scholarly journals Growth of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Reared on Organic Side-Streams

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12953
Author(s):  
Laurens Broeckx ◽  
Lotte Frooninckx ◽  
Laurien Slegers ◽  
Siebe Berrens ◽  
Isabelle Noyens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Growth ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Highly Correlated

Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae may play a role in a circular economy by upcycling low-value organic streams into high value biomass. In this paper, the capacity of BSF larvae to process 12 organic side-streams (mono-streams) and two standard substrates (chicken start mash and Gainesville diet) was investigated. Survival, larval mass, feed conversion ratio, and waste reduction were evaluated in relation to the proximate composition of the side-streams used. Survival rates larger than 80% were observed for 10 of the organic mono-streams and the two standard substrates. Maximum mean larval weight ranged from 38.3 mg up to 176.4 mg regardless of high survival and was highly correlated with substrate crude protein content. Feed conversion ratio (range 1.58–8.90) and waste reduction (range 17.0–58.9%) were similar to values reported in other studies in the literature. On low protein substrates (e.g., apple pulp), survival rates remained high, however, possibly due to protein deficiency, limited larval growth was observed. It is concluded that several low value organic side-streams can successfully be processed by BSF larvae, thereby opening the possibility of lowering the costs of BSF farming. Potentially mixing nutritionally distinct mono-streams into a mixed substrate might improve BSF performance. However, more research is needed for optimizing diets to guarantee production of BSF larvae of constant yield and quality.

scholarly journals Effects of replacement of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal in the diets on growth performance of discus fish (Symphysodon sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Tu P. C. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beef Heart ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens

This study was conducted to evaluate the replacement of fishmeal by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) (BSF) meal, frozen beef heart, and commercial pellet on growth performance, survival rate, and feed utilization of discus fish (Symphysodon sp.). Discus juveniles were graded into small, medium and large size groups as block in a completely randomized block design. Five trial diets included frozen beef heart (T1), commercial feed for discus fish (T2) and three diets containing graded levels of BSF as replacements for protein from fishmeal of 0% (T3), 25% (T4), and 50% (T5). The results showed that TAN and nitrite levels in the beef heart treatment were higher than those in the other ones. Moreover, discus fish in treatment 1 had a higher growth rate and a lower feed conversion ratio than those in the other treatments. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences among the pellet treatments were observed for growth rates of discus's weight, length and height and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Moreover, the results showed that discus fish in the two BSF treatments did not suffer from diseases and had higher survival rates than those in the other treatments.

scholarly journals Suitability of artisanal fishery discards as feed for juvenile tub gurnard (Chelidonichthys lucerna L.) reared in sea bottom cages in the mid Adriatic Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
A. RONCARATI ◽  
F. MARIOTTI ◽  
A. FELICI ◽  
M. MELIGRANA ◽  
P. MELOTTI
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Artisanal Fishery ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Fishery Discards

The suitability of using discards from artisanal fisheries as feed for wild-caught Chelidonichthys lucerna (L.) reared in submerged cages in the Adriatic Sea was investigated. Three-hundred juvenile tub gurnard (72.9 ± 11 g, 18 ± 1 cm) were captured and separated into four circular 35.3 m3 submerged cages. Two stocking densities were used: two cages contained 60 fish each (1.7 fish m-3; CG-L) and two cages contained 90 fish each (2.55 fish m-3; CG-H). Growth performance and survival rates were recorded over a 240 day period during which tub gurnard were fed with a variety non-target fishery discards, including common crab, sardine, Atlantic chub mackerel, anchovy, and salema. The survival rate was approximately 90% in both groups (CG-L = 91% and CG-H = 90%), with final stocking densities of 0.32 kg m-3 and 0.49 kg m-3 for the CG-L and CG-H groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in final mean body weight or length between the CG-L group (206 ± 23 g, 24.6 ± 2 cm) and the CG-H group (215.5 ± 32 g, 24.8 ± 2 cm). The condition index was similar between the two groups (1.38 and 1.42 for CG-L and CG-H, respectively). The feed conversion ratio was high in both the CG-H (2.39) and CG-L (2.32) cages. These results demonstrate that viable growth rates of tub gurnard may be obtained by feeding recycled fishery discards and rearing in cages placed on the seabed, which allows for the natural benthic behavior of this species.

scholarly journals Effects of Low-Protein Diets and Exogenous Protease on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Intestinal Morphology, Cecal Volatile Fatty Acids and Serum Parameters in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gervais Ndazigaruye ◽  
Da-Hye Kim ◽  
Chang-Won Kang ◽  
Kyung-Rae Kang ◽  
Yong-Jin Joo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Protein

