scholarly journals Food Security, Environmental Health, and the Economy in Mexico: Lessons Learned with the COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7470
Author(s):  
Rebeca Monroy-Torres ◽  
Ángela Castillo-Chávez ◽  
Erika Carcaño-Valencia ◽  
Marco Hernández-Luna ◽  
Alex Caldera-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Mesh Terms

The COVID-19 pandemic showed an impact mainly on the health of people and the economy of households. The levels of food security in the world’s households, especially in Mexico, have decreased. When people do not have food security, their health is compromised and they have financial problems; on the other hand, environmental deterioration has a link with food security. The purpose of this review is to analysis of the current situation in Mexico of food security, environmental health and economy, the main lessons learned in these areas and their proposals integrating public policies. A review was carried out in the main databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts y PAIS Index) with the following keywords and according to the MeSH terms: Food security, food insecurity, environmental health, public policies, environmental, production, integrating the word COVID-19 in English and Spanish. Only 44.5% of Mexican households presented food security. For food insecurity, 22.6% had moderate and severe food insecurity, while 32.9% had mild insecurity. Food insecurity and the health impacts of environmental origin (waste management during the coronavirus pandemic, water contaminated by bacteria, viruses, and toxins; air pollution) generates impacts on economic activity by not offering food that meets health regulations. Without the application of cost-effective measures and interventions for the prevention and control of patients with obesity, the direct costs for 2023 will amount to 9 million dollars, which worsens the household economy. Despite having laws and policies on the right to food, a healthy environment (water), and opportunities for economic growth, these human rights are not fulfilled. The conclusion is that it is necessary to use a health and agroecological model to promote public policies (health, environment, and economy) that aims to prevent the discussed issues, with multidisciplinary and intersectoral interventions (government, academia, researchers, civil society organizations, industry, and population). This upholds the human right that all people should enjoy an adequate, healthy environment and have access to high-quality food.

scholarly journals Food Security, Environmental Health, and the Economy in Mexico: Lessons Learned with the COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Monroy-Torres PhD ◽  
Erika Carcaño-Valencia ◽  
Marco Hernández-Luna ◽  
Alex Caldera-Ortega ◽  
Alma Serafín- Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Climate Change Management ◽  
The Right

In Mexico, it is estimated that due to the economic system the overexploitation of natural resources, environmental impacts and health have been generated, with high rates of overweight and obesity. This review analyzes the impacts on food safety, environmental health, and the economy in Mexico before and during the COVID-19 contingency. Derived from the analysis, among the lessons learned we can include: the health contingency due to COVID-19 had negative repercussions on food security, environmental health and the economy, which require the promotion of public policies (health, environment and economy) and migrate to a health prevention system and an agroecological model, which includes multidisciplinary and intersectoral interventions (government, academia, researchers, civil society organizations, business groups and citizens themselves) to reform and enforce the right to enjoy adequate food and a healthy environment. The contingency due to COVID19 has shown us that this must go from an ideology to being a reality and the lessons learned will have to focus on promoting an innovative and ethical culture of generating an economy, with a gender balance, resilience to climate change, management transparent technology and a priority in health and this will lead to progress in the food security of the population.

METODOLOGÍAS DE MEDICIÓN DE LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA NUTRICIONAL EN LA REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Flor Feuermann ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Argentine Republic ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Introduction: food is a human right and a basic need for their subsistence and development. enough food is produced worldwide to supply all inhabitants and satisfy their caloric and nutritional needs. But the mere fact of producing them does not ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all. Therefore, the correct measurement of nutritional food insecurity is essential for a better understanding of this phenomenon, allowing better communication between society, decision-makers and the political agenda. Objectives: analyze the strengths and limitations of the methodologies used to measure nutritional food security in the Argentine Republic between 1984 and 2017. Materials and methods: a systematic review of articles published in five electronic databases was carried out: Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, BVS and Redalyc. The categories analyzed were the nutritional food security measurement methodologies (when people enjoy food security in addition to a healthy environment, as well as adequate health, education and care), with their type of technique, level, duration and dimension evaluated, limitations and strengths. The search terms used were food insecurity, food security, hunger, food sovereignty, food policy, food availability, nutritional programs, nutritional policies and food assistance. Results: after the search, 22 articles were selected for analysis. Conclusions: all the methodologies analyzed take partial aspects. A methodology has not yet been developed that reflects the multisectoral (food, agricultural, governmental, economic, social, etc.) and multidimensional (access, availability, use and stability) nature of the concept of nutritional food security. Having an adequate measurement of nutritional food security is essential to assess the state of nutritional food insecurity in the Argentine Republic, the government policies that are developed under this concept and verify its impact on the health and nutrition of the Argentine population. Key words: food security; food insecurity; hunger; nutrition policy; Argentina.

