Detection and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Pinnatoxins in Shellfish from the Atlantic and Cantabrian Coasts of Spain

For the first time, pinnatoxins have been detected in shellfish from the Atlantic and Cantabrian coasts of Spain. High sensitivity LC-MS/MS systems were used to monitor all the currently known pinnatoxins (A–H). Pinnatoxin G (PnTX G) was the most prevalent toxin of the group, but its metabolite PnTX A has also been found at much lower levels. No trend in PnTX G concentration was found in the area, but a hotspot in the Ría de Camariñas has been identified. The maximum concentrations found did not exceed 15 µg·kg−1, being, in most cases, below 3 µg·kg−1. The highest concentrations were found in wild (intertidal) populations of mussels which attained much higher levels than raft-cultured ones, suggesting that the toxin-producer organisms preferentially develop in shallow areas. Other bivalve species had, in general, lower concentrations. The incidence of PnTX G followed a seasonal pattern in which the maximum concentrations took place in winter months. PnTX G was found to be partially esterified but the esterification percentage was not high (lower than 30%).

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Hot spot detection and spatio-temporal dynamics of dengue in Queensland, Australia

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-197-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol XL-8 ◽

pp. 197-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Naish ◽

S. Tong

Keyword(s):

Temporal Variation ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Health Concern ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Dengue Case ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Over Time

Dengue has been a major public health concern in Australia since it re-emerged in Queensland in 1992–1993. This study explored spatio-temporal distribution and clustering of locally-acquired dengue cases in Queensland State, Australia and identified target areas for effective interventions. A computerised locally-acquired dengue case dataset was collected from Queensland Health for Queensland from 1993 to 2012. Descriptive spatial and temporal analyses were conducted using geographic information system tools and geostatistical techniques. Dengue hot spots were detected using SatScan method. Descriptive spatial analysis showed that a total of 2,398 locally-acquired dengue cases were recorded in central and northern regions of tropical Queensland. A seasonal pattern was observed with most of the cases occurring in autumn. Spatial and temporal variation of dengue cases was observed in the geographic areas affected by dengue over time. Tropical areas are potential high-risk areas for mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue. This study demonstrated that the locally-acquired dengue cases have exhibited a spatial and temporal variation over the past twenty years in tropical Queensland, Australia. There is a clear evidence for the existence of statistically significant clusters of dengue and these clusters varied over time. These findings enabled us to detect and target dengue clusters suggesting that the use of geospatial information can assist the health authority in planning dengue control activities and it would allow for better design and implementation of dengue management programs.

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The outstanding 2019 Heatwaves in Central Europe – driving mechanisms and soil-atmosphere feedbacks

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-5601 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Trigo ◽

Pedro Sousa ◽

David Barriopedro ◽

Ricardo García-Herrera ◽

Carlos Ordóñez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Daily Maximum ◽

Regional Warming ◽

Soil Desiccation ◽

Driving Mechanisms ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Maximum Temperatures ◽

Moisture Conditions ◽

First Time

In the current study, we analyzed the two outstanding heatwaves (HWs) that affected Europe in summer 2019. The events occurred in late June and late July and were record-breaking, although peak temperatures were observed in distinct areas. During the June HW the highest temperatures were recorded in SE France, when the country registered for the first time temperatures above 45&#186;C. The July HW made thermometers cross the psychological barrier of 40&#186;C for the first time in Belgium and the Netherlands, breaking all-time records in widespread areas of Central Europe.We detected that a subtropical ridge fostering warm advection from lower latitudes was a common feature for both HWs. However, we have also found distinct mechanisms shaping the two HWs. While the June HW was predominantly characterized by the intrusion of a vertically homogenous air mass of Saharan origin, surface processes and upward transport of sensible heat were pivotal for the July HW. Our results suggest that the intensity and extension of the June HW contributed to soil desiccation, which together with the persistence of dry and clear sky conditions during early July led to an amplification of the surface temperature anomalies during the late July HW. This is supported by a flow analogue exercise, showing amplified surface heating for flow analogues of the July HW when they are preceded by short-term dry soil moisture conditions, like those caused by the June HW. In turn, we show that, in agreement with the long-term regional warming, soil desiccation during the June 2019 event was larger than it would have been in the recent past (assessing 1984-2018 versus 1950-1983). Finally, we compared the spatio-temporal distribution of summer temperature for 2019 and the previous record-breaking summer 2003. Results show that an outstanding warming fingerprint (circa +1.5&#186;C in summer daily maximum temperatures averaged over Europe) has been superimposed on the relatively larger magnitude of the August 2003 HW (with respect to the climatology at that time), thus explaining the exceptionality of the record-breaking values observed in 2019.This work was supported by national funds through FCT (Funda&#231;&#227;o para a Ci&#234;ncia e a Tecnologia, Portugal) under project IMPECAF (PTDC/CTA-CLI/28902/2017).

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Do primates flexibly use spatio-temporal cues when foraging?