Dietary exogenous proteases (ENZ) can be used in poultry production to improve the growth of chickens fed low-protein (LP) diets. We hypothesized that ENZ supplemented in an LP diet would improve growth performance and physiological response in broilers for 8–35 days. To investigate this, we used a 2 × 2 factorial design with crude protein (CP, normal diet (NP) and LP) and ENZ. The LP diet contained low in 1% CP and ca. 8–12% amino acids compared to the NP diet and both NP and LP diets were added without or with (1 g/kg of diet) ENZ. We randomly allocated 720 1-week-old Ross 308 male chicks to 48 pens and experimental diets. At 21 days, dietary ENZ, but not CP, increased (p = 0.007) live body weight. Body weight gain from 8–21 days was affected (p = 0.006) by dietary ENZ, but was not affected (p = 0.210) by CP. The feed conversion ratio was affected by both CP and ENZ during the starter period (p < 0.05), by ENZ (p = 0.034) during the finisher period, and by CP (p < 0.001) during the whole period. However, the interaction between CP and ENZ did not significantly affect growth performance (p > 0.05). Dietary ENZ increased (p = 0.013) the relative weight of liver at 21 days. CP and ENZ affected (p = 0.043) total short-chain fatty acids at 21 days. However, this effect was not seen (p = 0.888) at 35 days. Dietary CP increased (p < 0.05) the serum concentrations of both uric acid and creatinine in broilers. We concluded that dietary ENZ is more beneficial to younger broilers, independent of CP levels, and that its effect was restricted to body weight and the feed conversion ratio.

Studies on the growth and carcass composition in Daldale wether lambs. 2. The effect of dietary protein/energy ratio

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
o Soeparn ◽  
HL Davies
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total N ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Energy

Two experiments on the effect of dietary protein/energy ration on growth and carcass composition in Daldale wether lambs were carried out.In experiment 1, two groups of eight lambs in each group were fed in pens at a restricted intake (30 g air-dry feed per kg liveweight) either on a high protein/high energy diet (HP/HER) (20.7% crude protein) or on a low protein/high energy diet (LP/HER) (10.3% crude protein). The lambs were grown from 24.8 kg liveweight until slaughter at 37.5 kg. In experiment 2, two groups of eight lambs in each group were fed in pens a pelleted diet ad libitum, either on a high protein/high energy ration (HP/HEA) or on a low protein/high energy ratio (LP/HEA). The lambs were grown from 22.0 � 0.8 kg liveweight until slaughter at 37.5 kg. Those lambs on the HP/HE diets grew significantly faster than their counterparts on the LP/HE diets. Accordingly, animals given the HP/HE diets showed a superior feed conversion ratio than animals given the LP/HE diets. Despite these differences, there was no overall differences between treatments either at restricted or at ad libitum intake in the weight of carcass, the dressing percentage, and in the chemical composition of the carcass. In general, the carcasses produced contained a similar amount of fat (30.6%-32.9% of carcass). It was concluded that varying protein to energy ratio in diets affected liveweight gain and feed conversion ratio, but did not affect carcass composition.An experiment was conducted on the diets to investigate some aspects of digestion in the stomach and intestines at the two levels of crude protein.Dietary crude protein level had little effect upon the apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre in the whole tract, the proportion of NDF digested in the stomach, the total volatile fatty acid concentration (VFA) in the rumen and the proportions of individual VFA.The flow of rates of digesta from the rumen and abomasum were also similar for the two diets. However, the proportion of the total digestion of OM occurring in the stomach decreased, while the flow of total N and crude protein (CP) (total N minus ammonia N x 6.25) to the intestines and the amounts of N and CP digested therein was higher on the HP diet.The data from the digestion experiment showed that the amount of digestible CP in the intestines per unit of digestible OM intake did not affect carcass composition.

DIETS AND DIETARY INGREDIENTS SELECTION BY BROILER CHICKEN: EFFECTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS QUALITY AND ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
G. E. Onibi ◽  
A. P. Owoyemi ◽  
O. O. Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Choice Feeding ◽  
Low Energy Diet

A total of 90day – old Hypeco broiler chicks were used in a choice-feeding trial to investigate whether meat-type chicken could select adequate nutrients that would support fast growth rate from a choice of imbalanced diet and feed ingredients. Three diets were used: a control diet (diet A= 200g/kg CP, 3031 kcal/kg ME) and two test diets; a low protein, high-energy diet (diet B=166g/kgCP, 3021 kcal/kg ME) and a low-protein, low-energy diet (diet C=168g/kgCP, 2838 kcal/kg ME). The diets were fed singly. The test diets were also used in a choice-feeding with ground maize and soya-bean meal (SBM). The study lasted for 5weeks and the response criteria included growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics, and economics of production. Weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P < 0.01) and (P < 0.001 respectively) influenced. Birds on the control diets had the highest weight gain and best feed conversion ratio. Birds on the low-protein, high-energy diet had performances not significantly (P > 0.05) lower than the control. The low-protein, low-energy diet depressed performance. Feeding the imbalanced diets (diets B and C) singly produced better performances than feeding them with a choice of dietary ingredients. Birds exhibited selection potentials by selecting the ground maize and SBM to compensate for deficiencies in the imbalanced diets but not at a level adequate enough to improve performances. Only the relative chest weight was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced amongst the carcass and organ weights measured. It decreased with decreasing feed quality. Economics of production showed that low quality and cheaper priced feeds do not necessarily give higher income and profit. The benefits of feeding single balanced diets and the possibility of decreasing the protein content of broiler finisher diets without compromising profits were revealed. It was suggested that broiler chicken appeared to select nutrients for maximize economic performance and that feed quality control should be enforced.