A Participatory Food Costing Model: In Nova Scotia

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Williams ◽  
Michelle Amero ◽  
Barbara Anderson ◽  
Doris Gillis ◽  
Rebecca Green-Lapierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Knowledge Mobilization ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Productive Research ◽  
The Many

In recognition of the growing challenge that food insecurity has on population health, a multisectoral partership in Nova Scotia has been working since 2001 to address province-wide accessibility to a nutritious diet. The participatory food costing (PFC) model has been at the forefront of provincial and national efforts to address food insecurity; a local foods component was incorporated in 2004. This model has engaged community partners, including those affected by food insecurity, in all stages of the research, thereby building capacity at multiple levels to influence policy change and food systems redesign. By putting principles of participatory action research into practice, dietitians have contributed their technical, research, and facilitation expertise to support capacity building among the partners. The PFC model has provided people experiencing food insecurity with a mechanism for sharing their voices. By valuing different ways of knowing, the model has faciliated muchneeded dialogue on the broad and interrelated determinants of food security and mobilized knowledge that reflects these perspectives. The development of the model is described, as are lessons learned from a decade of highly productive research and knowledge mobilization that have increased stakeholders’ understanding of and involvement in addressing the many facets of food security in Nova Scotia.

scholarly journals Globally Securing Food in an Insecure World – Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Food

This paper looks into the necessity of a global governance system for food security from a "humane" side, with a focus on countries and MNCs. It also explores potential mechanisms to drive MNCs involvement in the global governance of food security into a more inclusive path. Furthermore, the paper explores a more sustainable side to globally governing food security. All in all, this paper calls for the reshaping of a global governance system that better matches the root causes of food insecurity, rather than tries to solve hunger with food aid and provision. The solution starts with asking the right questions. The global governance system should adopt a sole human rights framework while addressing food insecurity. It should acknowledge that questions such as “for whose benefit?” is just as important as “how to produce more?”. Although effective, International Governmental Organizations should further consider how global rules affect different people, who will bear the risks, who will get the benefits from changes, who remain disempowered, and whose ability to control is neglected or enhanced. Global food policy should not just be feeding people, but rather feeding them equitably, appropriately, and sustainably. This brings about a new global food regime that’s integrative of the human right to food.

scholarly journals The review on the smallholder Farmers’ Food security and Conflict in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Chayot Gatdet
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Irrigation Practice ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Access To Food

The growing food insecurity in Ethiopia is exceedingly associated with the prevalence of conflict. Thus, the main aim of this paper was to review food security in the context of conflict in Ethiopia. The data of the paper were collected using an intensive literature review of the relevant documents. In the paper, conflict is the cause and the result of food insecurity. Hence, the predominance of conflict, periodic drought, deficiency of infrastructure amenities, human population pressure and traditional farming were the main causes of food insecurity in Ethiopia. More than the rests, the prevalence of conflict affects food security severely. It disrupts food production, reduces the nutrition status, retards access to food and increases the population displacement in the country. Therefore, addressing the situation of food insecurity and conflict requires the involvement of all Ethiopian communities, civil society organizations, governmental organizations and NGOs by increasing the non-farm activities, promoting family-based economics, strengthening the irrigation practice and improving the conflict management techniques.

scholarly journals Bringing home the right to food in Canada: challenges and possibilities for achieving food security

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Rideout ◽  
Graham Riches ◽  
Aleck Ostry ◽  
Don Buckingham ◽  
Rod MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
The Right ◽  
Social Safety Nets

AbstractWe offer a critique of Canada's approach to domestic food security with respect to international agreements, justiciability and case law, the breakdown of the public safety net, the institutionalisation of charitable approaches to food insecurity, and the need for ‘joined-up’ food and nutrition policies. We examined Canada's commitments to the right to food, as well as Canadian policies, case law and social trends, in order to assess Canada's performance with respect to the human right to food. We found that while Canada has been a leader in signing international human rights agreements, including those relating to the right to food, domestic action has lagged and food insecurity increased. We provide recommendations for policy changes that could deal with complex issues of state accountability, social safety nets and vulnerable populations, and joined-up policy frameworks that could help realise the right to adequate food in Canada and other developed nations.

