scholarly journals The Higgs Mechanism and Spacetime Symmetry

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Mechanism ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Spacetime Symmetry ◽  
Underground Detector ◽  
Gut Scale ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
Annihilation Reaction

In this review, we summarize the results of the analysis of the inherent relation between the Higgs mechanism and spacetime symmetry provided by generic incorporation of the de Sitter vacuum as a false vacuum with the equation of state p=−ρ. This relation has been verified by the application for the interpretation of the experimental results on the negative mass squares for neutrinos, and of the appearance of the minimal length in the annihilation reaction e+e−→γγ(γ). An additional verification is expected for the dark matter candidates with the interior de Sitter vacuum of the GUT scale, whose predicted observational signatures include the induced proton decay in the matter of an underground detector, such as IceCUBE.

scholarly journals Mass, Spacetime Symmetry, de Sitter Vacuum, and the Higgs Mechanism

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Mechanism ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Spacetime Symmetry ◽  
Generic Relation ◽  
Minimal Length Scale ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

We address the question of the intrinsic relation between mass, gravity, spacetime symmetry, and the Higgs mechanism implied by involvement of the de Sitter vacuum as its basic ingredient (a false vacuum). Incorporating the de Sitter vacuum, the Higgs mechanism implicitly incorporates the generic relation between mass, gravity, and spacetime symmetry revealed in the frame of General Relativity for all objects involving the de Sitter vacuum. We overview two observational cases which display and verify this relation, the case known as “negative mass square problem” for neutrino, and appearance of a minimal length scale in e + e − annihilation.

scholarly journals Appearance of a Minimal Length ine+e-Annihilation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova ◽  
Alexander Sakharov ◽  
Jürgen Ulbricht
Keyword(s):  
Energy Condition ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Nonlinear Electrodynamics ◽  
Perfect Conductor ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Electromagnetic Mass ◽  
Time Symmetry ◽  
Electromagnetic Soliton ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
Arbitrary Gauge

Experimental data reveal with a 5σsignificance the existence of a characteristic minimal lengthle=1.57×10-17 cm at the scaleE=1.253TeV in the annihilation reactione+e-→γγ(γ). Nonlinear electrodynamics coupled to gravity and satisfying the weak energy condition predicts, for an arbitrary gauge invariant Lagrangian, the existence of spinning charged electromagnetic soliton asymptotically Kerr-Newman for a distant observer with the gyromagnetic ratiog=2. Its internal structure includes a rotating equatorial disk of de Sitter vacuum which has properties of a perfect conductor and ideal diamagnetic, displays superconducting behavior, supplies a particle with the finite positive electromagnetic mass related to breaking of space-time symmetry, and gives some idea about the physical origin of a minimal length in annihilation.

scholarly journals The Fundamental Roles of the de Sitter Vacuum

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Wide Class ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Black Hole Physics ◽  
Higgs Mechanism ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Naked Singularities ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

We overview the fundamental roles of the de Sitter vacuum in cosmology where it is responsible for powering the early inflationary stage(s) and the present accelerated expansion, in black hole physics where it provides the existence of a wide class of regular black holes and self-gravitating solitons replacing naked singularities, and in particle physics where it ensures the intrinsic relation of the Higgs mechanism with gravity and spacetime symmetry breaking.

scholarly journals REVIEW AND UPDATE OF THE COMPACTIFIED M/STRING THEORY PREDICTION OF THE HIGGS BOSON MASS AND PROPERTIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 1330002 ◽  
Author(s):  
GORDON KANE ◽  
RAN LU ◽  
BOB ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Gauge Coupling ◽  
Higgs Mechanism ◽  
Boson Mass ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Hierarchy Problem ◽  
Gravitino Mass ◽  
Little Hierarchy Problem ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
M Theory

The August 2011 Higgs mass prediction was based on an ongoing six-year project studying M-theory compactified on a manifold of G2 holonomy, with significant contributions from Jing Shao, Eric Kuflik and others and particularly co-led by Bobby Acharya and Piyush Kumar. The M-theory results include stabilization of all moduli in a de Sitter vacuum, gauge coupling unification, derivation of TeV scale physics (solving the hierarchy problem), the derivation that generically scalar masses are equal to the gravitino mass which is larger than about 30 TeV, derivation of the Higgs mechanism via radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, absence of the flavor and CP problems, and the accommodation of string axions. The tan β and the μ parameter are part of the theory and are approximately calculated; as a result, the little hierarchy problem is greatly reduced. The heavy scalars imply that decoupling rare decays such as Bs →μ+ μ- should not deviate from their Standard Model values. This paper summarizes the results relevant to the Higgs mass prediction. A recent review [Int. J. Mod. Phys. A27, 1230012 (2012)] describes the program more broadly. Some of the results such as the scalar masses being equal to the gravitino mass and larger than about 30 TeV, derived early in the program, hold generically for compactified string theories as well as for compactified M-theory, while some other results may or may not. If the world is described by M-theory compactified on a G2 manifold and has a Higgs mechanism (so it could be our world) then Mh was predicted to be 126±2 GeV before the measurement. The derivation has some assumptions not related to the Higgs mass, but involves no free parameters.