Effect of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) meals in the diet on the growth performance and carcass composition in broilers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
E. Petkov ◽  
M. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Formulated Diets ◽  
Improved Performance

The aim of the work was to assess the effect of dietary inclusion of meals derived from black soldier fly (BSF) larvae on the performance and carcass composition in broilers. The trial was carried out with Ross 308 broilers divided in three groups according to the formulated diets: control, receiving standard diet, DFBSFM (receiving 5% partially defatted BSF meal), and FFBSFM (receiving 5% full fat BSF meal during the growing-finishing period, 14 to 35 days of age). The performance parameters controlled included body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, as well as the growth rate for each week of the trial. At 35 days of age, 10 broilers from each group were slaughtered and subjected to carcass analysis. The inclusion of 5% DFBSFM and FFBSFM in the diet improved performance of the broilers at the age of 21 and 35 days. The carcass weight and dressing percentage were higher in the groups receiving the insect meals. The results indicate potential of the DFBSFM and FFBSFM to alter the carcass composition of the broilers. Their inclusion in the diet of the birds tended to increase the percentage of the breast cuts, whereas the thigh muscles significantly decreased. The results of the study suggest good prospective for further research with the examined BSF meals, for their application as feed components in broiler nutrition that will not have adverse effect on the carcass composition and quality.

PREDICTION OF DAILY GAIN, BACKFAT THICKNESS AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO AMONG CROSSBRED TERMINAL SIRES BETWEEN PUREBRED DUROC, PIETRAIN, AND LANDRACE BY CBE 4.0 SOFTWARE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (29) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Hop Van Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Huu Nguyen ◽  
Hoa Van Tran ◽  
Kinh Van La
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Development Center ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of the study is to compare the practical results with the predicted results by Crossbreeding Effects (CBE) software on pig crossbred based on daily gain, backfat thickness and feed conversion ratio. Another purpose of this study is to predict those three traits among some expected hybridization. This research was conducted on pig farm at Binh Thang Research and Development center from 2013 to 2017. In this study, for each pair of purebred Duroc and Pietrain, Duroc and Landrace, Pietrain and Landrace, twelve hybridizations were analyzed, nine unhybridizations were predicted by CBE software. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the predicted and actual data. With some unhybridization crossbred , the predictions showed high reliability (P<0.05). Based on the predicted data of CBE software , some traits of the crossbred animals would not be improved, therefore, it was not necessary to conduct these hybridizations

scholarly journals KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN SEKAM PADI YANG DIFERMENTASI EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM-4 (EM-4) DISUPLEMENTASI DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L) TERHADAP PERFORMANS DAN KARKAS ITIK BALI UMUR 22 MINGGU

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Partama I. B. G. ◽  
T. G. Belawa Yadnya ◽  
A. A. A. S. Trisnadewi ◽  
A. A. P. P. Wibawa ◽  
I. M. Mudita
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Effective Microorganism

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan sekam padi difermentasi larutan EffectiveMicroorganism-4 (EM-4) dalam ransum disuplementasi daun sirih (Piper betle L.) terhadap performans dan karkasitik bali betina, umur 22 minggu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan yaituransum tanpa sekam padi (A), ransum mengandung 12,50% sekam padi (B), ransum mengandung 12,50 % sekampadi difermentasi EM-4 (C), ransum mengandung 12,50% sekam padi dan daun sirih (D), serta ransum 12,50%sekam padi difermentasi EM-4 dan daun sirih (E). Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas empat ulangan dan setiap ulanganberisi lima ekor ituik bali betina, Variabel yang diamati konsumsi ransum, konsumsi antioksidan ransum, bobotbadan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, feed conversion ratio dan karkas meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas danpersentase karkas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 12,50 % sekam padi difermentasi EM-4 sertadisuplementasi daun sirih tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum(P>0,05), namun dapat menghasilkanbobot badan akhir, pertambahan bobot badan lebih tinggi (P<0,05), serta FCR yang lebih rendah (P<0,05) sertabobot karkas dan persentase karkas yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan yang lainnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwapemberian sekam padi yang difermentasi EM-4 serta disuplementasi daun sirih dapat memperbaiki performansdan karkas yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan yang lainnya.

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