scholarly journals A Polynomial Method Approximating S-Curve with Limited Availability of Reliable Rainfall Data

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3447
Author(s):  
Kee-Won Seong ◽  
Jang Hyun Sung
Keyword(s):  
Step Response ◽  
Polynomial Method ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Runoff Modeling ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
S Curve

A methodology named the step response separation (SRS) method for deriving S-curves solely from the data for basin runoff and the associated instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) is presented. The SRS method extends the root selection (RS) method to generate a clearly separated S-curve from runoff incorporated in mathematical procedure utilizing the step response function. Significant improvements in performance are observed in separating the S-curve with rainfall. A procedure to evaluate the hydrologic stability provides ways to minimize the oscillation of the S-curve associated with the determination of infiltration and baseflow. The applicability of the SRS method to runoff reproduction is examined by comparison with observed basin runoff based on the RS method. The SRS method applied to storm events for the Nenagh basin resulted in acceptable S-curves and showed its general applicability to optimization for rainfall-runoff modeling.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN AIR PADA DAS INDRAGIRI HILIR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL IHACRES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Jusatria Jusatria ◽  
Syahnandito Syahnandito ◽  
M Gasali M ◽  
Rezky Kinanda
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Runoff Modeling ◽  
Nonlinear Loss ◽  
Rain Data

The imbalance that occurs between the availability of water and the water needs needed in Indragiri Hilir requires a conseptual review and evaluation. The all-time distribution of water availability is greatly influenced by the distribution of rain throughout the year. Conceptual analysis of water discharge with the help of IHACRES software can help analyze DAS indragiri Hilir discharge. Rainfall-runoff modeling is used to predict the value against the runoff, using the IHACRES model. The IHACRES model produces nonlinear loss module parameters and linear unit hydrograph modules. AWLR will be used, namely Bt. Kuantan Rengat station, Rain Data which will be used from Tembilahan station and climatology used from Air Molek  station. Determination of success in the model used the equations R2 and R to calculate the deviation that occurs. The calibration, verification and simulation phases begin in 2010-2015. The results of conceptual analysis of water discharge in Indragiri Hilir watershed, mainstay discharge results for irrigation purposes with a probability of 80% maximum discharge occurred in February by 4.33 m3 / s and minimum discharge occurred in April by 0.34 m3/s. Overall availability of water on site is available throughout the year. but it cannot be used for hydropower needs because the available discharge may be affected by tidal factors.   Ketidakseimbangan yang terjadi antara ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air yang diperlukan di Indragiri Hilir memerlukan peninjauan dan evaluasi yang konseptual. Distribusi ketersedian air sepanjang waktu sangat dipengaruhi oleh distribusi hujan  sepanjang tahun . Analisis konseptual debit air dengan bantuan software IHACRES dapat membantu menganalisis debit DAS indragiri hilir. Pemodelan rainfall-runoff digunakan untuk   memprediksi nilai terhadap runoff salah satunya yaitu menggunakan model IHACRES. Model IHACRES menghasilkan parameter nonlinier loss module dan linier unit hydrograph module. AWLR akan digunakan yaitu stasiun Bt. Kuantan Rengat, Data Hujan yang akan digunakan  yaitu dari stasiun Tembilahan dan klimatologi yang digunakan dari stasiun Air Molek. Penentuan  keberhasilan pada model digunakan persamaan R2 dan R untuk menghitung simpangan yang terjadi. Tahap  kalibrasi, verifikasi dan simulasi dimulai tahun 2010-2015. Hasil analisis konseptual debit air pada DAS Indragiri Hilir, hasil debit andalan untuk keperluan irigasi dengan probabilitas 80% debit maksimum terjadi pada bulan Februari sebesar 4,33 m3/s dan debit minimum terjadi pada bulan April sebesar 0,34 m3/s. Secara keseluruhan ketersediaan air di lokasi tersedia sepanjang tahun. tetapi tidak bisa digunakan untuk kebutuhan PLTA karena debit yang tersedia mungkin dipengaruhi faktor pasang surut    

scholarly journals Research on the initial abstraction – storage ratio and its effect on hydrograph simulation at a watershed in Greece

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2169-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Baltas ◽  
N. A. Dervos ◽  
M. A. Mimikou
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Initial Abstraction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Runoff Events

