scholarly journals Animal Models for Hepatitis E Virus

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Corneillie ◽  
Dominic Banda ◽  
Philip Meuleman
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Western World ◽  
Species Barrier ◽  
The Past ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Cell Culture Models

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an underdiagnosed pathogen with approximately 20 million infections each year and currently the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis. HEV was long considered to be confined to developing countries but there is increasing evidence that it is also a medical problem in the Western world. HEV that infects humans belongs to the Orthohepevirus A species of the Hepeviridae family. Novel HEV-like viruses have been observed in a variety of animals and some have been shown to be able to cross the species barrier, causing infection in humans. Several cell culture models for HEV have been established in the past years, but their efficiency is usually relatively low. With the circulation of this virus and related viruses in a variety of species, several different animal models have been developed. In this review, we give an overview of these animal models, indicate their main characteristics, and highlight how they may contribute to our understanding of the basic aspects of the viral life cycle and cross-species infection, the study of pathogenesis, and the evaluation of novel preventative and therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Ivermectin effectively inhibits hepatitis E virus replication, requiring the host nuclear transport protein importin α1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlong Li ◽  
Zhijiang Miao ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Ruyi Zhang ◽  
Denis E. Kainov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Nuclear Transport ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Cellular Target ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
Cell Culture Models

AbstractWe show that ivermectin, an FDA-approved anti-parasitic drug, effectively inhibits infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 3 in a range of cell culture models, including hepatic and extrahepatic cells. Long-term treatment showed no clear evidence of the development of drug resistance. Gene silencing of importin-α1, a cellular target of ivermectin and a key member of the host nuclear transport complex, inhibited viral replication and largely abolished the anti-HEV effect of ivermectin.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of two new complete genomes of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 from Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 8657-8668
Author(s):  
Tipsuda Chanmanee ◽  
Pravech Ajawatanawong ◽  
Suda Louisirirotchanakul ◽  
Watcharasak Chotiyaputta ◽  
Siwaporn Chainuvati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Viral Transmission ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Genome Study ◽  
Siriraj Hospital

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of acute viral hepatitis globally. Evolutionary phylogeny classifies the HEV into eight genotypes that correlate with the viral transmission. Only four genotypes have been proven to be responsible for transmission in humans. However, there has been no report on the genomics and genotyping of HEV in Thailand during the past ten years. Here, we identified the genotype distributions of the Thai isolates of HEV and we sequenced two HEV genomes. We screened for 18 Thai isolates of HEV from Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, from 2014–2016. The HEV genomes were sequenced from the serum and feces of a patient. The results showed that all Thai isolates of HEV were identified as genotype 3 (HEV-3). The ORF2 and genome phylogenies suggested two subgenotypes, called 3.1 and 3.2. The Thai isolates of HEV were frequently found in the subgenotype 3.1. The genome sequences of the two Thai isolates of HEV from the serum and fecal samples of the same patient showed 91% nucleotide similarity with the HEV genotype 3. Comparisons between the HEV genome and the ORF2 phylogenies illustrated that the ORF2 tree can be used to identify HEV genotypes, but it has less phylogenetic power for the HEV evolution. The two new genome sequences of HEV-3 from Thailand could contribute valuable information to the HEV genome study. (226 words)

scholarly journals Cell Culture Models for Hepatitis E Virus

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Menhua Fu ◽  
Charlotte Caroline Decker ◽  
Viet Loan Dao Thi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Infectious Clones ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Cell Culture Models

Despite a growing awareness, hepatitis E virus (HEV) remains understudied and investigations have been historically hampered by the absence of efficient cell culture systems. As a result, the pathogenesis of HEV infection and basic steps of the HEV life cycle are poorly understood. Major efforts have recently been made through the development of HEV infectious clones and cellular systems that significantly advanced HEV research. Here, we summarize these systems, discussing their advantages and disadvantages for HEV studies. We further capitalize on the need for HEV-permissive polarized cell models to better recapitulate the entire HEV life cycle and transmission.

scholarly journals New models of hepatitis E virus replication in human and porcine hepatocyte cell lines

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Rogée ◽  
Neil Talbot ◽  
Thomas Caperna ◽  
Jérôme Bouquet ◽  
Elodie Barnaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Species Barrier ◽  
Barrier Crossing ◽  
New Models ◽  
Culture Models

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute, enterically transmitted hepatitis in human. It is associated with large epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions where it is endemic or with sporadic cases in non-endemic regions. Unlike other hepatitis viruses, HEV has several animal reservoirs. Phylogenetic studies on HEV human and animal sequences, and the identification of cases of direct transmission from animal to human strongly suggest that HEV is a zoonotic agent. The lack of efficient cell culture models limits studies on molecular and cellular aspects of HEV infection and species barrier crossing. The present study reports on the development of two new in vitro models of HEV replication using a human hepatoma-derived cell line, HepaRG, and a porcine embryonic stem cell-derived cell line, PICM-19. These two cell lines have morphological and functional properties similar to primary hepatocytes. These in vitro culture systems support HEV replication and release of encapsidated RNA. These new models represent a powerful tool for studying the viral replication cycle, species barrier crossing and virulence factors.

scholarly journals Case report: Acute Hepatitis E Infection with Co-Existent Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitabh Monga ◽  
Ravinder PS Makkar ◽  
Anju Arora ◽  
Surabhi Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Ajay K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Hepatitis E virus is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in India but usually manifests as a mild self-limiting illness. Viral hepatitis in the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may be associated with complications such as severe anemia, hemolysis, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy and even death. The incidence of G6PD deficiency in the general population of northern India is reported to be between 2.2% and 14%. Despite both hepatitis E infection and G6PD deficiency being common, their impact on patient illness has only recently been reported. The present study reports a case of severe hemolysis in a patient with G6PD deficiency and hepatitis E infection.

scholarly journals Age-specific antibody to hepatitis E virus has remained constant during the past 20 years in Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tanaka ◽  
A. Matsumoto ◽  
N. Takeda ◽  
T.-C. Li ◽  
T. Umemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
The Past
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