scholarly journals Social-Environmental Conflicts in Chile: Is There Any Potential for an Ecological Constitution?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12701
Author(s):  
Maite Berasaluce ◽  
Pablo Díaz-Siefer ◽  
Paulina Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
Marcelo Mena-Carrasco ◽  
José Tomás Ibarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Constitutional Convention ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Territorial Rights ◽  
Social Environmental

Social unrest is on the rise worldwide amid deepening inequalities, environmental degradation, and job crises worsened by increasing social-environmental conflicts. In Chile, a social revolt in 2019 resulted in a national referendum in 2020. An ample majority (78.3% vs. 21.7%) voted to draft a new constitution to replace the current constitution drawn up under dictatorship. The result led to the emergence and empowerment of several organizations demanding an “ecological constitution”. In this context, we aim to analyze: (1) the main social-environmental conflicts in Chile and how they are related to the country’s current constitution, and (2) the potential drafting of an ecological constitution that addresses these conflicts. Across different industries in Chile, we observed common problems that are intrinsically related to the current constitution. This relationship seems to be perceived by Chilean citizens since a survey carried out in May 2021 found 79% support for an ecological constitution. Moreover, 105 of the 155 delegates to the constitutional convention proposed three or more environmental principles to be included in the new constitution. A potential ecological constitution entails principles that would improve the current situation of social-environmental conflicts in Chile. Based on our analysis, we recommend the establishment of watershed-based “territorial rights” in the new Chilean constitution to improve sustainability and environmental justice.

scholarly journals Neoextractivismo en América Latina y Colombia: una reflexión desde la ecología política

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-53
Author(s):  
Carolina Arias Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Social Environmental

En el artículo, se realiza una aproximación a la problemática del neoextractivismo en el siglo xxi desde la ecología política en el ámbito regional, nacional y local. En primer lugar, se presenta un panorama sobre las contradicciones del desarrollo neoextractivista en América Latina como expresión de la crisis multidimensional y la necesidad de búsqueda de alternativas. Enseguida, se examina la situación actual del neoextractivismo en Colombia, a partir del reconocimiento de los conflictos socioambientales y las luchas sociales por la justicia ambiental. Por último, se analiza el caso del municipio de Marmato (Colombia), lugar emblemático por la constante defensa del territorio como un patrimonio y un derecho.Palabras clave: neoextractivismo, ecología política, conflictos socioambientales, justicia ambiental. AbstractNeo-extractivism in Latin America and Colombia: a political ecology reflexion In this article an approach is performed to the problematic of neoextractivism in the 21st century at a regional, national and local level from the political ecology view. In the first place, it presents a panorama on the contradictions of the neo-extractivist development in Latin America, as an expression of the multidimensional crisis and the needing to search for alternatives. Next, it examines the current situation of neo-extractivism in Colombia from the * Estudiante del doctorado en Estudios del Desarrollo de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (México). Correo electrónico: [email protected] Controversia 207 abril 2018.indd 17 6/25/2018 8:20:18 PM 18 Controversia 208 recognition of the social-environmental conflicts and social struggles for environmental justice. Finally, the paper analyzes the case of the municipality of Marmato (Colombia), emblematic in the defense of the territory as a heritage and a right.Keywords: neo-extractivism, political ecology, social-environmental conflicts, environmental justice.

scholarly journals CONTAMINAÇÃO DO SOLO E CONFLITOS: O CASO DA EMPRESA CENTRESDOI: 10.5773/rgsa.v4i3.332

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Finamore
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The City

Problemas de contaminação ambiental do solo, quando socialmente percebidos, geralmente suscitam conflitos socioambientais, tendo em vista as incertezas quanto aos seus possíveis riscos e impactos na saúde humana e nos ecossistemas. Além disso, tais problemas também evidenciam a distribuição desigual de riscos e impactos ambientais pela sociedade – sobrecarregando grupos sociais mais vulneráveis –, conforme articulado pela noção de (in)justiça ambiental. Desta forma, o presente artigo contextualiza a problemática da contaminação do solo no âmbito da gestão ambiental, ao mesmo tempo em que a relaciona com a ocorrência de conflitos socioambientais. Para tanto, utiliza-se como estudo de caso principal o evento de contaminação por resíduos industriais decorrente das ações da empresa CENTRES no município de Queimados, RJ. Ao final, ressalta-se a importância do reconhecimento da dimensão do conflito socioambiental inerente aos problemas de contaminação do solo, de maneira a estimular processos democráticos e participativos de gestão dos mesmos, incorporando os grupos sociais afetados em todas as etapas destes processos, e, assim, deslocar o problema do domínio meramente técnico-científico para um mais ampliado, que leve em consideração a perspectiva social. Palavras-chave: Contaminação do Solo; Conflitos Socioambientais; Gestão Ambiental; Justiça Ambiental. ABSTRACT Soil contamination is an environmental issue which often raises social environmental conflicts, mainly because of the uncertainties related to the risks and impacts to human health and the ecosystems. Besides, it also demonstrates the unequal distribution of risks and impacts through the society – affecting mainly certain social groups which are more vulnerable –, as shown by the notion of environmental justice. Therefore, the present paper gives us an overview of the soil contamination issue and its implications to the environmental management and, at the same time, it highlights the social environmental conflicts related. In this way, a case study is analyzed, the event of soil contamination by the CENTRES enterprise in the city of Queimados, RJ, Brazil. At the end, special emphasis is given to the necessity of recognizing the dimension of social environmental conflict which is inherent to the cases of soil contamination, in order to stimulate social participative approaches of management, incorporating the affected people in all of the stages. By doing so, the problem will be dislocated from the technical and scientific domain to an extended one, which takes into account social issues. Keywords:Soil Contamination; Social Environmental Conflicts; Environmental Management; Environmental Justice.

