scholarly journals Territorial Distribution of EU Funds Allocation for Developments of Rural Romania during 2014–2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Doru Maier ◽  
Ancuta-Nicoleta Remete ◽  
Alina-Mihaela Corda ◽  
Ioana-Alexandra Nastasoiu ◽  
Paul-Sorin Lazăr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Common ◽  
Concentration Degree ◽  
Funds Allocation ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Total Project

This study uses cross-section regressions and spatial econometrics techniques to identify determinants of rural development project implementation based on the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) of the European Union. For this, we use 40 Romanian counties. Results show that agricultural land abundancy and land concentration degree are significant positive factors. On the contrary, the local human development level is a negative determinant, low values for this factor being an incentive to compensate the lack of own resources through European funding. No significant effects of the average salary or population density were depicted. Spatial analysis indicates contagion and diffusion processes for fund accession through projects. This behavior is like that in other financial sectors, in which human behavior is a decisive factor, such as the insurance one. A West–East clusterization process is identified for the total project value, conditioned by the identified factors.

scholarly journals Effects of the Common Agricultural Policy potential scenarios after 2013 in the Slovak Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
E. Uhrinčaťová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
The Common

The contribution presents the modelling solution of the potential scenarios impact of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union after 2013 in the selected sectors of the Slovak Republic national economy. The solution is accomplished using the Computable General Equilibrium model with the emphasis on the productive and less favourable agricultural areas and the theoretical rents for agricultural land. If we take into consideration both pillars of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, according to the modelling calculations in Slovak conditions the most favoured is the Conservative scenario, the Reference and the Flat Rate scenario are neutral and the least favourable is the Liberalisation scenario.

Cooperation and development of tourism within The European union in the Republic of Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Ülviyyə Ələskər qızı Hüseynova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The European Union ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the study is to study the development of cooperation and tourism in the Republic of Azerbaijan within the framework of the European Union. There is a lot of work to be done in tourism management to adapt to the European Union. In particular, there are problems that need to be addressed on a sectoral basis. Nowadays, our country prefers more bilateral relations in relations with the European Union in accordance with its external priorities. In addition to participating in regional EU projects, Azerbaijan, a leading country in terms of its share in the overall economic development of the South Caucasus, is trying to take a certain position in the EU's external relations. Thus, the Azerbaijani state creates new formats of bilateral relations with the European Union, demonstrating the Union's desire to integrate into the common European economic, political and security space, developing all the institutions necessary to get closer to it. Key words: European Union, Azerbaijan, tourim, cooperation, development, project.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESTORATION OF SOIL FERTILITY THROUGH METHODS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE YAMBOL AGROREGION

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Vateva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Priority Policy

The quality and quantity of agricultural production depend on the fertility of the soil type on which it is grown. Soil fertility is the result of the interaction of multiple mutually merged factors. Loss of soil fertility leads to soil degradation. Subsequently, it gradually becomes unfit for farming activity. Controlling the maintenance and enhancement of soil fertility is the guarantor of sustainable yields and population satisfaction with food resources, protecting land from degradation, and preserving biodiversity of ecosystems. The report examines the opportunities for restoration of the soil fertility of the agricultural lands of the Yambol Agro region. The aim is to analyze and propose for practice the most suitable methods of organic farming, with the application of which to preserve and improve the fertility of soils from the agricultural fund of the region. The proposed options are in line with the requirements of the European Union and the elements of the Common Agricultural Policy for Conservation of Soil Fertility. As a result of analysis and studies found that the preservation and maintenance of soil fertility in agricultural land in Yambol agroregion is recognized and priority policy of the departments of Agriculture and farmers. From soil fertility conservation methods, organic farmers in Yambol Agro region apply a comprehensive approach, focusing primarily on bio-fertilization, crop rotation and sequential soil treatment systems.

scholarly journals European Union Agricultural Support ‘Coupling’ in Simulation Modelling: Measuring the Sustainability Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3264
Author(s):  
Pierre Boulanger ◽  
Kirsten Boysen-Urban ◽  
George Philippidis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Decoupled Payments ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
The Common

Over the last twenty years, the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union has evolved into a multifunctional policy instrument. As part of this transformation, most farmer receipts are paid independently of production, granting this class of payment production-neutral or ‘fully decoupled’ status. In prospective agricultural market studies, simulation models routinely represent these payments as decoupled, despite academic evidence to the contrary that posits a number of ‘coupling-channels’. To explore the ramifications of differing degrees of coupling on the three pillars of sustainability, a natural-resources focused simulation model is employed. Comparing with a ‘standard’ decoupled baseline to 2030, higher coupling increases global agricultural employment and reduces production intensity on European Union agricultural land and agricultural emissions. Higher coupling also diminishes the Common Agricultural Policy’s capacity as a safety-net for European Union food-security and agricultural employment, whilst there is tentative evidence of increasing emissions ‘leakage’. At the very least, if the non-distorting status of decoupled payments is mis-specified, this has direct implications for the design of greener policy initiatives under the auspices of the Green Deal that promote sustainable fairer trade. As a result, further empirical research on the production distorting effects of the European Union’s decoupled payments is needed.

