scholarly journals Terroir in Transition: Environmental Change in the Wisconsin Artisanal Cheese and New England Oyster Sectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2969
Author(s):  
Kathryn Teigen De Master ◽  
James LaChance ◽  
Sarah Bowen ◽  
Lillian MacNell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
New England ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Depth Interviews

Even as the concept of terroir becomes more salient in diverse cultural and national contexts, climate-driven environmental change threatens to alter the ecologies that contribute to the distinctive terroir of place-based products. Yet few studies examine how producers of terroir products perceive and experience environmental change. Our comparative case study addresses this gap, as we examine ways that changing ecological conditions will influence the emergent terroir of Wisconsin artisanal cheese and New England oysters. Drawing on in-depth interviews and a survey, we describe the environmental and sociocultural elements that Wisconsin artisanal cheesemakers and New England oyster farmers identify as characteristic of the terroir and merroir (terroir’s maritime adaptation) of their products. We then compare cheesemakers’ and oyster farmers’ perceptions and experiences of climate change. We find that both groups perceive climate-related threats to the terroir and merroir of their products, though each group experienced these threats differently. We argue that the ongoing constitution of terroir—which has always reflected a tension between nature and culture—will be further complicated by changing ecologies. We suggest that a generative understanding of terroir that emphasizes terroir’s sociocultural dimensions may help artisanal cheesemakers and oyster farmers mitigate some climate-related threats to their products.

scholarly journals Social and ecological conditions of cranberry production and climate change attitudes in New England

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e0207237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Gareau ◽  
Xiaorui Huang ◽  
Tara Pisani Gareau
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New England ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Climate Change Attitudes

scholarly journals Are there ecological problems that technology cannot solve? Water scarcity and dams, climate change and biofuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan M.A. Karwat ◽  
W. Ethan Eagle ◽  
Margaret S. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Research Show

This paper shows through a comparative case study that many contemporary engineers working on a technological response to climate change—biofuel production—continue to be guided by traditional ethical and historical principles of efficiency and growth in spite of the uniqueness of climate change as a problem unbounded globally in space and time.  The comparative case study reveals that in the past environmental issues like water scarcity were viewed as deficiencies of nature.  In contrast, the development of biofuels as an engineering response to climate change shows that environmental and ecological issues today are viewed as deficiencies of technologies.  Yet, just like large dams on rivers had (and continue to have) negative socioecological outcomes, political economy and political ecology research show biofuel development has socially unjust and ecologically degrading outcomes.  Many engineers continue to separate the “technical” from the “political” aspects of engineering work, resulting in lost opportunities to reshape the technological development paradigm.  While every technology has some negative impacts, engineers, as socioecological experimentalists, must account for these outcomes in their work to mitigate them.  Encouragingly, the engineers interviewed for this paper (along the authors of this paper, who are all engineers) believe that problems like climate change are too narrowly defined, and that the problem-solving capabilities of engineers would lead to more favorable outcomes if problems were more broadly defined to incorporate concerns of social justice and ecological holism, and if we are given legitimacy and agency in proposing alternative, radical, and paradigm-changing solutions to problems like climate change.  

scholarly journals Success of Ecotourism Sites and Local Community Participation in Sabah

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Awangku Hassanal Bahar Pengiran Bagul
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Success Indicators ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

