scholarly journals The Potential Risk of Electronic Waste Disposal into Aquatic Media: The Case of Personal Computer Motherboards

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Georgios Kalamaras ◽  
Maria Kloukinioti ◽  
Maria Antonopoulou ◽  
Ioanna Ntaikou ◽  
Dimitris Vlastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computer ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Cbmn Assay ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Scenedesmus Rubescens

Considering that electronic wastes (e-wastes) have been recently recognized as a potent environmental and human threat, the present study aimed to assess the potential risk of personal computer motherboards (PCMBs) leaching into aquatic media, following a real-life scenario. Specifically, PCMBs were submerged for 30 days in both distilled water (DW) and artificial seawater (ASW). Afterwards, PCMBs leachates were chemically characterized (i.e., total organic carbon, ions, and trace elements) and finally used (a) for culturing freshwater (Chlorococcum sp. and Scenedesmus rubescens) and saltwater (Dunaliella tertiolecta and Tisochrysis lutea) microalgae for 10 days (240 h), (b) as the exposure medium for mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (96 h exposure), and (c) for performing the Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human lymphocytes cultures. According to the results, PCMBs could mediate both fresh- and marine algae growth rates over time, thus enhancing the cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic effects in the hemocytes of mussels (in terms of lysosomal membrane impairment, lipid peroxidation, and NO content and micronuclei formation, respectively), as well as human lymphocytes (in terms of MN formation and CBPI values, respectively). The current findings clearly revealed that PCMBs leaching into the aquatic media could pose detrimental effects on both aquatic organisms and human cells.

scholarly journals Mobility, ecotoxicity, bioaccumulation and sources of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the Rożnów reservoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szara-Bąk ◽  
Agnieszka Baran ◽  
Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas ◽  
Joanna Tkaczewska ◽  
Barbara Wojtasik
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Geochemical Indicators ◽  
Low Toxicity

AbstractThe aim of the study was to use of geochemical, chemical, ecotoxicological and biological indicators for a comprehensive assessment of ecological risks related to the mobility, ecotoxicity and bioavailability of trace elements in the bottom sediment of the Rożnów reservoir. The study found three elements deserving attention in the sediments: cadmium, nickel and chromium. Cadmium proved to be the most mobile and bioavailable, although the total cadmium content and geochemical indicators did not reveal any risk to organisms. Geochemical indicators showed that the sediments are contaminated with nickel and chromium, but both elements had a low bioaccumulation factor. Fractional analysis also revealed relatively low mobility of Cr and Ni and a higher potential risk of bioavailability for nickel. Most of the tested sediment samples had low toxicity in relation to the tested organisms. For H. incongruens, 11% of the samples were non-toxic, 50% of the samples had low toxicity, and 39% of the samples were toxic. For A. fischeri, no toxicity was found in 7% of the samples, low toxicity in 76% of the samples and toxicity in 17% of the sediment samples. The As, Cd, Cu content in the F1 fraction correlated significantly positively with the content of these metals in mussel tissues. Both biotesting and chemical analysis can reveal a potential risk to aquatic organisms. For a real assessment of the ecological risks associated with trace elements, it is necessary to use bioindicators taken from the environment and exposed to trace elements in situ.

scholarly journals CYTOKINESIS-BLOCK MICRONUCLEUS (CBMN) ASSAY/CBMN CYTOME ASSAY IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES AFTER IN VITRO IRRADIATION AND ITS USE IN BIODOSIMETRY

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Pejchal ◽  
Vladimira Vasilieva ◽  
Milena Hristozova ◽  
Zdeňka Vilasová ◽  
Jiřina Vávrová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Cbmn Assay ◽  
Cytome Assay

scholarly journals A fuzzy Bi-linear management model in reverse logistic chains

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Tadic ◽  
Predrag Mimovic ◽  
Jovana Kostic ◽  
Marija Zahar-Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Linear Constraints ◽  
Fuzzy Linear Programming ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Reverse Logistic ◽  
Electrical And Electronic Waste

The management of the electrical and electronic waste (WEEE) problem in the uncertain environment has a critical effect on the economy and environmental protection of each region. The considered problem can be stated as a fuzzy non-convex optimization problem with linear objective function and a set of linear and non-linear constraints. The original problem is reformulated by using linear relaxation into a fuzzy linear programming problem. The fuzzy rating of collecting point capacities and fix costs of recycling centers are modeled by triangular fuzzy numbers. The optimal solution of the reformulation model is found by using optimality concept. The proposed model is verified through an illustrative example with real-life data. The obtained results represent an input for future research which should include a good benchmark base for tested reverse logistic chains and their continuous improvement.

Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Musks in Surface Water from the Songhua River

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1508-1511
Author(s):  
Bin Yu Lu ◽  
Yu Jie Feng ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Zhao Han Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Polycyclic Musks ◽  
Polycyclic Musk ◽  
The Songhua River

Concentrations and distributions of four polycyclic musks (galaxolide (HHCB), tonalide (AHTN), celestolide (ADBI) and phantolide (AHMI)) in surface water from the Songhua River were investigated. Experimental data showed that the Songhua River had been polluted to different degrees except the rivers source. Concentrations of HHCB, AHTN, ADBI and AHMI were in the ranges of 6.77-30.65, 2.19-7.97, < LOD-1.94 and < LOD-2.53 ng/L, respectively. The results indicated a low proportion of wastewater burden in this river, and the HHCB and AHTN were the major components. Risk assessments on HHCB and AHTN suggest that the current polycyclic musk levels in Songhua River represent a low potential risk to the aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Estimating genotoxic effects of anticancer drugs using cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay on human lymphocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
V. I. Minina ◽  
V. Yu. Buslaev
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cbmn Assay

Here we review the current experience of using cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay on cultures of human lymphocytes to evaluate genotoxic effects of anticancer drugs. Having performed search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, TOXLINE, and the Cochrane Library, we identified a total of 172 relevant studies. Out of them, 89 were conducted in vitro, and 41 were published within the last decade. The mentioned studies concordantly demonstrated a significant increase in micronuclei, protrusions, nucleoplasmic bridges, and a decrease in proliferation in cells treated with anticancer drugs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Notably, the results of CBMN assay are consistent with the data obtained from other cytogenetic techniques (comet assay, chromosomal aberration analysis, analysis of mutations in housekeeping genes, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation). Conclusion. CBMN assay permits a reliable evaluation of the mutagenic effects related to anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals Jatrophane Diterpenoids With Protective Effect on Human Lymphocytes DNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984816
Author(s):  
Gordana Krstić ◽  
Milka Jadranin ◽  
Miroslava Stanković ◽  
Ivana Aljančić ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Sar Studies ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Minimal Dose ◽  
Cbmn Assay ◽  
Sar Study

Two sets of structurally different jatrophanes (1-11 and 13-16), jatrophane 12, and latex extract of 2 Euphorbia species (17 and 18) were tested for in vitro protective effect against chromosome aberrations in peripheral human lymphocytes using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Jatrophanes 1-6 in minimal doses of 1 µg/mL prominently decreased micronuclei (MN) frequency in the range 44.86% to 34.29% and manifested considerable protective effect. From the other set of jatrophanes, 13 in the same minimal dose notably decreased MN frequency by 31.05%, while extracts 17 and 18 at a concentration of 4 µg/mL remarkably decreased the frequency of MN by 37.94% and 36.12%, respectively. Jatrophanes 12, 14, and 16 showed moderate protection, while 7-11 and 15 were less active than positive control. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the tested jatrophanes (1-16) indicated the favorable position of benzoate at C-8 or C-9 (3, 4, and 13) and a preference of isobutanoyloxy group at C-3 (1-3) rather than propanoyloxy at the same position (4-6) for pronounced protective effect on human lymphocytes DNA. In a previous SAR study on 11 jatrophanes (1, 3-8, and 13-16), the same structural features in 3, 4, and 13 influenced powerful inhibition of P-gp, while growth inhibition of cancer cells was more than doubled in 1 (isobutanoyloxy group at C-3) compared to 6 (propanoyloxy at C-3).

scholarly journals Assessment of Potential Risk to Aquatic Organisms by Zinc Originating from Swine Farm Effluent in a Rural Area of Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Sunao ITAHASHI ◽  
Masahiro KASUYA ◽  
Ryoji SUZUKI ◽  
Kaoru ABE ◽  
Kenji BANZAI
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Swine Farm

scholarly journals Microplastics in the environment: characteristic, identification and potential risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bogusz ◽  
Partyk Oleszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Environment Characteristic

<p>Plastics are widely used in industry as well as in a daily lives. Large amounts of plastics debris are delivered into environment, especially into aqueous ecosystems and transformed into microplastics. The present work describes microplastics as the marine environment contaminants, their sources and also methods of their identification in the environment. Moreover, the ability of plastics to acculumation of organic and inorganic contaminants and possible harmful effect on the aquatic organisms is also discussed in presented work.</p>

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