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1177/1747021820970724 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174702182097072

Author(s):

Cinzia Trapanese ◽

Hélène Meunier ◽

Shelly Masi

Keyword(s):

Brain Size ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Primate Species ◽

Temporal Cues ◽

Large Brain ◽

Sapajus Apella ◽

Average Proportion ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Free Ranging

Foraging in seasonal environments can be cognitively demanding. Comparative studies have associated large brain size with a frugivorous diet. We investigated the ability of three semi-free-ranging primate species with different degrees of frugivory ( Ntrials: Macaca tonkeana = 419, Macaca fascicularis = 197, Sapajus apella = 346) in developing a mental representation of the spatio-temporal distribution of food using foraging experiments. Forty-two boxes were fixed on trees, and each week (“season”), some of them were filled with fruits which were either highly preferred, or less preferred. Spatial (geometrical panels) and temporal (peel skin of the available fruit) cues were present at each season to indicate where (food location), what (which food) was available, and when. To test the flexible use of the cues in primate foraging behaviour, we first removed the spatial and temporal cues one at a time, and then, we manipulated the “seasonal” order of the available fruit. We compared the foraging performances in the absence and the presence of the cues and during the usual and unusual seasonal order. The average proportion of baited boxes chosen by the subjects in presence of both cues was high (between 73% and 98%) for all species. The primates seemed to remember the spatio-temporal food availability (or used other cues) because no difference was found between trials with or without our spatial and temporal cues. When the usual seasonal pattern was changed, they flexibly adjusted the feeding choice by using the provided temporal cues. We discuss these results also in view of a possible experimental bias.

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The morphology and behaviour of Cercaria lata Lespés, 1857 (Digenea, Faustulidae) from the Mediterranean clam Tapes decussata (L.)

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x08125160 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 69-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

L. Gargouri Ben Abdallah ◽

N. Trigui El Menif ◽

F. Maamouri

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Digestive Gland ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Gulf Of Gabes ◽

Donax Trunculus ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

First Time

AbstractCercaria lata (Digenea, Faustulidae), discovered by Lespés (1857) in Tapes decussata (L.) in the basin of Arcachon, was found for the first time, from the eastern Mediterranean, in the same lamellibranch from Tunisia (Bizerte and Tunis lagoons and Gulf of Gabes). These cercariae develop in daughter sporocysts, which develop in mother sporocysts in the gonads. Daughter sporocysts are observed in the gonads and sometimes in the digestive gland. A redescription and the behaviour of the naturally emerging cercariae and spatio-temporal distribution of the sporocysts are reported. A comparative study using multivariate analyses associated with morphology, biology and seasonality confirm the distinctness of Cercaria lata and the cercaria of Cercaria pectinata from Donax trunculus.

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Population biology and diet of the southern kingcroaker Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) in Caraguatatuba Bay, southeastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592012000300007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 343-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alexander Turra ◽

Flávia Borges Santos ◽

Eduardo Bessa ◽

Wellington Silva Fernandez ◽

Ligia Coletti Bernadochi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wave Energy ◽

Population Biology ◽

Sandy Beach ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Wave Activity ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽

Varied Diet ◽

Spatio Temporal

This study evaluated the spatio-temporal distribution, population biology and diet of Menticirrhus americanus in Caraguatatuba Bay. Samples were taken monthly between August 2003 and October 2004, by trawling in two previously selected areas. The northern area is more exposed to wave activity and is influenced by a river, functioning as a small estuary. In contrast, the southern area is relatively sheltered from wave energy and influenced to a lesser degree by smaller rivers. The fishes' length was measured, and the sex and gonadal stage macroscopically identified. The abundance of this species was compared between areas and among months. The diet was identified and quantified. M. americanus occurred in equal proportions in the two study areas, being most abundant in April 2004, followed by December 2003 and January 2004. The population was dominated by small immature individuals. The few individuals in maturation or mature that were captured showed no seasonal pattern of distribution. This species had a varied diet, feeding on worms (nemerteans, sipunculans and echiurans), mollusks (bivalves and cephalopods), polychaetes, crustaceans and fish. The presence of intact nematodes in the intestine suggests that these are parasites. The results demonstrated that M. americanus has a homogeneous spatial and temporal distribution in Caraguatatuba Bay, being uniformly distributed between the south and north areas as well as across the months. This species can be considered a carnivorous predator, showing a preference for consuming benthic sandy-beach species such as glycerids and other polychaetes, crustaceans, and bivalve siphons.

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Landsat 8 Observation of the Internal Solitary Waves in the Lombok Strait

Indonesian Journal of Geography ◽

10.22146/ijg.42655 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 251 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang ◽

Chonnaniyah Chonnaniyah ◽

Takahiro Osawa

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Range ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Internal Solitary Waves ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Landsat Data ◽

Signal To Noise ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Data Continuity ◽

First Time ◽

Average Angle

Landsat 8, Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) satellite, was launched on 11 February 2013 with Operation Land Imager (OLI) sensors. Tis sensor has better radiometric performance than the previous mission, which is quantized in the 12-bit dynamic range due to an increase in the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. In this analysis, the spatio-temporal distribution of the propagation of the internal solitary wave (ISW) in the Lombok Strait was extracted from the Landsat 8 images described for the ﬁrst time. Tere were 14 ISW events studied for period 2014 - 2015 using Landsat 8. Te manifestations of ISW recorded on Landsat 8 images were then extracted using digitization method to investigate and measure several parameters and ISW distribution in the Lombok Strait. Te estimation results of the average ISW phase velocity in this study are 2.05 ms-1 with the direction of propagation heading north at an average angle of 19.08°. Tis study has shown that Landsat 8 can be used to monitor and analyze several internal wave parameters in the ocean.

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