scholarly journals The Effects of Biodegradable Mulch Film on the Growth, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Cotton and Maize in an Arid Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Deng ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Ruide Yu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Mulch Film ◽  
Biodegradable Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency

Plastic residual film pollution in China is severe, and the use of degradable mulch film instead of plastic mulch can effectively alleviate this situation. The substitution of common polyethylene plastic mulch film with biodegradable mulch film in the agricultural production of cotton and maize in an arid region was investigated in the present study. Using bare soil as the control, we compared the effects of common polyethylene plastic film and biodegradable mulch film on crop growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) in maize and cotton. The results indicated that: (1) the biodegradable mulch film in this region remained intact for 60 days after being laid down, significantly degrading after 120 days, and was associated with increased soil temperature, moisture conservation, and degradability in comparison to a bare soil control; (2) Both the biodegradable mulch film and the polyethylene plastic film significantly increased various physiological parameters, such as crop height, stalk diameter, and leaf area; (3) The biodegradable mulch film had a significant effect on crop yield by 69.4–76.2% and 65.2–71.9%, respectively, compared to the bare soil control. (4) Compared to the bare soil control, the biodegradable mulch film effectively increased WUE in the crops by 64.5–73.1%. In summary, biodegradable mulch film had comparable results to the common polyethylene plastic film in increasing crop growth, yield, and WUE. As the biodegradable mulch film causes no residual pollution, it is thus preferable to common plastic mulch film for agricultural applications in arid regions and supports the sustainable development of agroecosystems. Therefore, the use of degradable mulch films in agricultural production is more environmentally friendly and more conducive to the sustainable development of agricultural systems.

scholarly journals The effects of biodegradable mulch film on the growth, yield, and water use efficiency of cotton and maize in an arid region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Deng ◽  
Ruide Yu ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Mulch Film ◽  
Biodegradable Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractPlastic residual film pollution in China is serious, and the use of degradable mulch film instead of plastic mulch can effectively alleviate this situation. The substitution of common polyethylene plastic mulch film with biodegradable mulch film in the agricultural production of cotton and maize in an arid region was investigated in the present study. Using bare soil as the control, we compared the effects of common polyethylene plastic film and biodegradable mulch film on crop growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) in maize and cotton. The results indicated that: (1) the biodegradable mulch film in this region remained intact for 60 days after being laid down, significantly degrading after 120 days, and was associated with increased soil temperature, moisture conservation, and degradability in comparison to a bare soil control. (2) Both the biodegradable mulch film and the polyethylene plastic film significantly increased various physiological parameters, such as crop height, stalk diameter, and leaf area. (3) The biodegradable mulch film significantly increased maize and cotton crop yield by 69.4–76.2% and 65.2–71.9%, respectively, compared to the bare soil control. (4) Compared to the bare soil control, the biodegradable mulch film effectively increased WUE in the crops by 64.5–73.1%. In summary, biodegradable mulch film had comparable results to the common polyethylene plastic film in increasing soil temperature, moisture conservation, crop growth, yield, and WUE. As the biodegradable mulch film causes no residual pollution, it is thus preferable to common plastic mulch film for agricultural applications in arid regions and supports the sustainable development of agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Testing Biodegradable Films as Alternatives to Plastic-Film Mulching for Enhancing the Yield and Economic Benefits of Processed Tomato in Xinjiang Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3093
Author(s):  
Anwar Abduwaiti ◽  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Changrong Yan ◽  
Yinghao Xue ◽  
Tuo Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Plastic Film Mulching ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Film Mulching ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The extensive application of plastic-film mulching (PFM) has brought a series of environmental pollution due to the lack of awareness of plastic-film rational use and absence of plastic residues recycling in China. In addition, the use of degradable film instead of common polyethylene plastic film (PE film) can effectively alleviate this situation. The substitution of PE film with biodegradable film in the agricultural production of processed tomato in Xinjiang region was investigated in this study. Using bare soil as the control, we compared the effects of PE film and biodegradable film mulching on crop growth, yield, and economic benefits in processed tomato. The results indicated that: (1) Biodegradable film with a thickness of about 8 μm can meet the mechanical operation requirements, and the effect of biodegradable film mulching was completely consistent with that of PE film; (2) Four kinds of biodegradable film can meet the requirements of processed tomato growth and development, although slightly different from PE film in increasing temperature and water retention; (3) Plastic-film planting can ensure a net profit of 1.14–1.64 ten thousand CNY per hectare under the current production conditions and mode of Xinjiang region, and biodegradable film planting was observed to be essentially equal to those of PE film; (4) Nearly 50%–70% of the biodegradable film was ruptured and degraded during processed tomato harvesting, which avoided the occurrence of the winch of the plastic-film winding harvester and improves the efficiency and commodity rate of the processed tomato harvest operation. As the biodegradable film mulching causes no residual pollution, it is accepted to be an alternative to plastic-film mulching for agricultural applications and supports the sustainable development of agroecosystems in Xinjiang region.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Mulch Film on Crops in the Arid Agricultural Region of China under Future Climate Scenarios

