Water Security Assessment of China’s One Belt and One Road Region

The sustainable development of socioeconomic and environmental systems are highly dependent on water capital and water utilization efficiency. Nowadays, a significant portion of the world is facing water security issues due to a combination of various factors. As a result, socioeconomic and environmental systems are threatened. China is also currently experiencing problems. Water security assessment helps to identify key determining factors for optimal water utilization, so the authors present the Driving Forces-Pressures-Carrying Capacity-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSCIR) water security assessment framework. Unlike previous methods, the proposed framework incorporates the carrying capacity of the environment, and as a result, yields assessment results that are more realistic. As a case study, the proposed framework coupled with the entropy method is applied to assess the water security status of the One Belt and One Road (B&R) region in China. In addition, the water security level of the provinces and municipalities in this region are simulated for the time period from 2017 to 2022 using the Grey Prediction Model. The results show that Responses, State, Pressures, and Carrying Capacity Subsystems greatly influence water security of the region. According to the assessment, water security of the area improved from 2011 to 2016. The results portray the following trend among the three subregions of the study area, the water security of the 21st Maritime Silk Road (One Road) area is better than Silk Road Economic Belt (One Belt) and the Strategy Support and Pivotal Gateway (SSPG) of B&R areas. Generally, from the evaluation results it can be concluded that only focusing on the subsystem of Responses cannot entirely address the water security problems within the B&R area. Therefore, to ensure sustainable water security in the region and in the country, the government needs to design water resource management mechanisms that take all the subsystems into account.

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Use of Risk Analysis for Water Security Assessment

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201929502008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 295 ◽

pp. 02008

Author(s):

Samah Jabari ◽

Isam Shahrour ◽

Jamal khatabi

Keyword(s):

Risk Analysis ◽

Water Security ◽

Security Level ◽

Security Assessment ◽

Security Issue ◽

Palestinian Territory

This paper presents analysis of water security using risk analysis. It contributes to an enhanced understanding of the water security issue through creating indicators and their use in the determination of the water security level. The paper presents first the methodology followed in this research, which includes three steps: identification of water risk drivers, the determination of their severity and likelihood and finally the calculation of the water security score. The paper presents the first step of the application of this methodology to Palestinian territory through the identification of the drivers of the water risk and the levels of both the severity and likelihood to be used in future water security assessment.

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Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage Hongshan District Ecological Security Assessment

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.673 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 610-613 ◽

pp. 673-676

Author(s):

Hui Li ◽

Si Qi Wang ◽

Wen Xi Wang ◽

Qiuchen Duan ◽

Guo Yan Li

Keyword(s):

Driving Forces ◽

Image Interpretation ◽

Safety Evaluation ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Security Level ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Security Assessment ◽

Ecological Safety ◽

Natural Heritage ◽

World Natural Heritage

Hongshan district is a typical region in Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage site of China. In recent years, human factors lead to series ecological security problems. Ecological safety assessment is an important basis to study regional ecological security situation. Using 2006 and 1990 time image interpretation data, we have built Driving forces- Pressure- State- Impact- Responses (DPSIR) model by GIS and structured ecological safety evaluation index system. Using Spss17 etc software and according to the weight and ecological safety factor calculation evaluated ecological safety in the area, and got the ecological security level space differences. The results show that three towns in the area 1990 to 2006 ecological safety evaluation, Gezan Village ecological security synthetical index reduced from 0.3335 to 0.4550, and the ecological security level dropped from 4 to 5, and in extremely insecurity state; Dongwang Village increased from 0.5252 to 0.5707, level keep 4, belong to quite insecurity state; Jiantang Township increased from 0.6438 to 0.6672, level keep 3, belong to insecurity state. We proposed ecological safety protection suggestions.

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Nitrogen and Water Utilization Efficiency of Barley Subjected To Desiccated Conditions in Moderately Salt-Affected Soil

Egyptian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.21608/agro.2015.203 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 231-249

Keyword(s):

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Water Utilization ◽

Salt Affected Soil

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Prediction of Water Security Level for Achieving Sustainable Development Objectives in Saskatchewan, Canada: Implications for Resource Conservation in Developed Economies

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127521 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 127521

Author(s):

Armin Aalirezaei ◽

Md Saiful Arif Khan ◽

Golam Kabir ◽

Dr. Syed Mithun Ali

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Water Security ◽

Resource Conservation ◽

Security Level ◽

Developed Economies ◽

Development Objectives

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Objectives and Indexes for Implementation of Sponge Cities—A Case Study of Changzhou City, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w10050623 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 623 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zhengzhao Li ◽

Mingjing Dong ◽

Tony Wong ◽

Jianbin Wang ◽

Alagarasan Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Flood Control ◽

Water Security ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

City Development ◽

Lake Water Quality ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Sponge City ◽

The City

This paper presents a framework of objectives and indexes for sponge cities implementation in China. The proposed objectives and indexes aims to reflect whether the city is in accord with the sponge city. Different cities have different objectives and indexes as each city has its own geologic and hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, the main problems (e.g., water security and flood risks) in the central urban area of Changzhou city, China were evaluated scientifically. According to the local conditions, four objectives and eleven indexes have been made as a standard to estimate the sponge city and set a goal for the city development to reach the goal of sustainable urban development. The strategy of process control was implemented to improve the standard of urban drainage and flood control facilities, regulate total runoff and reduce storm peak flow, and the ecological monitoring of the function of the rivers and lakes. The objectives of sponge cities include water security, water quality improvement, healthy water ecosystems, and water utilization efficiency. Urban flood prevention capacity, river and lake water quality compliance, and annual runoff control are the key objectives to encourage the use of non-conventional water resources.

