scholarly journals What Affects the Production Technology of Labor-Intensive Agricultural Industries in the Context of Labor Aging? An Empirical Study Based on the Garlic Production in Lanling

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Fujia Sui ◽  
Yinsheng Yang ◽  
Shizhen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Agricultural Industries

While the aging of agricultural labor force and its impact on agricultural production have been attracting extensive attention, little is known about the relationship between aging of agricultural labor force and technical efficiency in the garlic production. Based on the survey data of garlic growers in Lanling County, Shandong Province, the Data envelopment analysis（DEA）model is used to measure the production technical efficiency of garlic growers in 84 villages in Lanling County, Shandong Province, with the aging of the labor force. The distribution characteristics and changing trends of garlic production technology efficiency are analyzed in terms of family characteristics and garlic planting characteristics, and regression analysis is performed on the differences of the results. The study found the following: (1) Garlic growers in Lanling County, Shandong Province, accounted for a high proportion of laborers over 60 years old, and their physical health status was weaker than that of young laborers, which reduced the technical efficiency of garlic planting and production. (2) The number of garlic varieties grown by garlic growers and the number of garlic planted in acres have a significant negative impact on the technical efficiency of garlic planting by farmers. (3) There is a significant positive correlation between the annual household income of farmers and the production technology efficiency of garlic growers; when the number of garlic training is not more than three times, it has a positive impact on the production technology efficiency of garlic planting by farmers, and more than three times are related to garlic production technology. The efficiency is negatively correlated.

scholarly journals Aging of Agricultural Labor Force and Technical Efficiency in Tea Production: Evidence from Meitan County, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Ruifa Hu ◽  
Xiaoke Zhu ◽  
Jinyang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
The Impact

While the aging of agricultural labor force and its impact on agricultural production have been attracting extensive attention, little is known about the relationship between aging of agricultural labor force and technical efficiency in tea production. Using the stochastic frontier analysis and cross-sectional survey data covering 241 tea-producing farmers in Meitan County in China, this study attempts to investigate the impact of aging of tea-producing farmers on technical efficiency in tea production in the mountainous areas of southwestern China. The results show that the average technical efficiency in tea production is 0.581, implying a great room for improving technical efficiency in tea production in Meitan County. While there might exist an inverted U-shaped relationship between farmers’ age and technical efficiency, the aging of tea-producing farmers would exert negative impact on technical efficiency in tea production. In addition, rural–urban migration experience, number of household laborers, distance from home to village committee, and township location are also significantly related with technical efficiency. The findings in this study are proved to be robust. Hence, several policy implications for meeting the challenges from aging of agricultural labor force and improving technical efficiency in tea production in the mountainous areas of southwestern China are also discussed.

scholarly journals Performance of Village Unit Co-Operatives in Yogyakarta Special Region: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 067
Author(s):  
Abi Pratiwa Siregar ◽  
Jamhari Jamhari ◽  
Lestari Rahayu Waluyati
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Rice Milling ◽  
Special Region

This study assessed the performance of 32 village unit co-operatives (KUD) in Yogyakarta Special Region during 2011 to 2012. The efficiency level of the KUD were evaluated by employing the data envelopment analysis and multiple regression analysis using panel data to determine the factors affecting efficiency level. Efficiency analysis was decomposed into three dimensions to explore possible sources of inefficiency. According to Marwa and Aziakpono (2016), the first dimension was technical efficiency, which explored the overall effectiveness of transforming the productive inputs into desired outputs compared to the data-driven frontier of best practice. The second dimension was pure technical efficiency, which captured managerial efficiency in the intermediation process. The third dimension was scale efficiency, which explored whether KUD were operating in an optimal scale of operation or not. The results found that the average scores are 64%, 92%, and 68% for technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency respectively in 2011, while in 2012 the average scores are 57%, 94%, and 60% for technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency. Factors having significantly positive impact on several measures of efficiency are incentive and dummy variables (agriculture inputs and hand tractor). Accounts receivable only has positive relationship to pure technical efficiency. On the other hand, rice milling unit and electricity services have negative impact with several measures of efficiency.

scholarly journals Women's Civil and Political Rights in Lebanon and France and Their Impact on Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Mahmoud MOURAD ◽  
Rim FARHAT
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Civil And Political Rights ◽  
The Right