Capacity building and personal empowerment: participatory food costing in Nova Scotia, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-330
Author(s):  
Hiliary Monteith ◽  
Barbara Anderson ◽  
Patricia L Williams
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Personal Empowerment ◽  
Individual Capacity

Abstract Food insecurity impacts millions of people globally. It has been recognized as a priority and a human right by the United Nations where empowerment of women is identified as a significant goal in addressing food insecurity. In the Maritime Province of Nova Scotia (NS), Canada, more than one in five children live in food insecure households. Since 2002, participatory action research (PAR) has been an integral component of food costing in NS with an aim to support capacity building for food security. Building on earlier research that examined short-term outcomes, and recognizing a lack of research examining outcomes of PAR processes, this study aimed to explore the medium-term individual capacity building processes and outcomes of women involved in Participatory Food Costing (PFC). Findings revealed that capacities were built with respect to interrelated themes of ‘awareness, participation, personal development, readiness to change, political impact, influence on others, self-esteem, project growth and project continuity’. In addition, the involvement of these women in PFC resulted in both personal empowerment and food security-related policy change. Involving vulnerable populations through PAR is valuable in influencing health-related policy.

scholarly journals ÍNDICE DE EFETIVIDADES DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR PARA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO SUDOESTE PAULISTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
Daiane Roncato Cardozo ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Orianni e Paulillo ◽  
Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo Almeida ◽  
Herick Fernando Moralles
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Southwest Region

O trabalho tem objetivo de avançar na construção de um novo índice de efetividades de políticas públicas (EPP) de segurança alimentar (SA) para agricultores familiares da região sudoeste paulista. Foi utilizada a técnica de análise fatorial a partir de um conjunto de variáveis com aderência teórica e metodológica à SA dos agricultores familiares, pressupondo que a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA) possui limitações analíticas. Constata que uma elevação de 1% no EPP acarreta um aumento de aproximadamente 0,51% no índice de SA para a agricultura familiar; e 1% na renda total eleva em 0,26% o indicador de SA. Conclui que de forma similar, os indivíduos com acesso ao mercado institucional possuem um nível de SA 15% acima da média. A aplicação e a análise do índice UFSCar mostraram que também é possível comparar impactos para agricultores familiares de outras regiões no Brasil.Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento territorial. Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. Políticas públicas. Renda agrícola. Análise fatorial ortogonal.INDEX OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICIES OF FOOD SECURITY FOR FAMILY FARMING IN SOUTHWEST OF SÃO PAULOAbstractThe work aims to advance the construction of a new index of public policies effectiveness (PPE) food security(FS) for family farmers in the southwest region of São Paulo. The factor analysis technique was used from a set of variables with theoretical and methodological adherence to the FS of family farmers, assuming that the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale(BFIS) has analytical limitations. Notes that a 1% increase in the PPE leads to an increase of approximately 0.51% in the FS to family farming; and 1% in total income increases 0,26% the FS indicator. It concludes that similarly, individuals with access to theinstitutional market have an FS level 15% above the average. The application and analysis of the UFSCar index showed that it is also possible to compare impacts for family farmers from other regions in Brazil.Keywords: Territorial development. Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Public policies. Agricultural income. Orthogonal factorial analysis.

Food insecurity transitions among rural households in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Adeola Obayelu ◽  
Emem Ime Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Food Expenditure

Food insecurity dynamics of rural households in Nigeria was assessed using a panel data. Results showed that 44.4% of households that were food secure in the first panel transited into food insecurity in the second panel, while 32.5% that were mildly food insecure transited into food security. Furthermore, 25.7% transited from moderate food insecurity to food security, while 38.2% transited from severe food insecurity to food security. About 35.1% of households were never food insecure; 11.4% exited food insecurity 28.0% entered food insecurity; while 25.48% remained always food insecure. Having primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, household size, share of non-food expenditure and farm size explained food insecurity transition. However, the likelihood of a household being always food insecure was explained by gender, female-to-male-adult ratio, marital status, primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, share of non-food expenditure, farm size, access to credit and access to remittance.

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