scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of Parent Training Programs Utilizing Behavior Intervention Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Kimberly B. Bausback ◽  
Eduardo L. Bunge
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Parent Training ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Parent Training ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Support

Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) traditionally occurs in face-to-face (FTF BPT). Recently, Behavioral Intervention Technology (BIT) has been developed to deliver BPT in lieu of or as an adjunct to FTF BPT using websites, computer software, smartphone applications, podcasts, pre-recorded sessions, and teletherapy. The present meta-analysis reviews BIT BPT randomized control and comparison studies to determine the overall efficacy of BITs, if the level of human support significantly effects BIT BPT treatment outcomes, and which populations BIT BPT are effective for, by analyzing the following study variables: socioeconomic status, race, and clinical population. The analyses indicated that, overall, BIT BPT is an effective treatment (g = 0.62), and did not indicate a significant difference between levels of human support (?2 (3) = 4.94, p = 0.18). Analysis did indicate a significant difference between studies that used waitlist or education control groups, compared to studies that used active treatment controls (?2 (1) = 12.90, p = 0.00). The analyses did not indicate a significant difference between clinical population, low socioeconomic status, and racial minority studies. These findings provide preliminary evidence that BIT BPT is effective for treating child and adolescent externalizing behavior in a variety of populations.

Environment, Genes, and Alcohol

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-990
Author(s):  
NANCY L. GOLDEN
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infant Outcome ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age At Birth

In Reply.— Casey's point is well taken. An association between socioeconomic status and infant outcome has been documented. Our study and control groups were not matched on that factor, but on age, race, and gestational age at birth. A retrospective analysis of the socioeconomic status of study and control mothers indicates that they are all of low socioeconomic status (Hollingshead groups 4 and 5) and that there is no significant difference between the study and control groups.

Socioeconomic status and occurrence of chronic pain: a meta-analysis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Prego-Domínguez ◽  
Zahra Khazaeipour ◽  
Narmeen Mallah ◽  
Bahi Takkouche
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Case Control Studies

Abstract Objective To examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the occurrence of chronic pain, defined as pain that persists or recurs for >3 months. Methods We performed a structured search in Medline, Embase, WHO Global Index Medicus and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science databases to identify cohort and case–control studies on chronic pain and SES and its subgroups (SES combined index, educational level, income and occupational status). We extracted study characteristics, outcome measures and measures of association and their 95% CIs. Literature search, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two independent researchers. We performed main and subgroup meta-analyses using random-effects model, and formally assessed heterogeneity and publication bias. Results A total of 45 studies, covering a population of ∼175 000 individuals, were meta-analysed, yielding a pooled Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.44) and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.23) for low and medium SES levels, respectively, compared with high level. We obtained similar results in all the subgroup analyses. Heterogeneity was generally moderate to high across strata, and some evidence of publication bias for low socioeconomic status was found. Conclusion Our results support a moderate increase in the risk of chronic pain for low and medium SES when compared with high SES, a feature that remained constant in all measures of exposure or outcome used. Further prospective research on populations from developing countries are needed to confirm our findings as the studies available for this meta-analysis were carried out exclusively in developed countries.

Academic Interventions for Elementary and Middle School Students With Low Socioeconomic Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Dietrichson ◽  
Martin Bøg ◽  
Trine Filges ◽  
Anne-Marie Klint Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
School Students ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Elementary And Middle School

Socioeconomic status is a major predictor of educational achievement. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to identify effective academic interventions for elementary and middle school students with low socioeconomic status. Included studies have used a treatment-control group design, were performed in OECD and EU countries, and measured achievement by standardized tests in mathematics or reading. The analysis included 101 studies performed during 2000 to 2014, 76% of which were randomized controlled trials. The effect sizes (ES) of many interventions indicate that it is possible to substantially improve educational achievement for the target group. Intervention components such as tutoring (ES = 0.36), feedback and progress monitoring (ES = 0.32), and cooperative learning (ES = 0.22) have average ES that are educationally important, statistically significant, and robust. There is also substantial variation in effect sizes, within and between components, which cannot be fully explained by observable study characteristics.

