scholarly journals Adsorption by Granular Activated Carbon and Nano Zerovalent Iron from Wastewater: A Study on Removal of Selenomethionine and Selenocysteine

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Stanley Onyinye Okonji ◽  
Linlong Yu ◽  
John Albino Dominic ◽  
David Pernitsky ◽  
Gopal Achari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Nano Zerovalent Iron

Selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) are the most common forms of organic selenium, which is often found in the effluent of industrial wastewater. These organic selenium compounds are toxic, bioavailable and most likely to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. This study investigated the use of two adsorbent candidates (granular activated carbon (GAC) and nano zerovalent iron (nZVI)) as treatment technologies for SeMet and SeCys removal. Batch experiments were performed and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used for sample analysis. Experimental data showed GAC demonstrated a higher affinity towards the removal of SeMet and SeCys compared to nZVI. The removal efficiency of SeCys and SeMet by GAC was 96.1% and 86.7%, respectively. NZVI adsorption capacity for SeCys was 39.4% and SeMet < 1.1%. Irrespective of the adsorbent, SeMet is more refractory to be adsorbed compared to SeCys. Kinetics data of GAC and nZVI agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.990). The experimental data of SeCys was characterized by Langmuir model, indicating monolayer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of nZVI for SeCys increased significantly by about 35%, with a decrease in pH from 9.0 to 4.0, indicating that SeCy removal by nZVI is pH dependent. While electrostatic attraction is considered the driving mechanism for nZVI adsorption, GAC uptake capacity is controlled by weak van der Waal forces. The adsorption of binary adsorbates (SeMet and SeCys) exhibited an inhibitory effect due to the competitive interaction between contaminant molecules.

scholarly journals Electroadsorption of Bromide from Natural Water in Granular Activated Carbon

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
David Ribes ◽  
Emilia Morallón ◽  
Diego Cazorla-Amorós ◽  
Francisco Osorio ◽  
María J. García-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Anodic Treatment ◽  
Positive Polarization ◽  
Two Stages

The adsorption and electroadsorption of bromide from natural water has been studied in a filter-press electrochemical cell using a commercial granular activated carbon as the adsorbent. During electroadsorption experiments, different voltages were applied (2 V, 3 V and 4 V) under anodic conditions. The presence of the electric field improves the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The decrease in bromide concentration observed at high potentials (3 V or 4 V) may be due to the electrochemical transformation of bromide to Br2. The anodic treatment produces a higher decrease in the concentration of bromide in the case of cathodic electroadsorption. Moreover, in this anodic electroadsorption, if the system is again put under open circuit conditions, no desorption of the bromide is produced. In the case of anodic treatment in the following adsorption process after 24 h of treatment at 3 V, a new decrease in the bromide concentration is observed as a consequence of the decrease in bromide concentration after the electrochemical stage. It can be concluded that the electroadsorption process is effective against the elimination of bromide and total bromine in water, with a content of 345 and 470 µg L−1, respectively, reaching elimination values of 46% in a single-stage electroadsorption process in bromide and total bromine. The application of the electric field to the activated carbon with a positive polarization (anodic electroadsorption) increases the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon significantly, achieving a reduction of up to 220 µg L−1 after 1 h of contact with water. The two stage process in which a previous electrochemical oxidation is incorporated before the electroadsorption stage significantly increased the efficiency from 46% in a single electroadsorption step at 3 V, to 59% in two stages.

Application of Carbonaceous Materials to Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fang Dong ◽  
Li Hua Zang ◽  
Qing Chao Gong ◽  
Cun Cun Chen ◽  
Cai Hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Studies

Low cost carbonaceous materials were evaluated for their ability to remove phenol from wastewater. The effects of adsorbents dosage, contact time and maximum adsorption capacity were investigated for granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, petroleum coke and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT). Equilibrium studies were conducted in 50mg/L initial phenol concentration, solution pH of 5 and at temperature of 23°C. The results showed the adsorption process was fast and it reached equilibrium in 3 h. Petroleum coke and MWNT had poor adsorption which could reach the removal efficiency of phenol with 43.18% and 36.64% respectively. The granular activated carbon possessed good adsorption ability to phenol with 96.40% at the optimum dosage 5g and optimum time 90min.The powdered activated carbon was an effective adsorbent with a maximum adsorption capacity of 42.32 mg/g.

Experimental validation of a test to estimate the remaining adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon for taste and odour compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Huang ◽  
Zhijie Nie ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Audrey Murray ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity

A test was developed to measure the present-day adsorptive capacity of granular activated to help drinking water treatment professionals to determine when the GAC needs replacement.

scholarly journals Experimental data for aluminum removal from aqueous solution by raw and iron-modified granular activated carbon

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Mahdavi ◽  
Afshin Ebrahimi ◽  
Amir Hossein Mahvi ◽  
Ali Fatehizadeh ◽  
Farham Karakani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon

Effects of molecular oxygen on GAC adsorption of energetics

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. VanderLoop ◽  
Makram T. Suidan ◽  
Sandra R. Berchtold ◽  
Moustafa A. Moteleb ◽  
Stephen W. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Degradation Reactions ◽  
Gac Adsorption

Munitions wastewaters are commonly treated by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption followed by incineration of the spent carbon. The design of effective GAC unit processes hinges on the knowledge of GAC adsorption capacity for the compounds of interest as well as the types of chemical interactions to expect. GAC can often catalyze polymerization or chemical degradation of the adsorbate in the presence of molecular oxygen. Some adsorbates, though less common, may be subject to catalytic activity even when no molecular oxygen is present. The products of these interactions may enhance or interfere with effective waste treatment. This study individually evaluated the adsorption properties of a variety of energetics compounds. A number of surface catalyzed polymerization and degradation reactions were noted.

