scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of Types of Electrode on the Removal of Multiple Pharmaceuticals from Water by Electrochemical Methods

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2332
Author(s):  
Yu-Jung Liu ◽  
Yung-Ling Huang ◽  
Shang-Lien Lo ◽  
Ching-Yao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electrode System ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pharmaceutical Removal ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Considering the lack of information on simultaneously removing multiple pharmaceuticals from water or wastewater by electrochemical methods, this study aimed to investigate the removal of multiple pharmaceuticals by electro-coagulation and electro-oxidation based on two types of electrodes (aluminum and graphite). The synthetic wastewater contained a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac), a sulfonamide antibiotic (sulfamethoxazole) and a β-blocker (atenolol). The pharmaceutical removal with electro-oxidation was much higher than those with the electro-coagulation process, which was obtained from a five-cell graphite electrode system, while the removal of pharmaceuticals with aluminum electrodes was about 20% (20 µM). In the electro-coagulation system, pharmaceutical removal was mainly influenced by the solubility or hydrophilicity of the compound. In the electro-oxidation system, the removal mechanism was influenced by the dissociation status of the compounds, which are attracted to the anode due to electrostatic forces and have a higher mass transformation rate with the electro-oxidation process. Therefore, atenolol, which was undissociated, cannot adequately be eliminated by electro-oxidation, unless the electrode’s surface is large enough to increase the mass diffusion rate.

scholarly journals Application of Taguchi’s experimental design method for optimization of Acid Red 18 removal by electrochemical oxidation process

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zabihollah Yousefi ◽  
Ali Zafarzadeh ◽  
Abdolaziz Ghezel
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Background: Electro-oxidation is developed as an electrochemical method to overcome the problems of the conventional decolorization technologies and is an appropriate alternative for the treatment of colored wastewater from various industries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the electrochemical oxidation process in removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Acid Red 18 (AR18) dye from aqueous solutions. Methods: In this research, a laboratory scale of electro-coagulation reactor for the treatment of synthetic wastewater was made and studied. The effects of different variables including pH, current density, dye concentration, and electrolysis time were investigated. The experiment steps were designed by DesignExpert 10 software using the selected variables. Finally, the dye and COD analysis was performed by spectrophotometer. The optimization was performed using Taguchi fractional factorial design during the removal of dye and COD. Results: Maximum removal of dye (89%) and COD (72.2%) were obtained at pH=3, current density=20 mA/cm2 , initial dye concentration=100 mg/L, and reaction time=45 min. ANOVA test showed a significant relationship between statistical model and test data. Also, the results indicate that the distribution of the residues of the model was normal. Conclusion: By designing experiments through Taguchi method, the removal process will be optimized and by decreasing the number of experiments, the optimal conditions for pollutant removal will be prepared. The results suggest that the Electro-oxidation system is a very suitable technique for the enhancement of wastewater treatment.

Electron Transfer in Electro-Oxidation of Amoxicillin Using Platinum Electrode and Platinum Modified Cobalt Electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 874 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Herlina ◽  
Muhammad Ali Zulfikar ◽  
Buchari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Continuous Use

Recently, the increased use of antibiotics in the environment has been studied and one of them is amoxicillin. Amoxicillin (AMX) is a pharmaceutical product that can become waste due to the continuous use and released into the ecosystem even at low concentrations. The electro-oxidation process is one of the electrochemical methods used to destruct the existence of antibiotics because the process is relatively fast and inexpensive. Platinum electrode and platinum modified cobalt electrodes are used for amoxicillin electro-oxidation at the pH of 2 - 7. The range of this amoxicillin's pH was achieved by the pKa's values of the amoxicillin and measured using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Electron transfer during the amoxicillin electro-oxidation process with these electrodes is measured by linear sweep voltammetry. The results obtained during the electro-oxidation process showed that electron transfer of amoxicillin was 1, with a Nernstian factor of 0.0521 V/pH for platinum electrode and platinum modified cobalt electrodes, Pt/Co(OH)2 and Pt/Co respectively with values of 0.0506 V/pH and 0.0673 V/pH.

A new strategy for determination of current efficiency during electro-oxidation of aromatic compounds in a packed-bed system

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2685-2691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhang Wang ◽  
Yuemin Zhao ◽  
Qingyu Gao ◽  
Cheng Qian ◽  
Yunlong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Faradaic Current ◽  
Packed Bed Electrode ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Electro Oxidation

The electro-oxidation of aromatic compounds in 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic (DSD) acid wastewater on IrO2–Ta2O5/Ti anodes was studied. The current efficiency was evaluated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by introducing a new factor, the fraction of the Faradaic current to the total cell current (β) through the network analysis of packed bed electrode system (PBEs). Experimental results using an up-flow PBEs at current intensities ranging from 5 to 16 A m−2, flow rates ranging from 20 to 80 L h−1 and inter-electrode distance of 5 to 50 cm are in good agreement with the proposed equation. In addition, lower current density, increasing flow rate and larger inter-electrode distance are beneficial to enhance the current efficiency.

Pharmaceutical Removal from Synthetic Wastewater Using Heterogeneous - Photocatalyst

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Mei Lee ◽  
Puganeshwary Palaniandy ◽  
Nastaein Qamaruz Zaman ◽  
Mohd Nordin Adlan
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Pharmaceutical Removal ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Very High

Compound Parabolic Collecting Reactor (CPCR) was designed and used for the heterogeneous-photocatalytic treatment process. Sunray was act as an economically and ecologically sensible light source. The photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol in the synthetic wastewater by using titanium dioxide (TiO2) was investigated. The experimental results show that the paracetamol removal rates were very high and nearly equal (97.2% to 99.7%) at pH 4-7 and TiO2 concentration of 0.5-1 g/L. This implies that the photocatalytic degradation rate of paracetamol is not affected by pH range in this study as the electrostatic interaction between the TiO2 and paracetamol is not able to be developed unless a wider range of pH is set. Furthermore, the concentration of TiO2 of 0.5 g/L is too high to treat the concentration of 10 mg/L of paracetamol. Further research is needed in order to identify the optimum pH condition and a suitable correlation of concentration between TiO2 and paracetamol. Finally, the results proved that the heterogeneous-photocatalyst treatment method which associated with the application of CPCR and solar energy is able to eliminate the paracetamol from the synthetic wastewater.