<p>Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, is an ecotourism destination that is well known in the international tourism scene, where nature and culture has been positioned as the two main products. With high biodiversity and more than 30 distinctive cultures, ecotourism has been embraced by all stakeholders in the state since the 1990s. After a decade or so, many stakeholders are very eager to judge and give judgments of what success entails. The complexity of the stakeholders' characteristics usually results in various perceptions of success. The thesis sets out to interpret and develop the indicators for success of local community participation and ecotourism sites in Sabah. Both, local community participation and ecotourism site were chosen due to the nature of the ecotourism industry where business and community development is very closely tied together. This thesis employs plans and policy analysis and comparative case study as its methodology. The data were then analysed to get the results, which are success indicators for local community participation and ecotourism sites based on the perception of stakeholders. The indicators emerged from the analysis are put into perspective by analysing the results with the analysis of plans and policies and case studies. Two sets of indicators are proposed, both for local community participation success and ecotourism site's success, which is valuable to the industry in reviewing their current plans and policies. It is also useful in monitoring and evaluating current local community participation activities. The indicators are quite consistent with those others drawn from the literature review. The analysis also shows that there are issues that need to be addressed with regards to these indicators. These indicators are output-based, therefore there is a need to establish the measurement or the parameters of these indicators to make it more quantifiable and more meaningful. Another aspect that the thesis identified is that the strongest indicators are those that were agreed by all stakeholders and the recipients that benefits are both the site and the local community. While this is emphasising the importance of local community in the ecotourism set up, it is also suggested that a set up of an integrated development and management among stakeholders, of local community and ecotourism with the common objective and common operational process, are seen as successful. This will contribute to tourism literature by enhancing the knowledge of ecotourism, and to the ecotourism industry by providing a means of evaluating local community participation activities and ecotourism sites.</p>

A path to peace: A comparative study of practitioners’ views of juvenile restorative justice in Chile, England, Italy, and Sweden

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Claudia Andrea Reyes-Quilodran ◽  
Catherine A LaBrenz ◽  
Gabriela Donoso
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Recent Attention

Recent attention to juvenile delinquency has led to calls for alternative approaches for youth offenders that can reduce recidivism. This research analyzes how practitioners in Sweden, England, Italy, and Chile perceive the implementation of victim offender mediation (VOM). An emphasis is given to challenges and strategies that practitioners in Sweden, England, and Italy report, in order to provide a framework for implementation of VOM in a country in the early stages of implementation and consideration, such as Chile. An instrumental comparative case study design was used to compare the four cases of VOM implementation, conducting in-depth interviews in each country with key informants about the implementation process. The results suggest that practitioners are overwhelmingly satisfied with VOM in each European country, and that their experiences can be incorporated as lessons learned for practitioners in other countries seeking to implement VOM. Implications for adapting VOM to a different cultural context are described in the discussion, as well as a critical analysis of the need for more empirical evidence and further research on VOM and its underlying philosophy of social justice and accountability.

scholarly journals LIVELIHOOD CHANGES OF FISHERMAN COMMUNITY DRIVEN BY CLIMATE CHANGE: A CASE STUDY IN SEMARANG COASTAL REGION, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Choiru Amin ◽  
Sukamdi . ◽  
R. Rijanta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Green Mussel ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose of Study: Climate change has triggered sea level rise so as to increase the height of tidal inundation (rob)in coastal areas. Fishermen face the highest risk since their livelihoods and settlement are directly adjacent to the sea in compared with other communities. This paper describes how fishermen living in the flood-prone areas can survive from the flood triggered by climate change. The house renovation certainly requires a lot of funds thus encouraging the fishermen to seek alternative sources to obtain higher income. Most of the fishermen in coastal Semarang change their livelihood from fishing to cultivating green mussels. They utilize the coastal areas inundated by the tidal flood to cultivate green mussels. Methodology: The approach used in this study was qualitative with the case study method. Sample cases were selected using snowball sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants. Results: The results showed that fishermen living on the coast of Semarang have to face tidal floods with an increasingly high inundation by an average of 1 m/10 years. The increasing height of tidal flood from year to year has forced the fishermen to renovate their houses raising the building approximately every 10 years. The renovation certainly requires a lot of funds thus encouraging the fishermen to seek alternative sources to obtain higher income. Most of the fishermen in coastal Semarang change their livelihood from fishing to cultivating green mussel. They utilize the coastal areas inundated by the tidal flood to cultivate green mussels. Implications/Applications: However, green mussel cultivation successfully gains higher income as well as-as more sus- tainable than fishing. Statistically, it is evidenced by the capability of the fishermen in renovating their houses from pre- venting them inundated by the tidal flood.

