scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Recreational Benefit Evaluation in a Wastewater Reuse Project. Analysis of a Case Study

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verlicchi Paola ◽  
Al Mustafa ◽  
Zanni Giacomo
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
The Public ◽  
Recreational Services

The study deals with the evaluation of the recreational benefit of a reclaimed water reuse project in the municipality of Ferrara, north Italy, by means of the contingent valuation method. It also provides an analysis of the public acceptance of the project, determined by eliciting the willingness of the local people to contribute to the realization of this project in monetary terms (their willingness to pay). The project involves the upgrade of the existing wastewater treatment plant by conventional (rapid sand filters) and natural (constructed wetland) treatments. The latter will be constructed within the urban park surrounding the wastewater treatment plant area and will combine the objectives of both wastewater treatment with recreational services, since they will create equipped green areas open to the public. The study is based on the answers provided by 400 respondents, who are residents in the four districts of the municipality of Ferrara. It emerges that willingness to pay is strongly influenced by the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, with an amount on average of 48 €/family.

Textile Wastewater Reuse: Ozonation of Membrane Concentrated Secondary Effluent

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lopez ◽  
G. Ricco ◽  
R. Ciannarella ◽  
A. Rozzi ◽  
A. C. Di Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Complete Disappearance

Among the activities appointed by the EC research-project “Integrated water recycling and emission abatement in the textile industry” (Contract: ENV4-CT95-0064), the effectiveness of ozone for improving the biotreatability of recalcitrant effluents as well as for removing from them toxic and/or inhibitory pollutants has been evaluated at lab-scale. Real membrane concentrates (pH=7.9; TOC=190 ppm; CDO=595 ppm; BOD5=0 ppm; Conductivity=5,000 μS/cm; Microtox-EC20=34%) produced at Bulgarograsso (Italy) Wastewater Treatment Plant by nanofiltering biologically treated secondary textile effluents, have been treated with ozonated air (O3conc.=12 ppm) over 120 min. The results have indicated that during ozonation, BOD5 increases from 0 to 75 ppm, whereas COD and TOC both decrease by about 50% and 30 % respectively. As for potentially toxic and/or inhibitory pollutants such as dyes, nonionic surfactants and halogenated organics, all measured as sum parameters, removals higher than 90% were achieved as confirmed by the complete disappearance of acute toxicity in the treated streams. The only ozonation byproducts searched for and found were aldehydes whose total amount continuously increased in the first hour from 1.2 up to 11.8 ppm. Among them, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde were identified by HPLC.

Water reuse in Israel - the Dan Region Project: evaluation of water quality and reliability of plant's operation

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Icekson-Tal ◽  
O. Avraham ◽  
J. Sack ◽  
H. Cikurel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Reclamation Project

Israel is a semi-arid country with insufficient natural water resources. Wastewater effluent reuse and desalination have become the main source of water to compensate for the future water shortage. Today, between 65 and 70% of wastewater of urban and industrial origin is reused in agriculture after treatment in biological treatment plants around the country. The Dan Region Reclamation Project (Shafdan) is the largest wastewater treatment and reclamation project in Israel. 130 Mm3/yr of reclaimed water is used for unrestricted irrigation after soil aquifer treatment (SAT). Extensive water quality monitoring is performed to keep an efficient and safe wastewater reuse system. After 25 years of operation, the Shafdan deals with the following operational issues on an ongoing basis: Biofouling of the effluent pipelines from the wastewater treatment plant to the SAT, and a lack of capacity in the SAT system. Biofilm growth in the pipelines is controlled by intermittently applying chlorine based compounds at a 10 mg/L dosage for a few hours.

Assessing the potential of digitalization by real-time monitoring of bacterial concentration in urban water systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Caradot ◽  
Wolfgang Seis ◽  
Dan Angelescu ◽  
Vaizanne Huynh ◽  
Andreas Hausot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Bathing Water Quality