scholarly journals Dialogues between social and natural sciences: contribution to the debate on socio-environmental conflicts

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2335-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Milanez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mining Projects ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Social Environmental

ABSTRACT In this article, I argue that attempting to solve real problems is a possible approach to bring social and natural sciences together, and suggest that - as Environmental Impact Assessment necessarily brings together social and environmental issues - this debate is a strong candidate for such a task. The argument is based on a general discussion about the possibilities and limitations of Environmental Impact Assessments, the social-environmental impacts of mining activities and three case studies. The analysis of the cases indicates possibilities and limitations of the dialogue between scientists from various areas - and of the collaboration with social movements and affected communities - in avoiding negative impacts of mining projects and, eventually, increasing their sustainability.

scholarly journals SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN THE BASIN STREAM OF FERN, DISTRITO FEDERAL – BRASIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilton Goulart ◽  
Rafael Sanzio Araújo dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Social Environmental

The environmental thematic subject can also be seen under the optics of the conflict, since the natural resources are be objects of disputes and interests. The subjects of the environment can be classified according to types different from conflict and they elapse of the dispute or misunderstanding related with the exploration of the natural resources, tending to increase with the shortage and competition for the natural resource. In the end of the century 20 the conflicts related with environment began to be studied under that environmental vision.

scholarly journals The Social-Environmental Justice of Groundwater Governance

2016 ◽  
pp. 253-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian J. Neal ◽  
Francesca Greco ◽  
Daniel Connell ◽  
Julian Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Groundwater Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental

In the Shadow of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-72
Author(s):  
Christina Ergas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Metabolic Rift ◽  
Treadmill Of Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Autonomous Development

The prevailing notion of sustainable development has remained ineffective at reducing environmental degradation and social inequalities. The chapter argues that sustainable development, as it has been conceived, is actually a shell game for creating neocolonial dependency in the developing world rather than more sustainable, self-sufficient nations. This chapter explains the history of colonization and urbanization, contextualizing the problem of weak, neoliberal, sustainable development using social science environmental theories, such as climate denialism, ecofeminism, environmental justice, metabolic rift, and treadmill of production. It then provides an alternative, a radical sustainability that is at once socially and ecologically egalitarian, or transformative, and restores the health of people and the planet, or regenerative. These cases are presented as alternatives to sustainable development and as examples of radical sustainability and self-sufficient, autonomous development.

Masturbatory Ecologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-59
Author(s):  
Jeremy Chow
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Justice Movements ◽  
The Erotic

This essay considers how environmentalism can be interwoven with discourses of sexuality and the ways in which sexuality can participate in environmental justice movements. By thinking with provocative, erotic media that highlight environmental degradation, it marries investigations of ecological crisis at the hands of deforestation and porn studies with two aims. First, it highlights the fraught relationship a pornographic video aggregator like Pornhub might share with feminist and queer epistemologies. Second, it emphasizes the ecosexual nature of environmental justice by way of Pornhub’s Give America Wood initiative (2014) and the documentary Goodbye Gauley Mountain: An Ecosexual Love Story (2014). While Goodbye Gauley Mountain and Pornhub are incommensurate in many ways, together they demonstrate how masturbatory ecologies enable a relationship with the environment that can be both active, as in the film’s offering, and passive, as with Pornhub’s, and thus constitute a “perverted” environmental justice through the experience and demonstration of sexuality. A perverted environmental justice envisions a broader framework that recognizes the potential to actively and passively participate in environmental social justice while also enfolding the environment into sexual arrangements. “Masturbatory ecologies” thus signifies a self-gratifying mode of environmentalism that harnesses the self, the body, and the erotic to foster positive environmental world building in apocalyptic times.

New constitution will extend uncertainties in Chile

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Convention ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Content Type

Significance They also voted for the new constitution to be drawn up by a fully elected constitutional convention. The process will mean at least another 18 months of uncertainty, with elections on April 11, 2021, for the 155 members of the convention. Impacts Protests for change, marred by violence on the sidelines, will likely continue, although on a smaller scale. Coupled with uncertainty, protests may hamper efforts to revive an economy hit both by COVID-10 and social unrest. The convention will have to reach a two-thirds majority to approve each new clause of the constitution, to be drafted from scratch.

scholarly journals PALEONTOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: MAKING CONNECTIONS THROUGH POLITICAL ECOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Neves Silva ◽  
Angélica Cosenza
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Participatory Management ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Science

Abstract Far from studying only beings from the past, Paleontology is a current science which can situate human existence in the context of the global environmental crisis before inequalities and socio-environmental conflicts which occur in Brazilian paleontological sites. Aiming to discuss possible connections between Paleontology and Environmental Justice, this essay arises from a survey on environmental conflicts existing in the paleontological sites in Minas Gerais. Stemming from the issues found and the contribution of the Political Ecology theoretical framework, the struggle for territory and decoloniality is discussed as crucial dimensions for a view that seeks to restore the populations’ right to their (paleo) territories. The connections between these fields are presented here as references for the fight against the social inequalities found in paleontological sites, such as those in Minas Gerais, and for the inclusion of their communities in participatory management.

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