Photovoice, emergency management and climate change: a comparative case-study approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 146879412093439
Author(s):  
Samantha Russo ◽  
Kylie Hissa ◽  
Brenda Murphy ◽  
Bryce Gunson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Study Approach

Photovoice aims to enable people to record and reflect their community’s strengths and challenges, to encourage group dialogue and knowledge about important issues through group discussions and to inform policymaking. While primarily utilized in the health field, an emerging area of focus is to use photovoice in an emergency management or climate change context. Through work conducted in two rural areas recovering from natural disasters in Ontario, Canada, this research, focused on critical infrastructure disaster recovery, underscores the value of undertaking a comparative case-study approach and offers a detailed reporting of the fieldwork methodology. We argue that photovoice has the potential to solicit poorly understood rural and Indigenous community member perspectives, thereby augmenting locally relevant, place-based information and, ideally, empowering voices that are often under-represented in municipal and provincial decision-making processes. We offer lessons learned related to the project’s processes and outcomes, and outline the applicability of photovoice for emergency management and climate change research.

scholarly journals Success of Ecotourism Sites and Local Community Participation in Sabah

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Awangku Hassanal Bahar Pengiran Bagul
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Success Indicators ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

<p>Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, is an ecotourism destination that is well known in the international tourism scene, where nature and culture has been positioned as the two main products. With high biodiversity and more than 30 distinctive cultures, ecotourism has been embraced by all stakeholders in the state since the 1990s. After a decade or so, many stakeholders are very eager to judge and give judgments of what success entails. The complexity of the stakeholders' characteristics usually results in various perceptions of success. The thesis sets out to interpret and develop the indicators for success of local community participation and ecotourism sites in Sabah. Both, local community participation and ecotourism site were chosen due to the nature of the ecotourism industry where business and community development is very closely tied together. This thesis employs plans and policy analysis and comparative case study as its methodology. The data were then analysed to get the results, which are success indicators for local community participation and ecotourism sites based on the perception of stakeholders. The indicators emerged from the analysis are put into perspective by analysing the results with the analysis of plans and policies and case studies. Two sets of indicators are proposed, both for local community participation success and ecotourism site's success, which is valuable to the industry in reviewing their current plans and policies. It is also useful in monitoring and evaluating current local community participation activities. The indicators are quite consistent with those others drawn from the literature review. The analysis also shows that there are issues that need to be addressed with regards to these indicators. These indicators are output-based, therefore there is a need to establish the measurement or the parameters of these indicators to make it more quantifiable and more meaningful. Another aspect that the thesis identified is that the strongest indicators are those that were agreed by all stakeholders and the recipients that benefits are both the site and the local community. While this is emphasising the importance of local community in the ecotourism set up, it is also suggested that a set up of an integrated development and management among stakeholders, of local community and ecotourism with the common objective and common operational process, are seen as successful. This will contribute to tourism literature by enhancing the knowledge of ecotourism, and to the ecotourism industry by providing a means of evaluating local community participation activities and ecotourism sites.</p>

scholarly journals Youth-Led Participatory Video as a Strategy to Enhance Inuit Youth Adaptive Capacities for Dealing with Climate Change

ARCTIC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Petrasek MacDonald ◽  
James Ford ◽  
Ashlee Cunsolo Willox ◽  
Claudia Mitchell ◽  
Konek Productions ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Participatory Video ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Rapid climatic and environmental changes experienced throughout the Canadian North are having significant impacts on the lives of Inuit, with implications for the future of the large Inuit youth population. Within the adaptation research and practitioner community, youth voices, perspectives, and involvement are essential in ensuring representative and sustainable adaptation strategies. This paper examines the potential of youth-led participatory video (PV) as a strategy to foster known protective factors that underpin the resilience of youth and their capacity to adapt to various stresses, including impacts of climate change. The work draws on a case study from the Inuit community of Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Labrador, Canada, where a two-week PV workshop was conducted with seven youth and followed by in-depth interviews with participants and community members. The findings show that PV may be a pathway to greater adaptive capacities because the process connects to known protective factors that enhance resilience of circumpolar indigenous youth. PV also shows promise as a strategy to engage youth in sharing insights and knowledge, connect generations, and involve young Inuit in planning and decision making in general.  

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