Abstract. The present research was conducted at an experimental watershed in the prefecture of Attica, Greece, using the selected observed rainfall-runoff events from a four-year time period. The objectives of this study were two: The first was the determination of the initial abstraction Ia – watershed storage S ratio. The average ratio (Ia/S) was equal to 0.014. The corresponding ratio at a subwatershed was 0.037. The difference was attributed to the different spatial distribution of landuses at the extent of the watershed. The second objective of the study was to examine the effect of the SCS empirical equation on hydrograph simulation. This was investigated through the comparison between the observed and two different simulated hydrographs at each one out of eighteen selected storm events. The simulated hydrographs were calculated by applying on the watershed's unit hydrograph two time distributions of excess rainfall that derived from the SCS method using two different approaches. In the first approach, the initial abstraction was determined from the observed rainfall-runoff data, while in the second, it was calculated using the SCS empirical equation. It was found that the SCS empirical equation estimates greater amount of initial abstraction and leads to the delayed start of the excess rainfall and the simulated runoff. This resulted in the overestimation of the peak flow rate and the time to peak at the majority of the storm events.

Some Remarks on the Use of GIUH in the Hydrological Practice

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Corradini ◽  
F. Melone ◽  
V. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Design Hydrographs ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Basin Geomorphology

The geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) as a component of rainfall-runoff models directed to the determination of design hydrographs in ungaged basins is investigated. Specifically, we first performed a sensitivity analysis of the GIUH to errors in the basin lag estimated by commonly used empirical relationships involving basin area. Then, the details required in representing the geomorphologic features in the GIUH estimate for fixed basin lag, L, were examined. Real basins located in Central Italy were selected; they range in area from 12 km2 to 4,147 km2 and are characterized by a significant variability in the drainage channel density, D. It was found that given L a minimum detail was necessary in representing basin geomorphology. Further, the estimate of L through basin area led to large errors in computing design hydrographs for a few small basins. An explicit consideration of D is suggested in order to eliminate this shortcoming.

scholarly journals Derivation of S-Curve from Oscillatory Hydrograph Using Digital Filter

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Kee-Won Seong ◽  
Jang Hyun Sung
Keyword(s):  
Digital Filter ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Small Watershed ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
S Curve ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Smooth Data

An oscillatory S-curve causes unexpected fluctuations in a unit hydrograph (UH) of desired duration or an instantaneous UH (IUH) that may affect the constraints for hydrologic stability. On the other hand, the Savitzky–Golay smoothing and differentiation filter (SG filter) is a digital filter known to smooth data without distorting the signal tendency. The present study proposes a method based on the SG filter to cope with oscillatory S-curves. Compared to previous conventional methods, the application of the SG filter to an S-curve was shown to drastically reduce the oscillation problems on the UH and IUH. In this method, the SG filter parameters are selected to give the minimum influence on smoothing and differentiation. Based on runoff reproduction results and performance criteria, it appears that the SG filter performed both smoothing and differentiation without the remarkable variation of hydrograph properties such as peak or time-to peak. The IUH, UH, and S-curve were estimated using storm data from two watersheds. The reproduced runoffs showed high levels of model performance criteria. In addition, the analyses of two other watersheds revealed that small watershed areas may experience scale problems. The proposed method is believed to be valuable when error-prone data are involved in analyzing the linear rainfall–runoff relationship.

scholarly journals ANALISIS MODEL KONSEPTUAL DEBIT AIR PADA DAS INDRAGIRI HILIR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL IHACRES

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Jusatria Jusatria
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Runoff Modeling ◽  
Nonlinear Loss ◽  
R Value ◽  
Rain Data

The modelling of Indragiri Hilir drainage basin is very necessary, considered by Indragiri Hilir area which sometimes overflows into residential areas and disturbs residents' activities. Conceptual analysis of water discharge through the Ihacres software could help to analyze the flow of Indragiri Hilir drainage basin. Rainfall-runoff modeling is used to predict runoff values, one of which is the IHACRES model. The IHACRES model produces nonlinear loss module parameters and linear hydrograph module units. AWLR that will be used is Kuantan Rengat station, Rain Data that will be used are from Tembilahan station and climatology from Air Molek station. Determination of the success of the model used equation R2 and R to calculate the deviation that occurs. The calibration, verification and simulation phase starts in 2010-2015. The result of conceptual analysis of water discharge of Indragiri Hilir drainage basin, In the calibration stage of the IHACRES Model, the best scheme is scheme 2 with R2 value 0.861 and R value 0.864. While the verification phase is carried out with the following year the best scheme is scheme 3 with the highest R2 value with R2 -2,550 and R-value 1,603 and the simulation scheme is the best scheme 5 with R2-1,904 and R-1,341.