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Lu Deng ◽  
Xianyong Meng ◽  
Ruide Yu ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Mulch Film ◽  
Biodegradable Mulch ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Mulch Films

Plastic mulch film is widely used in agricultural production. However, there are very few studies on degradable mulch film. In order to investigate the effects of using degradable mulch film in arid regions on crop yield and water use efficiency, we used fully biodegradable mulch films on both maize and bare land cultivation experimental areas. The DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model was used to analyze changes in maize biomass in the future under different climate scenario models. We found that using fully biodegradable mulch film in an arid region had a positive effect on biomass yields. In 2015–2017, the annual maize biomass yield increased by 24.5%, 28.9%, and 32.9%, respectively. Hence, this method has expansion and promotion value. A comparison of the DNDC model simulated biomass yields and actual measured values found that the ranges of R2, root mean square error (RMSE), and model efficiency (ME) were 0.98–0.99, 0.38–0.86 mg C ha−1, and 0.80–0.98. This result shows that the DNDC model can accurately simulate changes in maize biomass in this region. Under the premise of a good model fit, future climate scenario model data were used to drive the DNDC model. The results showed that the possible range of maize biomass yields in the future is −6.5% to 10.3%, with the most probable range being 0.2–1.5%. Using future climatic conditions, our work suggests that degradable mulch films can increase water use efficiency by an average of 9.5%. The results of this study can be used to promote the use of degradable mulch films in arid regions, significantly improving sustainable agricultural development.

Experimental Study on the Optimal Threshold of Water and Nitrogen Quantities for Tomato Growth under the Irrigation with Biogas Slurry in Greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Pingan Zhang ◽  
Ningbo Cui ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
List Type ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Coupling

HighlightsApplication of biogas slurry can significantly improve the integrated growth, yield, quality of tomatoes.Water-nitrogen coupling model was established based on multi-index evaluation system of tomatoes.The optimal application quantitative range of water and nitrogen was obtained based on the water-nitrogen coupling model.Abstract. Biogas slurry, a liquid organic fertilizer, has been widely used in agricultural production. However, the characteristics of high water content and low fertility make it always applied empirically and a scientific and reasonable application of biogas slurry is urgent needed in practical agricultural production. This study aims to explore the effects of various biogas slurry concentrations on the yield, comprehensive nutritional quality (CNQ), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) of tomatoes in a greenhouse. Seven treatments, including T1(BS1:4; 0.8Ep), T2 (BS1:6; 0.8Ep), and T3(BS1:8; 0.8Ep), T4(BS1:4; 0.6Ep), T5(BS1:4; 1.0Ep), CK (no fertilization; 1.0Ep), CF (conventional chemical fertilization; 1.0Ep) were set up, where BS1:4, BS1:6,and BS1:8 are the volume ratio of biogas slurry to water, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 were crop dish coefficients, respectively. Ep is the evaporation amount of a 20 cm standard evaporating dish. The results showed that appropriate application of biogas slurry had a positive impact on crop growth such as total dry biomass, plant height, stem diameter and finally increased the yields, in which T1 treatment was the best. The fruit yield increased with the increase of biogas slurry ratio for treatments at the same irrigation level of 0.8Ep and the maximum yield of single tomato can reach 5.174 kg. The IWUE increased with the decrease of irrigation for treatments at the same biogas slurry ratio of BS1:4 and T4 treatment had the highest IWUE. The CNQ first increased and then decreased with the increase of biogas slurry ratio under the same irrigation level of 0.8Ep and T2 treatment obtained the highest CNQ; but the PFPN decreased with the increase of biogas slurry ratio and T3 treatment acquired the largest PFPN. Within an 80% confidence interval, when the irrigation amount was in a range of 39.233~43.134 L and the nitrogen quantities was 7.983~8.426 g, the yield, IWUE, CNQ, and PFPN can reach =80% of their maximums at the same time. Taking into account the growth, yield, fruit quality, and water and fertilizer use efficiency, T1 treatment was the best fertigation strategy for a higher production and better quality. The results can provide some help for scientific management of biogas slurry application in greenhouse. Keywords: Biogas slurry, Quality, Spatial analysis method, Tomato (Lycopersicum esculantum Mill), Yield.

