scholarly journals Life Expectancy at Birth in Europe: An Econometric Approach Based on Random Forests Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio Martín Cervantes ◽  
Nuria Rueda López ◽  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Random Forests ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth

The objective of this work is to identify and classify the relative importance of several socioeconomic factors which explain life expectancy at birth in the European Union (EU) countries in the period 2008–2017, paying special attention to greenhouse gas emissions and public environmental expenditures. Methods: The Random Forests methodology was employed, which allows classification of the socioeconomic variables considered in the analysis according to their relative importance to explain health outcomes. Results: Per capita income, the educational level of the population, and the variable AREA (which reflects the subdivision of Europe into four relatively homogeneous areas), followed by the public expenditures on environmental and social protection, are the variables with the highest relevance in explaining life expectancy at birth in Europe over the perip.1 he peusto el correo e inciod 2008–2017. Conclusions: We have identified seven sectors as the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions: Electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning supply; manufacturing; transportation and storage; agriculture, forestry, and fishing; construction; wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; and mining and quarrying. Therefore, any public intervention related to environmental policy should be aimed at these economic sectors. Furthermore, it will be more effective to focus on public programs with higher relevance to the health status of the population, such as environmental and social protection expenditures.

Greenhouse gas emissions of motor vehicles in Chinese cities and the implication for China’s mitigation targets

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 1016-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zeng ◽  
Xianchun Tan ◽  
Baihe Gu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Baoguang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Chinese Cities

scholarly journals Environmental Changes Produced by Household Consumption

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5730
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Martínez ◽  
Ángeles Cámara
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of the fall in household consumption after an economic crisis in Spain on greenhouse gas emissions. To this end, household consumption is differentiated by the age of the main provider by using a conversion matrix that relates consumption groups to activity sectors. A multisectoral model was used to quantify and compare the environmental impact caused by the consumption of each age group, indicating that the older the age of the main household provider, the smaller the reduction in GHG emissions associated with their consumption. The results facilitate an analysis of how the greenhouse gas emissions of the different sectors of the Spanish economy, associated with the population under study, varied before and after the 2008 crisis, and confirm that the sectors with the greatest reduction in emissions were, in this order, extractive industries, construction, manufacturing industry, wholesale and retail trade and transport and storage. This is relevant for decision making in the field of environmental policies in crises, akin to the one the world is currently experiencing.

scholarly journals The Unsustainable State: Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Inequality, and Human Well-Being in the United States, 1913 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110205
Author(s):  
Orla Kelly ◽  
Ryan P. Thombs ◽  
Andrew Jorgenson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Negative Effect

A central premise of development strategies is that nations use natural resources, such as fossil fuels, to raise population living standards and enhance well-being. However, research shows that the relationship among human well-being, resource use, and the associated emissions is complex and context specific. To better understand if natural resource use plays a historic role in generating human well-being in the United States, the authors conduct a time-series analysis of greenhouse gas emissions and average life expectancy from 1913 to 2017. The results show that increases in greenhouse gas emissions per capita have an instantaneous, negative effect on life expectancy. The authors also find evidence that income inequality has a long-run negative effect on life expectancy. Additional analyses provide mixed results regarding whether and how the effects of emissions on life expectancy are conditional on income inequality. These findings contradict the assumption that reductions in emissions necessitate trade-offs in human well-being in high-income contexts.

Laboratory investigation of supported permeable organic covers for the management of odour emissions from anaerobic piggery waste ponds

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hudson ◽  
K. Casey ◽  
S. Melvin ◽  
P. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Australian research has linked much of the odour arising from intensive livestock operations to pond treatment systems. A reduction in emissions from treatment ponds would therefore generally reduce odour emissions from intensive livestock operations. Published data indicates that the application of straw and other biological materials to effluent pond surfaces as a continuous cover reduces odour emissions. The effectiveness of these covers has not, however, been researched under controlled conditions. Using locally available materials, the efficacy of supported covers has been investigated using a series of laboratory anaerobic digesters treating typical piggery effluent. Research to date has focused on:•identifying effective cover and cover support materials;•quantifying odour reduction;•• identifying the impact use these covers may have on greenhouse gas emissions;•• devising practical and effective methods for constructing these covers.Results have confirmed that a variety of cover materials are effective in reducing pond odour emissions. Supporting the pond cover appears to extend the cover life expectancy. While greenhouse gas emissions appear to vary according to cover type, the overall significance of these emissions is not yet clear. The impact of permeable pond covers on overall pond performance requires additional research.

scholarly journals How will greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles be constrained in China around 2030?

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zheng ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Jens Borken-Kleefeld ◽  
Hong Huo ◽  
Dabo Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals PROBLEMS GREENHOUSE GASES EMITTED FROM VEHICLES

2019 ◽  
pp. 673-679
Author(s):  
O.T. Shatmanov ◽  
Zh.Zhanbirov ◽  
Zh.A.Baiburaeva
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Social Side

The article deals with the issues of environmental safety in the operation of motor vehicles, which are one of the leaders in greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. The level of motorization of the country's cities, providing the social side of life, proportionally leads to the development of environmental problems. The article considers the main factors of transport use in different regions of Kazakhstan and their negative impact on the environment. The analysis of the key problems of public transport, more than a third of which are the percentage of greenhouse gas emissions and harmful substances into the atmosphere. The main directions of environmental safety, the necessity of methodological and methodical study on a qualitatively new basis of the problems of the use of natural gas as an alternative motor fuel. The foreign experience of using fuel from alternative sources is analyzed.

Projection of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions by motor vehicles in China: Policy options and impacts

Energy Policy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Huo ◽  
Michael Wang ◽  
Xiliang Zhang ◽  
Kebin He ◽  
Huiming Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
China Policy ◽  
Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Impact of Environment, Life Expectancy and Real GDP per Capita on Health Expenditures: Evidence from the EU Member States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13176
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Bayar ◽  
Marius Dan Gavriletea ◽  
Mirela Oana Pintea ◽  
Ioana Cristina Sechel
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Real Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita

This research explores the impact of environment, life expectancy, and real GDP per capita on health expenditures in a sample of 27 EU member states over the 2000–2018 period through causality and cointegration analyses. The causality analysis revealed a significant unilateral causality from variables of greenhouse gas emissions, life expectancy, and real GDP per capita to health expenditures. In other words, greenhouse gas emissions, life expectancy, and real GDP per capita had a significant impact on health expenditures in the short run. The cointegration analysis indicated that life expectancy and real GDP per capita had a significant positive impact on health expenditures at the overall panel. On the other side, the country level cointegration coefficients revealed that life expectancy had a considerable positive impact on health expenditures, real GDP per capita had a moderate positive impact on the health expenditures in most of the countries in the panel, but the environment proxied by greenhouse gas emissions had a low positive or negative impact on the health expenditures in a limited number of countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document