scholarly journals Integrated Reporting as an Academic Research Concept in the Area of Business

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7741
Author(s):  
José Navarrete-Oyarce ◽  
Juan Alejandro Gallegos ◽  
Hugo Moraga-Flores ◽  
José Luis Gallizo
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Research Concept ◽  
Financial Scandals ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
High Level

Recent financial scandals and the global financial crisis have generated numerous criticisms of the value and use of annual financial and sustainability reports prepared by companies. This has generated the elaboration and use of a new model of corporate-information reporting that considers strategic, social, economic, and environmental aspects. This study synthesizes the knowledge of the use of integrated reporting as a source of information, and bibliometrically analyzes of 268 articles published in the Web of Science database in 2011–2019. Results show that 77.6% of the academic articles were from developed countries, and the five most influential countries are Italy, South Africa, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Results show that the development of this type of research is scarce in emerging economies. The most influential authors are García, Rodríguez, and De Villiers. A high level of interconnections is observed in used keywords, of which the most used are ‘sustainability’ and ‘management’. Lastly, this article contributes to the international discussion on integrated reporting by carrying out a structured review of the literature, highlighting previous research.

Central Banks and Their Limits in a Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Christian Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ambiguous Situation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This chapter details the reactions of central banks to the current Covid-19 pandemic and contrasts them with their monetary policy operations during normal (non-crisis) times and their reactions to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2007–2009. It situates the response of central banks in Asia within a global context, examining and comparing the responses of central banks in the United States, the Euro area, the United Kingdom, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong. Moreover, the chapter explains why this crisis is unprecedented, making it dangerous in terms of financial stability and state finances and difficult for central banks to return to normality. In the current crisis, central banks find themselves in an ambiguous situation. On the one hand, they are better prepared than they were thirteen years ago when the GFC erupted. On the other hand, relying on experience from the GFC comes with risks. No two crises are ever the same, and this is especially true for the Covid-19 pandemic. Financial markets and economies are not the triggers of this crisis as they were in many previous crises when central banks had to react swiftly and forcefully; instead, they have fallen victim to a calamity that paralyzes society, trade, and business globally.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL REFORMS OF THE BANKING SECTOR - REGULATORY APPROACHES AND IMPLICATIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Jelena Radojičić ◽  
Borko Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Volcker Rule ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyzes alternative regulatory approaches for structural reforms of the banking sector, triggered by the global financial crisis. The structural bank regulation measures proposed or adopted in several jurisdictions are based on the Volcker Rule in the United States, Vickers Commission's proposals in the United Kingdom and Liikanen Report in the EU. Despite the different approaches by legislaturess, structural reforms have the same goal – a more resilient financial system. Their common element is to draw a line between commercial banking and  certain investment banking activities,, whose combination is seen as a source of systemic risk. Structural reforms are designed to reduce the implicit government guarantees and moral hazard of banks.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Effects of 2008 Global Crises on Transition Economies using Cluster Analysis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Özer ◽  
Adem Türkmen ◽  
Bülent Diclehan Çadırcı
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Domestic Savings ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
High Level

In 2008 the global financial crisis on economic conjuncture had affected on not only developed and developing countries but also remarkably on transition economies. Effects of financial crisis in 2008 showed up impacts on developed countries in 2008, on the other hand, it is known that the reflection of crisis has emerged in 2009. In this study, it is examined that transition economies has moved different depends on time, additionally the phenomenon of facing crisis has followed heterogeneous patterns transition economies in 2009 the while transition economies has seemed as showing homogenous economic performances/movements on either specification or previously their structure. It is analysed in three cluster using classification of chosen countries. Among chosen countries, taking place in same cluster Belarus, Cambodia, Kazakhstan, Lao, Latonia, Lithuania, Romania and Russia between 2007 and 2010 have responded similar to both input and output of crisis. Moreover, the cluster for Kirgizstan, Macedonia and Moldova is determined as the most moving group between clusters and this group, which moved homogeneously within cluster, is affected on crisis differed from other countries. The cluster analysis has been investigated with 20 transition economies has appropriate data and it is determined that the relatively low level of current account economies has weak impact on the crisis contagion; while the exit from crisis is created stronger effects in the relatively high level of domestic savings economies.

Financial Turbulence and Crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caner Bakir ◽  
Sinan Akgunay ◽  
Mehmet Kerem Coban
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

Why do financial turbulence and crises occur? What are different types of financial crises? Why do different countries experience financial crises, while some are more resilient? These are intriguing questions that relate to financial turbulence and crisis. The financial system is inherently susceptible to turbulence and crises: The world has witnessed several rounds of financial turbulence since the early 2000s. The 2008 global financial crisis and the worldwide financial turbulence that took place following the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic are examples. Periods of financial turbulence relate to heightened uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, and some of those periods can trigger financial crises. It is puzzling that although some countries can weather financial turbulence without falling into a financial crisis, others do not. This was observed during the global financial crisis. For example, financial turbulence triggered a financial crisis in some of the liberal market economies such as the United States and the United Kingdom. In contrast, Australia and Canada remained relatively resistant to financial turbulence. The existing literature tends to justify how and why a period of financial turbulence resulted in a financial crisis by looking at individual structural-, institutional-, or actor-level factors. In addition to the independent (separate) effects of these three principal explanatory factors, there is a need for detecting and analyzing their individual; interactive; and/or cumulative structural, institutional, and agential explanatory factors at work. Thus, it is crucial to explore some of the interrelated dynamics informing agency behavior which generate socioeconomic outcomes. Specifically, we call for a rigorous and refined analysis of how and why complementarities and enabling conditions that stem from interactions between structural and institutional factors influence actors’ agency and socioeconomic/political outcomes.