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Water security assessment with the improvement of modifying the boundary consistency between footprint and provision

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149639 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 149639

Author(s):

Yanan Liang ◽

Yanpeng Cai ◽

Xuan Wang ◽

Chunhui Li ◽

Qiang Liu

Keyword(s):

Water Security ◽

Security Assessment

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Industrial Land Change in Chinese Silk Road Cities and Its Influence on Environments

Land ◽

10.3390/land10080806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Sidong Zhao ◽

Yiran Yan ◽

Jing Han

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Spatial Relations ◽

Silk Road ◽

Driving Mechanism ◽

Ecological State ◽

Land Change ◽

Industrial Land ◽

Belt And Road ◽

The Belt And Road

The “Belt and Road” has developed from a Chinese initiative to an international consensus, and Silk Road cities are becoming a strategic step for its high-quality development. From the perspective of industrialization, the “Belt and Road” can be regarded as a “spillover” effect of the industrialization process in China. With the spatial shift of Chinese industries along the “Belt and Road” and their clustering in Silk Road cities, the development and change of industrial land in Silk Road cities has become a new area of concern for governments and scholars. In this paper, the driving mechanism of industrial land change in 129 cities along the Silk Road in China is empirically studied by the GeoDetector method. The findings include: first, the development and changes of industrial land in Silk Road cities are significantly spatially heterogeneous, and the “Belt and Road” reshapes the town system and economic geography along the route by virtue of the differentiated configuration and changes of industrial land, changing the social, political, landscape and spatial relations in cities on the line. Second, the driving forces of industrial land change in Silk Road cities under the influence of the “Belt and Road Initiative” are increasingly diversified and differentiated, with significant two-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement interaction between two driving factors, and growing complexity of the driving mechanisms, requiring policy makers to design policies based on key factors, comprehensive factors and their interaction. Third, the environmental effect of industrial land change is highly complex. The industrial land quantity has a direct impact on the ecological state parameter and plays a decisive role in the quality of the ecological environment and its changes in Silk Road cities. However, changes in the industrial land affect the ecological state change indirectly, mainly interacting with it through the coupling of pollutant and carbon dioxide emissions, energy use, ecological planning and landscape design and policy interventions. Finally, this study provides a new framework and method for Silk Road scholars to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of land use and coverage in cities along the “Belt and Road” and their influence mechanisms, and provides a basis for the government to make decisions on industrial land supply and layout planning and spatial governance policy design, which is of great theoretical significance and practical value.

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How High-Quality Urbanization Affects Utilization Efficiency of Agricultural Water Resources in the Yellow River Basin under Double Control Action?

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12072869 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2869

Author(s):

Xiling Zhang ◽

Yusheng Kong ◽

Xuhui Ding

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Yellow River ◽

Yellow River Basin ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Agricultural Water ◽

High Quality ◽

Water Utilization ◽

Urban Rural ◽

The Yellow River Basin

To promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, the total amount and intensity of agricultural water must be controlled. Further speaking, an urbanization development system should be established that is compatible with water resources and the water environment. We adopted the stochastic frontier analysis model to measure the agricultural water utilization efficiency of the Yellow River Basin from 2007 to 2017. We also adopted the dynamic panel difference generalized method of moments (GMM) and system GMM models to verify the driving factors, in which population urbanization, economic urbanization, and equilibrium urbanization levels were selected as the key variables. The results show that the overall efficiency of agricultural water utilization maintained a steady upward trend during the research period. The spatial differentiation was generally characterized by higher efficiency levels in the eastern region and lower levels in the western region. The variation coefficient of water utilization efficiency showed a downward trend in general, which indicates a space spillover effect. Agricultural water utilization efficiency continued to converge from 2007 to 2017, and the upper reaches area converged relatively more quickly. Regarding the influencing factors, the population urbanization, economic urbanization, balanced urbanization, crop planting ratio, and rice planting ratio had negative effects on agricultural water utilization efficiency. Urbanization did not positively affect agricultural water use efficiency as the related theories, so urbanization quality and urban–rural integration should be paid more attention. However, technology innovation was significantly positive in agricultural water utilization efficiency. The influencing factors of per capita water availability and annual precipitation did not pass the significance test. Therefore, the government should vigorously promote the development of high-quality new-type urbanization, scientifically formulate the scale and speed of urbanization, strengthen the urban, rural, and industrial integration, and promote the adjustment of planting structures and agricultural deep processing.

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