<div> <p>Digital solutions open up a variety of opportunities for the water sector. Digital water is now seen not as an ‘option’ but as an ‘imperative’ (Sarni et al., 2019) for a more sustainable and secure water management. Many solutions leverage the latest innovations developed across industries and business activities including advanced sensors, data analytics and artificial intelligence. The potential of digitalization might outweigh its associated risk if digital solutions are successfully implemented addressing a series of gaps and barriers such as ICT governance, cybersecurity, data protection, interoperability and capacity building.</p> <p>Within this context, the H2020 innovation project digital-water.city (DWC) aims at boosting the integrated management of waters systems in five major European cities – Berlin, Copenhagen, Milan, Paris and Sofia – by leveraging the potential of data and digital technologies. Goal is to quantify the benefits of a panel of 15 innovative digital solutions and achieve their long-term uptake and successful integration in the existing digital systems and governance processes.</p> <p>One of these promising technology is a new sensor for real-time bacterial measurements, manufactured by the company Fluidion (ALERT System; Angelescu et al., 2019). The device is fully autonomous, remotely controllable, installed in-situ and allows rapid quantification of E.coli and enterococci concentrations.</p> <p>Ensuring microbial safety is one of the key objectives of bathing water management, and it is also a critical aspect for water reuse. The European Bathing Water Directive (BWD) (76/160/EEC, 2006) uses fecal indicator bacteria for quality assessment of marine and inland waters. A major challenge regarding bathing water management is that concentrations of fecal bacteria may show spatial and temporal variability. In urban rivers, discharges from CSO and stormwater may contain high amounts of fecal bacteria and contaminate bathing water quality. Bathing water surveillance in Europe is only based on monthly grab samples and event-scale variability is detected only by chance as pollution events may occur between sampling intervals.</p> <p>The ALERT System is currently tested in Berlin and Paris using side by side laboratory comparison to understand temporal variability and spatial bacterial distribution in the local rivers (Seine, Marne and Spree). In Milan, the system is being deployed to provide early warning of bacterial and toxic contamination linked to water reuse at a major wastewater treatment plant. Preliminary analysis have shown that the device shows metrological capabilities comparable to those of an approved laboratory using MPN microplate techniques and is suitable for bacterial pollutant concentration ranges such as urban streams and wastewater treatment plant.</p> <p>The technology opens up new opportunities for the water sector for a range of applications such as the planning of pollution reduction measures, the continuous monitoring of bathing water quality and the assessment of contamination risk by the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation. In particular, it is a key innovation to contribute to the objective of Paris city and other local municipalities to provide permanent and safe opportunities for bathing in the Seine river for the 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and beyond.</p> </div>

Assessing and allocating the financial viability risk factors in public-private partnership wastewater treatment plant projects

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Metwally El-Kholy ◽  
Ahmed Yousry Akal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public

PurposeThis research investigates the financial viability risk factors that threaten the private investor's economic scheme in the public private partnership (PPP) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) projects in Egypt. The aims of this study are to: (1) illustrate and cluster the financial viability risk factors in accordance with the PPP WWTP projects' nature, (2) assess the risk factors' criticality degrees according to their severity and frequency levels of the financial viability, and (3) pinpoint the suited allocation of the financial viability risk factors between the public and private parties.Design/methodology/approachRelying on the previous analysts' endeavors, the questionnaire method, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach and the hypothetical normal distribution curve model; the severity, frequency, criticality and allocation preference of 32 financial viability risk factors were assessed from 12 Egyptian PPP experts.FindingsThe data analysis yielded that foreign exchange risk, currency risk/inflation, license risk, construction cost-overrun and late site handover are the key factors in arising the financial viability risk issue in the PPP WWTP projects. Considering the discussion of these key risks, the study summarized that the financial viability's key risk factors are notably be affected by the economic, political and administrative circumstances of the host county. Additionally, the inflation lesion was found to be the core reason of most of the key risk factors.Originality/valueThis research originality stems from its contribution to address the gab in the PPP risk assessment literature of the concessionaire's financial viability in the WWTP projects in a country of developing economy as Egypt. This, first, enriches the scholarly based knowledge of the PPP projects' risk analysts of the developing countries. Accordingly, it moves the current PPP risk assessment research further to deeply apprehend these markets' risks. Second, it equips the policymakers in the public and private sectors of such projects with a map that clarifies their assigned risk factors and the responsibilities that each party should bear to generate a mutual stable investment environment for achieving their aims successfully. This, indeed, paves the way for more private investments to be involved in the developing markets' PPP projects with a profitable satisfactory level for the private concessionaire. In the same vein, more WWTP projects, which are highly needed for the public sector and its people, are executed.

Management of Toxics for the Fukashiba Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant of the Kashima Petrochemical Complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kozawa ◽  
T. Wueki ◽  
H. Kobayashi ◽  
S. Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Industrial Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Petrochemical Complex ◽  
Slaked Lime

The Kashima petrochemical complex and its Fukashiba industrial wastewater treatment plant are described. When the factories of the complex discharge the wastewater, they must be in compliance with the standards designated in the Sewage Law of Japan, because they are users of the public sewage system. Ten of 81 factories discharged the wastewater containing identified toxics, and they treated corresponding toxic items before discharging to sewers. The wastewater of the factories was constantly monitored by the office of Kashima sewage works, and there had been few troubles with the operation of Fukashiba treatment plant. However, sludge contained cadmium at relatively high concentration in Fukashiba treatment plant, compared with sludge of the domestic sewage treatment plants. The sources of Cd were possibly the use of large amount of slaked lime in these factories. Prior to the construction of any new manufacturing plant, the office of Kashima sewage works practiced the test of biodegradability and toxicity of potential wastewater from the plant. The analytical method of GC/MS became a useful tool to confirm biodegradability and toxicity of substances in the wastewater from each plant.

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