Improvement and Validation of the Common Land Model on Cropland Covered by Plastic Film in the Arid Region of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2071-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Lu ◽  
Hongchao Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Parameterization Scheme ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Common Land Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
Soil Temperature And Moisture

AbstractPlastic mulch is a technology used worldwide to inhibit soil evaporation and increase crop yield. The properties of plastic film are significantly different from those of the soil. Plastic mulch not only significantly alters the physical attributes of the underlying surface, but also blocks the energy and mass exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere. This latter situation has not been depicted in current land-surface models. This study develops a detailed new model, known as CoLM-mulch, by incorporating a plastic mulch–layer submodel and a dynamic parameterization scheme of surface albedo into the Common Land Model (CoLM) land-surface process model. The updated model elements are based on data collected from an experiment that examined land–atmosphere interaction at a plastic-film-covered cropland site in an arid region of northwestern China. Results suggest that the improved CoLM-mulch could reasonably simulate the diurnal variations of soil temperature and moisture, together with radiation, water, heat, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes, on the cropland underlying a surface with a plastic film covering. The CoLM-mulch efficiency is higher, the deviations between the simulations and observations are minor, and the dynamic parameterization scheme for surface albedo is more reasonable and appropriate. Relative to CoLM simulations, the inclusion of plastic mulch with special optical properties in the model shows slight improvements in the simulations of the surface albedo and the radiation balance. By limiting the underlying soil evaporation and changing the aerodynamic resistances, plastic mulch in the model has influences on the turbulent exchanges between the atmosphere and the land surface. The soil temperature and moisture are improved by the inclusion of transparent plastic mulch in the model, which not only suppresses the CO2 generated by soil respiration, but also alters the CO2 exchange process between the canopy and the atmosphere as a result of the vegetation net assimilation controlled by the soil water and heat conditions.

scholarly journals Performance of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) varieties under Azadirachta indica L. shade and open condition in hot-arid region of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
MANOHAR LAL ◽  
SHEILENDRA KUMAR ◽  
S.M. KUMAWAT ◽  
R.S. YADAV ◽  
S.K. KHARIA
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

The mustard production and productivity of the hot arid region of Rajasthan is dominated by both genetic makeup and environmental conditions. An experiment was conducted with four mustard varieties  (RGN-73, RGN-229, RH-30 and Pusa bold) in two growing environments (open environment and neem shade). Pusa bold gave significantly higher plant height than other varieties. Among varieties, RGN-73 had significantly higher number of branches per plant, dry matter accumulation per plant, siliquae per plant, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, harvest index and heat use efficiency than other varieties. However, significantly higher test weight was in Pusa bold variety. Under open environment condition, significantly higher growth, yield attributes, yield, harvest index and heat use efficiency were found as compared to neem shade environment. The results revealed that variety RGN-229 took more days for completion of life cycle as compared to other varieties, hence RGN-229 variety required significantly more degree days than other varieties. The pheno-thermal index was significantly higher in open condition.

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