Numerical Modeling of Phenol Adsorption on Granular Activated Carbon Fixed Bed: Comparison of Two Numerical Methods to Solve the Advection-dispersion Equation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounira Kolli ◽  
Safia Semra ◽  
Fatiha Benmahdi ◽  
Mohamed Bouhelassa ◽  
Michel Sardin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Dispersion Equation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Picard Iteration ◽  
Advection Dispersion ◽  
Newton Raphson ◽  
Runge Kutta

AbstractThis paper presents a comparison between some numerical methods and techniques for solving the nonlinear advection-dispersion equation, which may be used to describe the adsorption of phenol into a granular activated carbon fixed bed under local equilibrium conditions. The adsorption is described by the Langmuir isotherm, which makes the advection-dispersion equation nonlinear. This equation is solved successively by using the approximation and linearization techniques. For each technique, two types of numerical algorithms are used. Concerning the first one, the Implicit and the Runge Kutta schemes are used. As for the second one, the Modified Picard iteration and the Newton Raphson scheme are applied. Simulation results have been compared to each other and to the experimental data as well. Both of the Implicit and the Runge Kutta algorithms have led to superimposed simulated breakthrough curves. Both of the modified Picard and Newton Raphson schemes have given identical results too. However, comparing to the experimental data, the obtained solution, using the approximation technique, has underestimated the retardation of solute and failed in fitting the experimental breakthrough. The Obtained solution, using the linearization technique, has correctly fitted the experimental results under all the conditions of: feed flow rate, activated carbon bed height and the inlet phenol concentration.

Enhanced Fenton-like removal of nitrobenzene via internal microelectrolysis in nano zerovalent iron/activated carbon composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihai Hu ◽  
Yaoguo Wu ◽  
Hairui Yao ◽  
Cong Lu ◽  
Chengjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxidation Kinetic ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Nano Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Iron Leaching

The efficiency of Fenton-like catalysis using nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) is limited by nZVI aggregation and activity loss due to inactive ferric oxide forming on the nZVI surface, which hinders electron transfer. A novel iron–carbon composite catalyst consisting of nZVI and granular activated carbon (GAC), which can undergo internal iron–carbon microelectrolysis spontaneously, was successfully fabricated by the adsorption–reduction method. The catalyst efficiency was evaluated in nitrobenzene (NB) removal via the Fenton-like process (H2O2-nZVI/GAC). The results showed that nZVI/GAC composite was good for dispersing nZVI on the surface of GAC, which permitted much better removal efficiency (93.0%) than nZVI (31.0%) or GAC (20.0%) alone. Moreover, iron leaching decreased from 1.28 to 0.58 mg/L after reaction of 240 min and the oxidation kinetic of the Fenton-like reaction can be described well by the second-order reaction kinetic model (R2 = 0.988). The composite catalyst showed sustainable catalytic ability and GAC performed as a medium for electron transfer in internal iron–carbon microelectrolysis to promote Fe2+ regeneration and Fe3+/Fe2+ cycles. Therefore, this study represents an important method to design a low cost and high efficiency Fenton-like catalyst in practical application.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Benzenesulfonate on SO42− Removal from Water by Polypyrrole-Modified Activated Carbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Dong-Sheng Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Tian-Yu Li ◽  
Hong-Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Sulfate Adsorption ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Desorption Cycle

Sodium benzenesulfonate was doped into polypyrrole-modified granular activated carbon (pyrrole-FeCl3·(6H2O)-sodium benzenesulfonate-granular activated carbon; PFB-GAC) with the goal of improving the modified GAC’s ability to adsorb sulfate from aqueous solutions. At a GAC dosage of 2.5 g and a pyrrole concentration of 1 mol L−1, the adsorption capacity of PFB-GAC prepared using a pyrrole:FeCl3·(6H2O):sodium benzenesulfonate ratio of 1000 : 1500 : 1 reached 23.05 mg g−1, which was eight times higher than that for GAC and two times higher than that for polypyrrole-modified GAC without sodium benzenesulfonate. Adsorption was favored under acidic conditions and high initial sulfate concentrations. Doping with sodium benzenesulfonate facilitated polymerization to give polypyrrole. Sodium benzenesulfonate introduced more imino groups to the polypyrrole coating, and the N+ sites improved ion exchange of Cl− and SO42− and increased the adsorption capacity of sulfate. Adsorption to the PFB-GAC followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model, and adsorption was exothermic. Regeneration using a weak alkali (NH3·H2O), which released OH− slowly, caused less damage to the polypyrrole than using a strong alkali (NaOH) as the regeneration reagent. NH3·H2O at a concentration of 12 mol L−1 (with the same OH− concentration as 2 mol L−1 NaOH) released 85% of the sorbed sulfate in the first adsorption-desorption cycle, and the adsorption capacity remained >6 mg g−1after five adsorption-desorption cycles.

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