This study carried out a quantitative analysis of several variables in both Lebanon and France. Specific aspects related to education, unemployment, vulnerable employment, gender gap, and participation in parliamentary life were studied. We started from the rationale that human rights necessitate that human beings so it is imperative that each individual enjoy civil and political rights, which means in addition to the right to life and the right equality, there should be the right to the legal recognition and participation in public life whether through employment or elections. These rights have been recognized by the international human rights laws, mainly in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by United Nations and by the existing local laws both in Lebanon and France.The tests of homogeneity for the panel data models from Lebanon and France have been implemented carefully considering the linear relationship between the real GDP as a dependent variable  and three of the independent variables consisting of the rate of women teachers in the secondary education , the rate of female to male ratio in labor force participation , the rate of women’s vulnerability to risks in the female labor force . The study demonstrated the importance of the Random Effects Model (REM) using the the log-transformed data. The study revealed a positive impact of both  and  on the real GDP  while the variable  has a negative impact both in Lebanon and France during the period (2008-2017).

scholarly journals Women Labor Force Participation and Governance in Developing Economies: A Panel Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Mabrooka Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Female Labor

The current study empirically investigates the relationship among female labor force participation and governance in developing nations, using panel data of 62 developing countries, from year 1996 to 2016. The two variables taken as dependent variables are women labor force participation and governance. Results of GMM estimation showed that there is positive association between women labor force participation and governance. Education, GDP per capita, and globalization has positive, while income inequality has negative impact on governance. Similarly, education, fertility rate and rural population has negative, and globalization has positive impact on female labor force participation. So, it is concluded that the importance of governance and women labor force participation cannot be refused in terms of growth enhancement, which will consequently improve the social and economic conditions of developing countries.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Efficiency of Nationwide Commercial Banks in China Based on an SBM-Undesirable Model and DEA Window Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lei Guo ◽  
Sanggyun Na ◽  
Xianhua Tan ◽  
Pengfei Gui ◽  
Congchong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Bank Efficiency ◽  
Window Analysis ◽  
Income Ratio

In recent years, Chinese economic development has slowed down and competition in the financial industry has become increasingly fierce. The purpose of this paper is to study the efficiency characteristics of China’s banking industry in the new environment and provide suggestions for banks to improve efficiency. This paper uses a data envelopment analysis (DEA) SBM-undesirable model and window analysis to measure the technical efficiency of 13 nationwide commercial banks in China during the period from 2008 to 2017. Furthermore, the convergence characteristics of bank technical efficiency are examined. The empirical results show that state-owned banks were more efficient than joint stock banks before 2012. After 2012, state-owned banks were less efficient than joint stock banks. Finally, this paper explores the influential factors of technical efficiency. Noninterest income ratio, net interest margin, growth rate of total investment in fixed assets, and consumer price index have a significant positive impact on bank efficiency. The cost-to-income ratio has a significant negative impact on bank efficiency. Further research using the threshold model shows that noninterest income ratio has a threshold effect on bank efficiency.

scholarly journals Using 3 × 3 Matrix to Evaluate the Manufacturing Technology in Food Company

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Manuela Ingaldi ◽  
Martin Kotus ◽  
Katarína Lestyánszka Škůrková
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Food Company ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Research Company ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A Company ◽  
Do So

Abstract In order to produce goods of sufficient quality finding buyers in the market, a company must have an adequate knowledge of their production technology. Technologies and finished products at the same time will affect the position of the company in the market and hence its existence in this market. Therefore, it is so important for every company to determine the appropriate technological strategy. The 3 × 3 matrix is a very useful tool to do so. This matrix shows the relation between technological possibilities of the company and its position in the market. However, that requires changing the scale used in the matrix. In practice, this means that both those that have a positive impact on the company and those that have a negative impact on it can be included in the factors. The research was conducted in a food industry company. It turned out that the research company was located in field of the matrix marked as ‚Improve marketing’. It means that the company should put more emphasis on improving the factors related to its position in the market.

A Stochastic Frontier Approach to Model Technical Efficiency of Rice Farmers in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
KMM Rahman ◽  
MIA Mia ◽  
MKJ Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Net Return

A study was conducted in the year 2008-2009 to estimate the farm-size-specific productivity and technical efficiency of all rice crops. Farm-size- specific technical efficiency scores were estimated using stochastic production frontiers. There were wide of variations of productivity among farms, where large farms exhibited the highest productivity. Gross return was the highest for small farms and net return was the highest for marginal farms. The lowest net return or the highest cost of production was accrued from both the highest wage rate and highest amount of labour used in medium farms. The marginal farms experienced the highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) followed by small and medium farms. Average technical efficiency for large, medium, small, marginal and all farms were respectively 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, 0.75 and 0.88. There were significant technical inefficiency effects in the production of rice for marginal farms only. In this case, production cannot be increased by increasing efficiency with the existing technology except in marginal farms. The application of efficient management system would be able to increase production in the marginal farms. For other farms, increased managerial capacity is not enough for increased production, rather new investment and advanced technology are needed to increase production in these farms. On an average, farmers could increase 12 percent output with existing inputs and production technology. Fertiliser, manure, irrigation cost, insecticide cost, area under production and experience were important factors to increase production. In the technical inefficiency effect, age, education and family size had positive impact on efficiency effect, whereas land under household had negative impact on efficiency effect. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13132 The Agriculturists 2012; 10(2) 9-19

