scholarly journals Antioxidant Enzyme Activities as Biomarkers of Cu and Pb Stress in Centella asiatica

Stresses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-265
Author(s):  
Chee Kong Yap ◽  
Wen Siang Tan ◽  
Koe Wei Wong ◽  
Ghim Hock Ong ◽  
Wan Hee Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pb Stress

The present study investigated the antioxidant enzyme activities (AEA) of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as biomarkers of Cu and Pb stress by using Centella asiatica grown in an experimental hydroponic condition. The results showed (i) higher accumulations of Cu and Pb in the roots of C. asiatica than those in the leaves, (ii) synergistic effects of Cu and Pb stress at higher metal-level exposures, and (iii) Cu and Pb stress triggered the increment of APX, CAT, GPX, and SOD levels in both the leaves and roots of C. asiatica. The increment of four AEA indicated that C. asiatica underwent oxidative stress caused by the production of reactive oxygen species when the plant was exposed to Cu and Pb. In order to prevent damages caused by Cu and Pb stress, the AEA system was heightened in C. asiatica, in which APX, CAT, GPX, and SOD can be used as biomarkers of Pb and Cu stress in the plant.

scholarly journals Drought Stress Responses of Sunflower Germplasm Developed after Wide Hybridization

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Roumiana Dimova Vassilevska-Ivanova ◽  
Lydia Shtereva ◽  
Ira Stancheva ◽  
Maria Geneva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Breeding Lines

Response of sunflower germplasms viz. cultivated sunflower H. annuus and two breeding lines H. annuus x T. rotundifolia and H. annuus x V. encelioides developed after wide hybridization were used for identification of drought tolerant sunflower genotypes at the seedling growth stage. Three water stress levels of zero (control), -0.4, and -0.8 MPa were developed using polyethyleneglycol-6000 (PEG-6000). Physiological and biochemical stress determining parameters such as root and shoots length, fresh weight, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPO), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and antioxidant metabolite content (total antioxidant capacity, total phenols and total flavonoids content) were compared between seedlings of all three genotypes. Results revealed that sunflower genotypes have similar responses at two osmotic potentials for shoot and root length and fresh weight. The data also showed that drought stresss could induce oxidative stress, as indicated by the increase level of ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase at -04 MPa in H. annuus cv 1114. Although the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase was differentially influenced by drought, the changes of antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase subjected to drought stress follow a similar pattern in both breeding lines, indicating that similar defense systems might be involved in the oxidative stress injury in sunflowers. Increase in content of phenols and flavonoids were detected for all three genotypes under stress, which showed that these were major antioxidant metabolites in scavenging cellular H2O2.

scholarly journals Antioxidants and selenocompounds inhibit 3,5-dimethylaminophenol toxicity to human urothelial cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Erkekoglu ◽  
Ming-Wei Chao ◽  
Chia-Yi Tseng ◽  
Bevin P. Engelward ◽  
Ozge Kose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Stress Changes

AbstractExposure to alkyl anilines may lead to bladder cancer, which is the second most frequent cancer of the urogenital tract. 3,5-dimethylaniline is highly used in industry. Studies on its primary metabolite 3,5-dimethylaminophenol (3,5-DMAP) showed that this compound causes oxidative stress, changes antioxidant enzyme activities, and leads to death of different mammalian cells. However, there is no in vitro study to show the direct effects of 3,5-DMAP on human bladder and urothelial cells. Selenocompounds are suggested to decrease oxidative stress caused by some chemicals, and selenium supplementation was shown to reduce the risk of bladder cancer. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether selenocompounds organic selenomethionine (SM, 10 µmol/L) or inorganic sodium selenite (SS, 30 nmol/L) could reduce oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in UROtsa cells exposed to 3,5-DMAP. 3,5-DMAP caused a dose-dependent increase in intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, and its dose of 50 µmol/L caused lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in different cellular fractions. The comet assay also showed single-strand DNA breaks induced by the 3,5-DMAP dose of 50 µmol/L, but no changes in double-strand DNA breaks. Apoptosis was also triggered. Both selenocompounds provided partial protection against the cellular toxicity of 3,5-DMAP. Low selenium status along with exposure to alkyl anilines can be a major factor in the development of bladder cancer. More mechanistic studies are needed to specify the role of selenium in bladder cancer.

Antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress in human breast cancer

1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Punnonen ◽  
M. Ahotupa ◽  
K. Asaishi ◽  
M. Hy�ty ◽  
R. Kudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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