A cross-sectional analysis of local government health and wellbeing plans and priorities in Victoria, Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony Alindogan ◽  
Eli Ristevski ◽  
Anske Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study is to explore local health and wellbeing plans and priorities by Victorian local governments (LGs), specifically to: (1) analyse how LG priority areas are described in comparison to the State-level plan; (2) identify differences between regional and metropolitan health priorities; and (3) identify differences between LGs with high and low socioeconomic status. Content analysis of 79 LG health and wellbeing plans was undertaken. Differences in health and wellbeing priorities between LGs were examined using the t-test for two proportions. In total, 20% of the plans did not specify actions to address health priorities. One in three (34%) did not specify how evaluation will be done. Alcohol and other drugs, gambling and housing were prioritised more by metropolitan LGs, whereas disease prevention was prioritised more in regional LGs. There was no significant difference in health and wellbeing priorities of LGs with high and low socioeconomic status except for gambling. State-level health and wellbeing plans should be sensitive to differences in priorities of LGs. There is a need for local plans to commit to specific actions and evaluation. This analysis provides basis for more community-reflective, State-level planning and calls for more emphasis on identifying actions and evaluation in local level planning.

scholarly journals Assessment of Complete Coverage of Expanded Program on Immunization in Children at Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Qurat ul Ain Khalid ◽  
Imran Mahmood Khan ◽  
Wajeeha Amber ◽  
Aqmal Laeeq Chishti ◽  
Khawaja Amjad Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expanded Program On Immunization

Background: Goal of the expanded program on immunization (EPI) is to ensure full immunization of children under one year of age to globally eradicate poliomyelitis, tetanus, measles-related deaths and to extend all new vaccines and preventive health interventions to children in all parts of the world. Demographic and health survey 2012-13 showed that in Pakistan complete immunization coverage is very low (54%) to achieve this goal. The objective of this study was to assess any improvement in terms of vaccination coverage in Pakistan in the last 3-4 years.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at outpatient department of Pediatric Medicine of Mayo Hospital Lahore from May, 2016 till November, 2016. The non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to include patients after taking informed consent. Demographic details were collected and parents were questioned about different vaccinations received and confirmed through vaccination card. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 20 and results were presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was applied for association among categorical variables.Results: Complete coverage of expanded program on immunization was achieved in 86% children. A statistically significant difference was noted between mother’s education and immunization coverage of children (P-value 0.013).Conclusions: Education of mother and socioeconomic status were two significant factors affecting immunization coverage. In order to meet target of 95% immunization coverage rate set by WHO, more awareness should be created among people with low socioeconomic status along with improvement of immunization facilities in these areas.Key words: Children, Expanded Program on Immunization, Immunization Coverage

scholarly journals Consumption of Comfortable Foods by Urban Adolescents in Different Socio-Economic Categories

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Isha Chhabra ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Shruti Jain
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Adolescents ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Comfortable foods are chemically processed and made from heavily refined ingredients and artificial additives. These foods are manufactured and distributed in ways that encourage consumption. This study focused on adolescents since they have greater access to comfortable foods, are more free and lesser concerned for their health. Fewer studies have been conducted on adolescents but in present scenario they are more inclined towards unhealthy eating behaviors. Therefore, the present study after careful considerations was attempted to assess the consumption of comfortable foods by urban adolescents in different socio-economic categories. Two hundred subjects in the age group of 16 to 18 years were purposely selected in equal number in the ratio of 1:1 of boys and girls. Findings revealed that majority belonged to high socioeconomic status whereas 52% boys and 44% girls belonged to low socioeconomic status. Respondents from the entire income category mostly consumed comfortable foods because it was either liked by them or they found it good in taste. Consumption of all the comfortable foods was found to be significantly (p≤0.05, p≤0.01) higher in adolescents who had high income and greater access of these food products.  Significant difference was observed in the mean values of consumption of comfortable foods by all the adolescents in different socioeconomic categories.

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