The Experimental Study on Landfill Leachate Treatment by Coagulation-Sedimentation + Electro-Oxidation Joint Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1472-1477
Author(s):  
Tao Yu ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Yin Xi Pan ◽  
Lin Hai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Electro Coagulation ◽  
Oxidation Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Elimination

The technology used the coagulation-sedimentation + electro-oxidation joint reactor has been studied to treat landfill leachate. First adding FeCl30.4g/L into all leachate for coagulation and sedimentation, its CODcr elimination rate can achieve 35%, but does have no effect on ammonia nitrogen. Then using electro-oxidation reactor to deal with effluent water, the reaction order of electro-oxidation reactor is first-level, as the reaction conditions are 20mA/cm2 of electric current density, 140min of reaction time, the leachate CODcr elimination rate can reach to above 90%, the ammonia nitrogen elimination rate meets to 98% around. Using coagulation-sedimentation + electro coagulation joint reactor to treat landfill leachate can get stable effluent water quality with good treatment effect, has very high elimination efficiency of CODcr and ammonia nitrogen. It is a suitable treatment technology for landfill leachate.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Anode Efficiency in Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater and Sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1064
Author(s):  
Jannatul Rumky ◽  
Walter Z. Tang ◽  
Mika Sillanpää
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Electrode Distance ◽  
Reactor Volume ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Abstract Electrochemical processes have proven their potential as effective technologies to treat wastewater from industrial, urban and agricultural activities, and thus, contribute towards a cleaner environment. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the leading electrochemical technologies, such as electro-oxidation, electrochemical coagulation and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), statistically for different types of anodes for the removal of various pollutants from wastewater along with their treatment efficiency. Anode is considered as a source of electron and an essential part of electrochemical processes. So, we have evaluated the relationship between different anode features such as anodic material, surface area versus removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and colour in various wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Apart from that, various process characteristics such as inter-electrode distance, system pH, reactor volume, current density and voltage were also considered in this investigation. From the regression analysis of the electrochemical coagulation system, it was found that the removal efficiency of pollutants is enhanced by the surface area of the electrodes along with the inter-electrode distance. Regarding electro-oxidation, it was seen that COD and colour removal are both dependent on the reaction time of the system, while the DOC removal rate of different EAOPs was strongly related to the reactor volume. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the regression analysis on pollutant removal efficiency prediction was assessed. Finally, sensitivity analysis was done by Monte-Carlo method to check modest changes from input variables.

scholarly journals Coupling Ultrasound to the Electro‐Oxidation of Methyl Paraben Synthetic Wastewater: Effect of Frequency and Supporting Electrolyte

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawany Dionisio ◽  
Artur J. Motheo ◽  
Cristina Sáez ◽  
Pablo Canizares ◽  
Manuel A. Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Methyl Paraben ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Treatment of Coal Stockpile Wastewater by Electrocoagulationusing Aluminum Electrodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusdianasari ◽  
Yohandri Bow ◽  
Ahmad Taqwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Manganese Removal ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Aluminum Electrodes ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Electro Coagulation

The performance of electro coagulation system with aluminum and iron electrodes to remove heavy metals from actual wastewater of coal's stockpile which has studied. The effects of process variables such as electrode material, current density and operation time for electro coagulation process are investigated on ferrous and manganese removal efficiencies. Preliminary results show that the electro coagulation process is able to enhance the removal of heavy metal contents. The batch experiment results showed that the high heavy metals which is contained wastewater coal's stockpile can be effectively treated by electro coagulation system using aluminum electrodes. The overall removal efficiencies of heavy metals have been obtained at 89.7% for ferrous and 94.6% for manganese, respectively. The removal rates of those elements were increase with operation time. Therefore, electro coagulation technique to remove high content of heavy metal and TSS from wastewater of coal's stockpile is found effective and friendly with the environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Chloride Ions on Electro-Coagulation to Treat Industrial Wastewater Containing Cu and Ni

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7693
Author(s):  
Chien-Hung Huang ◽  
Shan-Yi Shen ◽  
Chiu-Wen Chen ◽  
Cheng-Di Dong ◽  
Mohanraj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Electro Coagulation

A series of experiments with different NaCl concentrations added to the PCB (printed circuit board) wastewater were prepared to investigate the chloride effect on the formation of aluminum floc and removal efficiency of Cu and Ni. The effects of pH, current density, and different concentration of NaCl were studied and the results are discussed. Results imply that chloride ions are favored to avoid the passivation of the aluminum anode in the EC (electro-coagulation) system. Chloride ions used as the electrolyte can facilitate the release of Al3+, which results in the current efficiency of over 100% in the EC system. For the PCB factory’s wastewater, the EC system could remove Cu2+ and Ni2+ effectively (both Cu and Ni concentration of treated wastewater was less than 1.0 mg/L within three minutes). PCB wastewater’s pH value could maintain stably about 9.0 in the EC system when the initial pH value was around 2.5. The estimated electricity consumption for treating PCB wastewater by the EC process was about 0.894 kWh for each meter of cubic wastewater.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document