Financial Development and Renewables in Southeast Asian Countries—The Role of Organic Waste Materials

This paper aims to fill the existing gap by investigating the linkage between organic waste materials, financial development and renewables in Southeast Asia; this is the very first study covering this area. Using panel data of ten economies in this area in the period of 1990–2016 and estimating the advanced regression method in statistics of pooled mean group (PMG) estimates, the paper aims to examine the panel unit root tests in the first and second generations, as well as cointegration tests followed by Pedroni, Kao, and Westerlund tests; the results demonstrate that there is a negative impact from financial development on renewables. Further, biofuel processing is consistent with renewables that are predominantly made from organic matter and wastes. In addition, biofuel sources can be proxied by three factors, namely agricultural land, forest land, and number of heads of cattle livestock. The agricultural land has a negative and statistically significant impact on renewables while cattle livestock has a positive effect in the long run. Additionally, a higher level of trade openness has a lower level of renewables in the case of Southeast Asian countries.

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The Effect of International Trade on Food Security at Southeast Asian Countries

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ◽

10.37394/232015.2020.16.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Food Security ◽

Panel Data ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

For decades, although the world has made significant progress in the fight against hunger, food insecurity has been considered as the top concern of countries, especially developing countries. In this study, we use panel data of 10 Southeast Asian countries for the period from 2000-2015 to evaluate the effect of international trade on food security. Applying panel data regression methods such as fixed effects model (FE), random effects model (RE), and feasible generalized least squares model (FGLS), the results show the positive impact of international trade on food security on all three aspects of food availability, stability, and access at each country. Besides, other factors such as agricultural productivity, the share of agricultural land over the total land area, percentage of farmers in total population, and inflation also affect to food security of Southeast Asian countries on several aspects. Based on the results, we propose some policy implications for Southeast Asian countries to deal with food insecurity problems.

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Does financial development improve human capital accumulation in the Southeast Asian countries?

Cogent Business & Management ◽

10.1080/23311975.2021.1932245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1932245

Author(s):

Duc Hong Vo ◽

Ngoc Phu Tran ◽

Ha Minh Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Financial Development ◽

Capital Accumulation ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Human Capital Accumulation ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

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Obesity and overweight issues could undermine Malaysia’s competitiveness

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare ◽

10.1108/ijhrh-09-2017-0050 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 204-213

Author(s):

Hasliza Hassan ◽

Abu Bakar Sade ◽

Muhammad Sabbir Rahman

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Average Weight ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Obese People ◽

Content Type ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

Purpose The Malaysian lifestyle has been undergoing changes over time. With better socio-economic conditions, Malaysians tend to consume more food today than they did previously. Excessive intakes of high calorie foods combined with little daily physical activity have led to increased numbers of overweight and obese people in the population. The purpose of this paper is to compare the incidence of overweight and obesity in the population in Malaysia with other Southeast Asian countries. Design/methodology/approach Data for this research were based on secondary data of average weight, overweight and obese people for populations in the Southeast Asian countries. The analysis for this research focused on the population in Malaysia and compared it with populations from neighboring countries. Findings The population in Malaysia was ranked the second highest in the number of overweight and obese people in the Southeast Asian region. In addition, the rate of increase overweight and obese people in the population of Malaysia was found to be the highest in the region. Since the percentage of overweight and obese people had increased consistently from 2010 to 2014, there was a high possibility that the momentum would continue into the following few years. Originality/value Being overweight and obese was not desirable by the majority of people as it could lead to various health diseases and psychological problems. Unfortunately, the percentage of overweight and obese people in Malaysia seems to be increasing. Improved socio-economic conditions have increased the amount of food normally consumed by people. Although many people were found to be aware of the negative impact of being overweight and obese, the majority of them did not seem to take the initiative to reduce their body weight. This research is expected to create awareness of the alarming rate of increase in the number of overweight and obese people in Malaysia in order to encourage a healthier lifestyle.

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MACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF TAX REVENUE AND TAX EFFORT IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES

Journal of Developing Economies ◽

10.20473/jde.v6i2.29439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

Prianto Budi Saptono ◽

Gustofan Mahmud

Keyword(s):

Trade Openness ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Tax Revenue ◽

Fe Model ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Estimation Model ◽

Tax Effort ◽

Macroeconomic Indicators ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

This paper analyzes macroeconomic indicators that determine tax revenues in six Southeast Asian countries during 2008 – 2019. The estimation results are then used to predict the value of taxable capacity to construct the deal of tax effort. Using the FE model equipped with the Driscoll-Kraay standard errors, this study finds positive and significant effects of per capita income, manufacturing, and trade openness on the actual tax-to-GDP ratio and tax effort. In contrast, inflation is considered a different determinant because of its insignificant effect on the two measures of tax performance. In addition, the authors also classify countries into three other groups based on the actual level of tax revenue and the effort put into collecting taxes. The benchmarks used to rank countries are all sample countries’ median substantial tax revenue and the tax effort index 1. Regardless of the classification, several policy implications are offered to increase tax collection productivity by focusing on the revenue bases used in the estimation model. Keywords: Tax Revenue, Tax Capacity, Tax Effort, Southeast Asia, Panel DataJEL: H2, O1, O2

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THE IMPACT OF TAX CUT ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: A CASE STUDY IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES

INFO ARTHA ◽

10.31092/jia.v4i1.618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 13-27

Author(s):

Rusman Affandi Nasution

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Control Variable ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Asian Countries ◽

The Impact ◽

Southeast Asian Countries

In this paper, we have examined the impact of tax cut on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Southeast Asian countries as a response to the debatable issue of the relationship between tax cut policy and FDI. We use corruption perception index and government effectiveness as the control variable, as well as other economic and demographic variables such as GDP growth, tax revenue, inflation, unemployment and population growth. Using Fixed Effect Model on panel data for a period of 1997-2016 adopted from World Bank, UNCTAD, and various websites, our findings suggest that in Southeast Asian countries, even though corporate tax cut policy gives a negative effect on FDI, this tax cut policy is not the main factor that induce investors. It is trade openness and GDP growth which become the reasons for investors to invest in this region. Moreover, the effect of government performance has played pivotal role in attracting FDI inflows.

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