality disorders that specifically focus on their parenting identity: first, because effective therapies for personality disorder are now available; and second, because there is a strong utilitarian and economic argument for improving parental mental health so as to reduce the economic and psychological burden of their offsprings' future psychiatric morbidity.

scholarly journals The Combination of Sibling Victimization and Parental Child Maltreatment on Mental Health Problems and Delinquency

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila R. van Berkel ◽  
Corinna Jenkins Tucker ◽  
David Finkelhor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
Child Age

This study examined how the combination of sibling victimization and parental child maltreatment is related to mental health problems and delinquency in childhood and adolescence. Co-occurrence, additive associations, and interactive associations of sibling victimization and parental child maltreatment were investigated using a sample of 2,053 children aged 5–17 years from the National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence. The results provide primarily evidence for additive associations and only suggest some co-occurrence and interactive associations of sibling victimization and child maltreatment. Evidence for co-occurrence was weak and, when controlling for the other type of maltreatment, only found for neglect. Sibling victimization was related to more mental health problems and delinquency over and above the effect of child abuse and neglect. Moderation by sibling victimization depended on child age and was only found for the relation between both types of child maltreatment by parents and delinquency. For mental health, no interactive associations were found. These results highlight the unique and combined associations between sibling victimization on child development.

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