scholarly journals Relationship between Earthquake-Induced Hydrologic Changes and Faults

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2795
Author(s):  
Yuchuan Ma ◽  
Guangcai Wang ◽  
Rui Yan ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Huaizhong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Storage Coefficient ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Pressure Development ◽  
Fault Damage Zone ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Hydraulic properties of fault zones are important to understanding the pore pressure development and fault stability. In this work, we examined the relationship between water level changes caused by the 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 earthquake and faults using four wells with the same lithology around the Three Gorges Dam, China. Two of the wells penetrating the fault damage zones recorded sustained water level changes, while the other two wells that are not penetrating any fault damage zones recorded transient water level changes. The phase shift and tidal factor calculated from water level, a proxy of permeability and storage coefficient, revealed that both the permeability and storage coefficient changed in the two wells penetrating the fault damage zones, while the other two wells not penetrating the fault damage zone did not show any change in permeability and storage coefficient. Thus, we tentatively suggest that faults may play an important controlling role on earthquake-induced hydrologic changes because the detrital or clogging components in the fractures may be more easily removed by seismic waves.

Sedimentary Cladocera as indicators of past water-level changes in shallow northern lakes

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa Nevalainen ◽  
Kaarina Sarmaja-Korjonen ◽  
Tomi P. Luoto
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sediment Record ◽  
Inference Model ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Lower Water Level ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe usability of subfossil Cladocera assemblages in reconstructing long-term changes in lake level was examined by testing the relationship between Cladocera-based planktonic/littoral (P/L) ratio and water-level inference model in a surface-sediment dataset and in a 2000-yr sediment record in Finland. The relationships between measured and inferred water levels and P/L ratios were significant in the dataset, implying that littoral taxa are primarily deposited in shallow littoral areas, while planktonic cladocerans accumulate abundantly mainly in deepwater locations. The 2000-yr water-level reconstructions based on the water-level inference model and P/L ratio corresponded closely with each other and with a previously available midge-inferred water-level reconstruction from the same core, showing a period of lower water level around AD 300–1000 and suggesting that the methods are valid for paleolimnological and -climatological use.

The Quantitative Model Research of Impact of Water Level Changes on Channel Capacity

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 1419-1423
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Liu Yao ◽  
Chen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Model Research ◽  
The Relationship

Water level determines channel capacity, in order to protect the safety of navigation and give full play to the advantages of shipping, the paper analyzes the relationship between the draft and loading rate of various types of ships, and proposed the quantitative model of impact of water level changes on channel capacity, the results showed: small ships are less affected by water level changes, and large ships are great affected by water level changes, the actual amount of cargo related the ship design parameters, this article has a certain reference value for navigation management and planning.

A study of the association between moorland vegetation and breeding sites of Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Kettle
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Zone ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Acid Grassland ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryA major problem in using larvicides to control Culicoides is to recognise the sites requiring treatment. The relationship between plant cover and breeding of Culicoides (mainly C. impunctatus Goetgh.) was accordingly investigated in moorland areas of Scotland. Two sites were examined on Soutra Hill, Midlothian, and one each on Bannachra Muir and at Luss, Dunbartonshire. Three vegetational zones were recognised on Soutra (site 1): bogland (I), acid grassland (III) and a zone (II) characterised by vegetation preferring a much wetter habitat than either of the foregoing. C. impunctatus was virtually the only Culicoides species found in zone I; it was relatively less abundant in zone II, where C. albicans (Winn.) reached its peak, and occurred most densely at the bogland edge of zone III, where it was associated with C. cubitalis Edw., C. heliophilus Edw. and C. obsoletus (Mg.). Further into the grassland, C. impunctatus decreased while the other three species became more numerous and other species, of the group of C. pulicaris (L.), appeared. Within each main zone there were no significant differences between the various floristic groups as regards larval densities.Fluctuations in population density observed in late autumn were regarded as more apparent than real, and attributable to larval movement in response to an oscillating factor, possibly soil-water level. This movement was recognisable in all zones but was most strongly marked where the ground was uneven.On Soutra (site 2), where only zones I and III were sampled, there was remarkable consistency among the larval densities of the various groups of samples examined. This applied whether the samples were classified on their angiosperm flora, moss cover or spatial arrangement. The main source of variation was within groups and it was found that two adjacent small plots (12 yd. & z.Times; 12 yd.) which were macroscopically identical showed consistent differences over a period of ten months, covering the transition from one generation to another.On Bannachra Muir, the larvae of C. impunctatus were concentrated in an area covered by Juncus articulatus and Sphagnum where the water flowed down the hillside near the surface. C. impunctatus avoided both an area of drier leaf mould and a stagnant ditch. C. albicans, C. heliophilus and C. obsoletus preferred the ditch to the hillside flow.Around a hillside trickle at Luss, larvae of C. impunctatus and C. truncorum Edw. were abundant in subequal numbers. In spite of the restricted size of the area (about 10 sq. yd.) they never occurred in equal numbers in any set of samples, but one or the other predominated. C. truncorum showed a preference for the very wet parts.