scholarly journals OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESTORATION OF SOIL FERTILITY THROUGH METHODS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE YAMBOL AGROREGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Vateva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Priority Policy

The quality and quantity of agricultural production depend on the fertility of the soil type on which it is grown. Soil fertility is the result of the interaction of multiple mutually merged factors. Loss of soil fertility leads to soil degradation. Subsequently, it gradually becomes unfit for farming activity. Controlling the maintenance and enhancement of soil fertility is the guarantor of sustainable yields and population satisfaction with food resources, protecting land from degradation, and preserving biodiversity of ecosystems. The report examines the opportunities for restoration of the soil fertility of the agricultural lands of the Yambol Agro region. The aim is to analyze and propose for practice the most suitable methods of organic farming, with the application of which to preserve and improve the fertility of soils from the agricultural fund of the region. The proposed options are in line with the requirements of the European Union and the elements of the Common Agricultural Policy for Conservation of Soil Fertility. As a result of analysis and studies found that the preservation and maintenance of soil fertility in agricultural land in Yambol agro region is recognized and priority policy of the departments of Agriculture and farmers. From soil fertility conservation methods, organic farmers in Yambol Agro region apply a comprehensive approach, focusing primarily on bio-fertilization, crop rotation and sequential soil treatment systems.

scholarly journals Absolutna renta gruntowa – ujęcie retrospektywne i współczesne

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czyżewski ◽  
Bazyli Czyżewski ◽  
Adam Majchrzak
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Absolute

In the article, the Authors refer to the theory of land rent, with particular reference to the absolute rent, as to the existence of which in economics there is no compliance. The aim of the considerations is to assess how the rent for the scarcity of agricultural land is shaped nowadays under the conditions of current trends on land market in the European Union and dilemmas in this scope. At the same time, the thesis was verified that a different approach to the absolute rent from the land is necessary, depending on the area and ownership structure or production goals of farms. However, the observed causalities may change as a result of introducing or increasing restrictions on trade in agricultural properties regulated by European or individual EU Member States law, as well as postulated instruments of the common agricultural policy.

scholarly journals Enforceability of decisions of the Agricultural Paying Agency in matters of direct payments

Ecocycles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Lucia Palsova ◽  
Ondrej Benus
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Common ◽  
Direct Payments

Since its inception, the Common Agricultural Policy has been the largest among all common European policies. The main objective of the Common agricultural policy is food sovereignty in the European Union, stabilization of farmers' incomes and, at present, support for non-production functions of agriculture and environmental protection. Given the rising input prices and the time mismatch between supply and demand for agricultural products, the first pillar of the CAP has become a key tool for sustaining the desired competitiveness of agricultural products in the EU Member States. Direct payments have become an important tool for Slovak farmers, and therefore their effective implementation is essential for their continued existence or development. The aim of the paper was to point out the weak enforceability of direct payments to eligible users of agricultural land if there is a conflicting legal entitlement to provide a direct payment in accordance with §28 and §29 of Act no. 280/2017 Coll. and the resulting problems for eligible applicants.

Meridional Circulation, Turbulence, and Diffusion Processes in Stars

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vauclair
Keyword(s):  
Convection Zone ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Meridional Circulation ◽  
Diffusion Time ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
First Results ◽  
Stellar Envelopes ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Turbulence And Diffusion ◽  
Hr Diagram

This paper gives the first results of a work in progress, in collaboration with G. Michaud and G. Vauclair. It is a first attempt to compute the effects of meridional circulation and turbulence on diffusion processes in stellar envelopes. Computations have been made for a 2 Mʘstar, which lies in the Am - δ Scuti region of the HR diagram.Let us recall that in Am stars diffusion cannot occur between the two outer convection zones, contrary to what was assumed by Watson (1970, 1971) and Smith (1971), since they are linked by overshooting (Latour, 1972; Toomre et al., 1975). But diffusion may occur at the bottom of the second convection zone. According to Vauclair et al. (1974), the second convection zone, due to He II ionization, disappears after a time equal to the helium diffusion time, and then diffusion may happen at the bottom of the first convection zone, so that the arguments by Watson and Smith are preserved.

NMR-Study of Structure and Diffusion Processes in Li3N

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-28-C6-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Messer ◽  
H. Birli ◽  
K. Differt
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
And Diffusion
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