scholarly journals Uptunneling to de Sitter

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Mirbabayi
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Dimensional Theory ◽  
Hole Geometry ◽  
Horizon Geometry ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Extremal Black Holes

Abstract We propose a Euclidean preparation of an asymptotically AdS2 spacetime that contains an inflating dS2 bubble. The setup can be embedded in a four dimensional theory with a Minkowski vacuum and a false vacuum. AdS2 approximates the near horizon geometry of a two-sided near-extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole, and the two sides can connect to the same Minkowski asymptotics to form a topologically nontrivial worm- hole geometry. Likewise, in the false vacuum the near-horizon geometry of near-extremal black holes is approximately dS2 times 2-sphere. We interpret the Euclidean solution as describing the decay of an excitation inside the wormhole to a false vacuum bubble. The result is an inflating region inside a non-traversable asymptotically Minkowski wormhole.

scholarly journals Effect of GUP on the Kepler problem and a variable minimal length

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi ◽  
Jafar Khodagholizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Kepler Problem ◽  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Perihelion Shift

Various approaches to quantum gravity, such as string theory, predict a minimal measurable length and a modification of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle near the Plank scale, known as the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Here we study the effects of GUP, which preserves the rotational symmetry of the space–time, on the Kepler problem. By comparing the value of the perihelion shift of the planet Mercury in Schwarzschild – de Sitter space–time with the resultant value of GUP, we find a relation between the minimal measurable length and the cosmological constant of the space–time. Now, if the cosmological constant varies with time, we have a variable minimal length in the space–time. Finally, we investigate the effects of GUP on the stability of circular orbits.

scholarly journals Squeezed states in the de Sitter vacuum

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Einhorn ◽  
Finn Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Squeezed States ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum

scholarly journals Stable, thin wall, negative mass bubbles in de Sitter space-time

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Johnson ◽  
M. B. Paranjape ◽  
Antoine Savard ◽  
Natalia Tapia-Arellano
Keyword(s):  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Negative Mass

scholarly journals Can a false vacuum bubble remove the singularity inside a black hole?

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suddhasattwa Brahma ◽  
Dong-han Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Thin Shell ◽  
Apparent Horizon ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Singularity Formation ◽  
Null Direction ◽  
Singularity Resolution ◽  
Hole Model

Abstract We investigate a regular black hole model with a de Sitter-like core at its center. This type of a black hole model with a false vacuum core was introduced with the hope of singularity-resolution and is a common feature shared by many regular black holes. In this paper, we examine this claim of a singularity-free black hole by employing the thin-shell formalism, and exploring its dynamics, within the Vaidya approximation. We find that during gravitational collapse, the shell necessarily moves along a space-like direction. More interestingly, during the evaporation phase, the shell and the outer apparent horizon approach each other but, unless the evaporation takes place very rapidly, the approaching tendency is too slow to avoid singularity-formation. This shows that albeit a false vacuum core may remove the singularity along the ingoing null direction, there still exists a singularity along the outgoing null direction, unless the evaporation is very strong.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Electromagnetic Fields and Structure of Regular Rotating Electrically Charged Black Holes and Solitons in Nonlinear Electrodynamics Minimally Coupled to Gravity

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Dymnikova ◽  
Evgeny Galaktionov
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Nonlinear Electrodynamics ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Dynamical Equations ◽  
Naked Singularities ◽  
Charged Black Holes ◽  
De Sitter Vacuum ◽  
Electrically Charged

We study the dynamics of electromagnetic fields of regular rotating electrically charged black holes and solitons replacing naked singularities in nonlinear electrodynamics minimally coupled to gravity (NED-GR). They are related by electromagnetic and gravitational interactions and described by the axially symmetric NED-GR solutions asymptotically Kerr-Newman for a distant observer. Geometry is described by the metrics of the Kerr-Schild class specified by T t t = T r r ( p r = − ρ ) in the co-rotating frame. All regular axially symmetric solutions obtained from spherical solutions with the Newman-Janis algorithm belong to this class. The basic generic feature of all regular objects of this class, both electrically charged and electrically neutral, is the existence of two kinds of de Sitter vacuum interiors. We analyze the regular solutions to dynamical equations for electromagnetic fields and show which kind of a regular interior is favored by electromagnetic dynamics for NED-GR objects.

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