scholarly journals Marketing Problems of Potato Farmers in Munshigonj District of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Sifat Jahan ◽  
Mohammad Abul Hossain ◽  
Md Ahsan Habib ◽  
Shamima Akter Rimi ◽  
Md Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Negative Relationships ◽  
Storage Facilities ◽  
Marketing Problems

The study was conducted in the Lohajang upazilla under Munshigonj district. The main purposes of the study were i) to describe the selected characteristics of the potato farmers; ii). to determine the extent of marketing problems faced by the farmers and iii). to explore relationship between selected characteristics of the farmers and their marketing problems. From the findings it was revealed that about one half of the respondents were middle aged and another half was young (41.9%) and old (8.6%). The highest proportion (73.3%) achieved education ranging from primary to above secondary. Rest of the respondents had no school education. All the respondents had organizational participation. More than two third had medium to high organizational participation. Potato growers of Lohajang were not so much financially sound as the result showed that only (6.7 %) had high capability and the overwhelming majority (58.1% & 35.2%) were under low to medium category. Regarding knowledge, one half of the respondents had low knowledge and the other half had medium to high knowledge. Distance of market place showed not much problems because (81%) of the respondents stayed within 2 km of market place. Among the respondents, the highest (52.4%) proportion had medium storage facilities, while (23.8 %) potato growers had low and high storage facilities. Among the respondents the highest (49.5 %) potato growers faced medium problem in potato marketing. Regarding the relationship between the selected dependent and independent variable, it was observed that age and distance of market place had significant positive relationships with marketing problems of potato growers. Educational level, financial capabilities, extent of use of quality control, availability of marketing information and storage facilities had significant negative relationships with marketing problems of potato growers. On the other hand, organizational participation had no relationship with marketing problems of potato growers. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 33-40, April 2021

The Relationship Between Suicidal Thinking and Dating Violence in a Sample of Adolescent Abortion Patients

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen E. Ely ◽  
William R. Nugent ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Mholi Vimbba
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Adolescent Dating Violence ◽  
Adolescent Relationships ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between suicidal thinking and adolescent dating violence has not been previously explored in a sample of adolescent abortion patients. Aims: This paper highlights a study where the relationship between dating violence and severity of suicidal thinking was examined in a sample of 120 young women ages 14–21 seeking to terminate an unintended pregnancy. Methods: The Multidimensional Adolescent Assessment Scale and the Conflict in Adolescent Relationships Scale was used to gather information about psychosocial problems and dating violence so that the relationship between the two problems could be examined, while controlling for the other psychosocial problems. Results: The results suggest that dating violence was related to severity of suicidal thinking, and that the magnitude of this relationship was moderated by the severity of problems with aggression. Conclusions: Specifically, as the severity of participant’s general problems with aggression increased, the magnitude of the relationship between dating violence and severity of suicidal thinking increased. Limitations of the study and implications for practice are discussed.

Emotional Impact Feedback Changes How We Remember Negative Autobiographical Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Deryn Strange
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Negative Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Memories ◽  
Over Time

When people are told that their negative memories are worse than other people’s, do they later remember those events differently? We asked participants to recall a recent negative memory then, 24 h later, we gave some participants feedback about the emotional impact of their event – stating it was more or less negative compared to other people’s experiences. One week later, participants recalled the event again. We predicted that if feedback affected how participants remembered their negative experiences, their ratings of the memory’s characteristics should change over time. That is, when participants are told that their negative event is extremely negative, their memories should be more vivid, recollected strongly, and remembered from a personal perspective, compared to participants in the other conditions. Our results provide support for this hypothesis. We suggest that external feedback might be a potential mechanism in the relationship between negative memories and psychological well-being.

Haematocrit: Relationships with Blood Lipids, Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goya Wannamethee ◽  
A Gerald Shaper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe relationship between haematocrit and cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure and blood lipids, has been examined in detail in a large prospective study of 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. The analyses are restricted to the 5494 men free of any evidence of ischaemic heart disease at screening.Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake and lung function (FEV1) were factors strongly associated with haematocrit levels independent of each other. Age showed a significant but small independent association with haematocrit. Non-manual workers had slightly higher haematocrit levels than manual workers; this difference increased considerably and became significant after adjustment for the other risk factors. Diabetics showed significantly lower levels of haematocrit than non-diabetics. In the univariate analysis, haematocrit was significantly associated with total serum protein (r = 0*18), cholesterol (r = 0.16), triglyceride (r = 0.15), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17) and heart rate (r = 0.14); all at p <0.0001. A weaker but significant association was seen with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p <0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, lung function, presence of diabetes, social class and for each of the other biological variables; the relationship with systolic blood pressure was considerably weakened. No association was seen with blood glucose and HDL-cholesterol. This study has shown significant associations between several lifestyle characteristics and the haematocrit and supports the findings of a significant relationship between the haematocrit and blood lipids and blood pressure. It emphasises the role of the haematocrit in assessing the risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals, and the need to take haematocrit levels into account in determining the importance of other cardiovascular risk factors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document