Determinants of school efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Huguenin
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Size ◽  
School Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
School Efficiency ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is: to measure school technical efficiency and to identify the determinants of primary school performance. Design/methodology/approach – A two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) of school efficiency is conducted. At the first stage, DEA is employed to calculate an individual efficiency score for each school. At the second stage, efficiency is regressed on school characteristics and environmental variables. Findings – The mean technical efficiency of schools in the State of Geneva is equal to 93 per cent. By improving the operation of schools, 7 per cent (100−93) of inputs could be saved, representing 17,744,656 Swiss francs in 2010. School efficiency is negatively influenced by: operations being held on multiple sites, the proportion of disadvantaged pupils enroled at the school and the provision of special education, but positively influenced by school size (captured by the number of pupils). Practical implications – Technically, the determinants of school efficiency are outside of the control of headteachers. However, it is still possible to either boost the positive impact or curb the negative impact. In the context of the State of Geneva, the policy-related implications of the current study could be summarized as follows. New schools or existing multi-site schools should be concentrated on common sites; if this is not possible, the use of information and communication technology in school management and teaching should be developed and encouraged. In order to correct the negative influence of disadvantaged pupils on school performance, policymakers should focus on related social policies, such as pre-school, health, housing and benefits policies, rather than on allocating additional resources to schools. Finally, with an average of 381 pupils per school, school size could be increased to maximize school efficiency. Originality/value – Unlike most similar studies, the model in this study is tested for multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity and endogeneity. It is therefore robust. Moreover, one explanatory variable of school efficiency (operations being held on multiple sites) is a truly original variable as it has never been tested so far.

scholarly journals Food Security Status of Tribal People at Mohadevpur Upazila in Naogaon District

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
MMH Sikder ◽  
MA Baten ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
PK Das
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Tribal People

The study examines the food security analysis of households of tribal people at three villages of Mohadevpur Upazila of Naogoan District. Data were collected from a random sample of 63 where the total tribal people were 252. A structured interview schedule and focus group discussion were used for collecting data during July to September 2016. Food security condition of households of tribal people was measured on the basis of their per capita calorie consumption per day. Pearson’s Product Moment Coefficient Correlation (r) was computed to explore relationship of the respondents’ selected characteristics and their food security condition. The major findings of the study were that education level, house land size, cultivable area, annual household income, training experience, credit received and perceived strategies to increase food security had significant positive impact on food security (calorie intake) but age had significant negative impact on their household food security (calorie intake). Most of the households were (71percent) moderately food secured, 21 percent household had food secured and 8 percent households were low food secured per year. Government and NGOs should provide various types of training on agriculture and non-agriculture of tribal people. Government should take some safety net programs during climatic events such as drought, river erosion etc. Government, different NGOs and development agencies should give attention to improve their income through adopting some income generating activities.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 71-74 2017

scholarly journals EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI KEDELAI PADA LAHAN TADAH HUJAN DAN LAHAN KERING DI KABUPATEN PIDIE JAYA, ACEH

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Anna Fariyanti ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Land Type

National soybean productivity was reach 1,45 tons per hectare, while the potential yield reach 2,0-3,0 tons per hectare. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors affecting technical efficiency, and sources of technical inefficiency of soybean farming. This study used primary data that were obtained from 100 farmers purposively, those data were analyzed by production function analysis that stochastic frontier to analyzed the factors that influence the production of technical efficiency of soybean farming. The results showed that the variable land, solid fertilizer, liquid fertilizer, pesticide solid, liquid pesticides, and labor have a positive impact, while the variable seed has a negative impact on technical efficiency of soybean farming. The source of technical inefficiency such as the age of the farmer, and experience farming soybean have negative and significant impact on technical inefficiency of soybean farming. Otherwise, the formal education, old farming, the number of dependents, and the dummy variable (following the extension and land type) have a positive impact but not significant to technical inefficiency of soybean farming in Pidie Jaya, Aceh Province.

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