Ocena antykryzysowej polityki gospodarczej Stanów Zjednoczonych i wybranych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej w latach 2005–2014

2016 ◽  
pp. 26-46
Author(s):  
Marcin Jan Flotyński
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Domestic Products

The global financial crisis in 2007–2009 began a period of high volatility on the financial markets. Specifically, it caused an increased amplitude of fluctuations of the level of gross domestic products, the level of investment and consumption and exchange rates in particular countries. To address the adverse market circumstances, governments and central banks took actions in order to bolster the weakening global economy. The aim of this article is to present the anti-crisis actions in the United States and selected member states of the European Union, including Poland, and an assessment of their efficiency. The analysis conducted indicates that generally the actions taken in the United States in response to the crisis were faster and more adequate to the existing circumstances than in the European Union.

A Global Perspective on Securitized Debt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L Schwarcz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Capital Markets Union ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Asset Backed Securities ◽  
The Eu

Securitisation represents a significant worldwide source of capital market financing. European investors commonly invest in asset-backed securities issued in U.S. securitisation transactions, and vice versa One of the key goals of the European Commission's proposed Capital Markets Union (CMU) is to further facilitate securitisation as a source of capital market financing as a viable alternative to bank-based finance for companies operating in the EU. To that end, this chapter explains securitisation and attempts to put its rise, its decline after the global financial crisis, and its recent CMU-inspired revival into a global perspective. It examines not only securitisation's relationship to the financial crisis but also post-crisis comparative regulatory approaches in the EU and the United States.

scholarly journals U.S. Economic Uncertainty Shocks and China’s Economic Activities: A Time-Varying Perspective

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110326
Author(s):  
Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Common Shocks ◽  
Uncertainty Shocks ◽  
Intensive Intervention ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This paper presents new empirical evidence concerning the time-varying responses of China’s macroeconomy to U.S. economic uncertainty shocks through a novel TVP-VAR model. The results robustly reveal that a rise in U.S. economic uncertainty would exert sizable, persistent, and significant detrimental effects on China’s gross domestic product (GDP), price level, and short-term interest rate during the period when common shocks take place, such as the global financial crisis around 2008, whereas small and transient effects in the tranquil times. Therefore, China should diversify its international linkages and gradually reduce the dependence on the United States into a certain range to shield the domestic economy, as well as improve the independence of monetary policy. Furthermore, to withstand unfavorable external shocks, China should be prudent on greater opening-up and carry out more intensive intervention when common shocks hit the world economy. Finally, investors should be alert to the potential detrimental impact of U.S. economic uncertainty on Chinese assets’ fundamentals.

Financial Crises in American History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Nitschke ◽  
Mark Rose
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
American History ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Changing Economy ◽  
Political Design

U.S. history is full of frequent and often devastating financial crises. They have coincided with business cycle downturns, but they have been rooted in the political design of markets. Financial crises have also drawn from changes in the underpinning cultures, knowledge systems, and ideologies of marketplace transactions. The United States’ political and economic development spawned, guided, and modified general factors in crisis causation. Broadly viewed, the reasons for financial crises have been recurrent in their form but historically specific in their configuration: causation has always revolved around relatively sudden reversals of investor perceptions of commercial growth, stock market gains, monetary availability, currency stability, and political predictability. The United States’ 19th-century financial crises, which happened in rapid succession, are best described as disturbances tied to market making, nation building, and empire creation. Ongoing changes in America’s financial system aided rapid national growth through the efficient distribution of credit to a spatially and organizationally changing economy. But complex political processes—whether Western expansion, the development of incorporation laws, or the nation’s foreign relations—also underlay the easy availability of credit. The relationship between systemic instability and ideas and ideals of economic growth, politically enacted, was then mirrored in the 19th century. Following the “Golden Age” of crash-free capitalism in the two decades after the Second World War, the recurrence of financial crises in American history coincided with the dominance of the market in statecraft. Banking and other crises were a product of political economy. The Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2008 not only once again changed the regulatory environment in an attempt to correct past mistakes, but also considerably broadened the discursive situation of financial crises as academic topics.

scholarly journals International Student Transitions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sharif Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The U.S

Andrade and James Hartshorn (2019) surrounds the transition that international students encounter when they attend universities in developed countries in pursuit of higher education. Andrade and James Hartshorn (2019) describe how some countries like Australia and the United Kingdom host more international students than the United States (U.S.) and provides some guidelines for the U.S. higher education institutions to follow to host more international students. This book contains seven chapters.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and performance of listed commercial banks in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-687
Author(s):  
Sam Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Relationship

The global financial crisis of 2008 that resulted in the collapse of many financial institutions in the United States (US) and Europe have resulted in debates over the failures of corporate governance structures to properly protect investors. The main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between corporate governance and performance of listed commercial banks in South Africa. The results of the study indicated a statistically positive significant relationship between board size, proportion of non-independent and non-executive directors and bank performance. The results of the rest of the corporate governance indicators are mixed when using different performance measurement variables.

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