scholarly journals New method to calculate the dynamic factor–flow velocity in Geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingbing Chen ◽  
Peng Shi ◽  
Xiaomin Ji ◽  
Simin Qu ◽  
Lanlan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Dynamic Factor ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Geomorphological Parameters

Abstract The determination of characteristic flow velocity is a hydrodynamic problem needs to be solved in the application of geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) for runoff simulation in areas with no or limited data. In this study, 120 watersheds are collected to construct a regression model; 85 of these basins are used for regression analysis, and the 35 remaining basins are utilized to verify the feasibility of the constructed model. Random forest algorithm is applied to screen out important geomorphologic factors from the 16 extracted factors that may affect flow velocity. Multivariate regression is used to establish the numerical relationship between velocity and the selected factors. Sensitivity analysis of each adopted factor in the constructed model is conducted using the LH-OAT method. The rationality and feasibility of the regression model are validated by comparing the flow velocity calculation with a previous approach, which is also calculated based on geomorphological parameters. Subsequently, the runoff simulation based on the GIUH model is evaluated using the proposed technique. Results demonstrate that the proposed formula possesses high fitting accuracy and can be easily used to calculate flow velocity and generate GIUH.

Regionalization of rainfall–runoff processes in rice agriculture dominated watersheds

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Rajyalakshmi ◽  
S. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Watershed Response ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Unit Hydrographs

An approach for computing the instantaneous unit hydrograph of rice agriculture dominated watesheds is proposed using the topology and hydraulic charcterstics of its stream network and the hydrologic behaviour of the rice agriculture area. The effect of rice agriculture on the watershed response is considered as partial sink areas. The sink factor, a time-variant weight factor for a particular storm event, is computed from the daily water balanace equation of the rice field. The critcal features of the simulated instantaneous unit hydrographs in three gauged watersheds located in the river Mahanadi, India were then compared with that of the observed 24-hr unit hydrograph. The comparison shows a significant correlation between the two results.

Rainfall Runoff Hydrograph Prediction Using Dynamic Wave Based Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyeob Jeong ◽  
Jongho Kim ◽  
Dae-Hong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs ◽  
Dynamic Wave ◽  
Peak Value

<p>A method to predict runoff based on the instantaneous unit hydrograph and dynamic wave approximation is proposed. The method is capable of generating IUH of a watershed without the need of observed rainfall and runoff data, and only topography and surface roughness of a watershed are needed. IUHs were generated using a dynamic wave model and S-hydrograph method, and IUH generated was a function of both watershed and rainfall properties. The ordinate of IUH depends on the rainfall intensities, and the peak value of IUH was proportional to the rainfall intensity while the time to peak of the IUH was inversely proportional to the rainfall intensity.  Corresponding IUHs for different rainfall intensities were used to generate runoff hydrographs. Since the IUH is generated using a dynamic wave model, it can be a tool to physically simulate the rainfall-runoff processes. Also, nonlinear rainfall-runoff relationship can be taken into account by expressing IUH as a function of rainfall excess intensity. Several test results in ideal basins and in a real watershed show that the proposed method has a good capability in predicting runoff, while several limitations remain.</p><p>Keywords: rainfall-runoff, instantaneous unit hydrograph, dynamic wave model</p>

scholarly journals GIUH-Nash based runoff prediction for Debarwa catchment in Eritrea

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 05001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anghesom Gehbrehiwot ◽  
Dmitry Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Nash Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

Correct assessment of river flow is necessary to resolve a wide range of problems in the management and use of water resources. Recently, research towards the use of geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) coupled with other conceptual models approach for flood prediction from ungauged catchments has been intensified. Widespread accessibility to geographic information system and remotely sensed imagery which are powerful tools for acquiring model inputs is one possible reason. This study, therefore, aims at direct surface runoff (DSRO) prediction using the geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph based Nash model (GIUH-Nash) from ungauged catchment. DEM obtained from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) having 30 m resolution is used to generate the catchment’s physiographic and geomorphologic characteristics with the help of quantum geographic information system (QGIS). Based on this information, the GIUH-Nash model is used to simulate DSRO for different storm events. A visual comparison of observed values to predicted values of the runoff hydrographs as well as statistical indices shows that DSRO could be predicted with reasonable accuracy provided complete understanding of the model development and it’s evaluation procedures are properly followed. In respect of this, some key aspects that affect the performance of the model have been suggested.

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