scholarly journals Optimal Powertrain Design through a Virtual Development Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Piechottka ◽  
Ferit Küçükay ◽  
Felix Kercher ◽  
Michael Bargende
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Tool Chain ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Individual Market ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Electrical Components

The ever more stringent global CO2 and pollutant emission regulations imply that the optimization of conventional powertrains can only provide partial reductions in fleet emissions. Vehicle manufacturers are therefore responding by increasing the electrification of their powertrain portfolios. This in turn, results in higher levels of electrification of the individual powertrain units. The increase in electric power leads to a comprehensive range of possible technologies—from 48 V mild hybrids to pure electric concepts. The powertrain topology and the configuration of the electrical components of a hybrid powertrain play a decisive role in determining the overall efficiency when considering the individual market requirements. Different hybrid functions as well as performance and customer requirements are determined from statutory cycles and in customer operation. A virtual development chain that is based on MATLAB/Simulink then represents the steps for the identification, configuration, and evaluation of new electrified powertrains. The tool chain presented supports powertrain development through automated conceptualization, design, and evaluation of powertrain systems and their components. The outcome of the entire tool chain is a robust concept decision for future powertrains. Using this methodical and reproducible approach, future electrified powertrain concepts are identified.

THE SUBJECT FIELD OF INSTITUTIONAL EDUCATION: THE SENSE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Irina Mordous
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
National Education ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Separate Area ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Economic

The development of modern civilization attests to its decisive role in the progressive development of institutions. They identified the difference between Western civilization and the rest of the world. Confirmation of the institutional advantages of the West was its early industrialization. The genesis and formation of institutionalism in its ideological and conceptualmethodological orientation occurs as a process alternative to neoclassic in the context of world heterodoxia, which quickly spread in social science. Highlighting institutional education as a separate area of sociocultural activity is determined by the factor of differentiation of institutional theory as a whole. A feature of institutional education is its orientation toward the individual and his/her transformation into a personality. The content of institutional education is revealed through the analysis of the institution, which includes a set of established customs, traditions, ways of thinking, behavioral stereotypes of individuals and social groups. The dynamics of socio-political, economic transformations in Ukraine requires a review of the foundations of national education and determination of the prospects for its development in the 21st century in the context of institutionalism.

scholarly journals Does higher education properly prepare graduates for the growing artificial intelligence market? Gaps identification using text mining

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lamiae Benhayoun ◽  
Daniel Lang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Academic Training ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: The renewed advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is inducing profound changes in the classic categories of technology professions and is creating the need for new specific skills. OBJECTIVE: Identify the gaps in terms of skills between academic training on AI in French engineering and Business Schools, and the requirements of the labour market. METHOD: Extraction of AI training contents from the schools’ websites and scraping of a job advertisements’ website. Then, analysis based on a text mining approach with a Python code for Natural Language Processing. RESULTS: Categorization of occupations related to AI. Characterization of three classes of skills for the AI market: Technical, Soft and Interdisciplinary. Skills’ gaps concern some professional certifications and the mastery of specific tools, research abilities, and awareness of ethical and regulatory dimensions of AI. CONCLUSIONS: A deep analysis using algorithms for Natural Language Processing. Results that provide a better understanding of the AI capability components at the individual and the organizational levels. A study that can help shape educational programs to respond to the AI market requirements.

Expanding Coverage: Maintain A Role For The Individual Market

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (Suppl1) ◽  
pp. W391-W394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Young ◽  
Thomas F. Wildsmith
Keyword(s):  
Individual Market ◽  
The Individual

Foundation for Model Integration: Semantic Backplane

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Simko ◽  
Tihamer Levendovszky ◽  
Sandeep Neema ◽  
Ethan Jackson ◽  
Ted Bapty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Flow ◽  
Model Transformations ◽  
Model Integration ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Modeling Languages ◽  
Tool Chain ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Term Algebra

One of the primary goals of the Adaptive Vehicle Make (AVM) program of DARPA is the construction of a model-based design flow and tool chain, META, that will provide significant productivity increase in the development of complex cyber-physical systems. In model-based design, modeling languages and their underlying semantics play fundamental role in achieving compositionality. A significant challenge in the META design flow is the heterogeneity of the design space. This challenge is compounded by the need for rapidly evolving the design flow and the suite of modeling languages supporting it. Heterogeneity of models and modeling languages is addressed by the development of a model integration language – CyPhy – supporting constructs needed for modeling the interactions among different modeling domains. CyPhy targets simplicity: only those abstractions are imported from the individual modeling domains to CyPhy that are required for expressing relationships across sub-domains. This “semantic interface” between CyPhy and the modeling domains is formally defined, evolved as needed and verified for essential properties (such as well-formedness and invariance). Due to the need for rapid evolvability, defining semantics for CyPhy is not a “one-shot” activity; updates, revisions and extensions are ongoing and their correctness has significant implications on the overall consistency of the META tool chain. The focus of this paper is the methods and tools used for this purpose: the META Semantic Backplane. The Semantic Backplane is based on a mathematical framework provided by term algebra and logics, incorporates a tool suite for specifying, validating and using formal structural and behavioral semantics of modeling languages, and includes a library of metamodels and specifications of model transformations.

scholarly journals Ideas of Civil Religion in the Creative Work of Cyril Methodians

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Leonid Kondratyk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Religion ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Linear Character ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Ideas

Kondratyk L. "Ideas of Civil Religion in the Creative Work of Cyril Methodians". The author is based on the fact that the civil religion is such a sociocultural phenomenon in which, through the prism of a peculiar religious language and specific practices, the necessity of acquiring and establishing a national state is substantiated, which originates in the need of the community to find the sacral in the activity that is inherent in the transcendent, eternally -linear character and which is rooted in the history of the territory. It is proved that the soil on which the ideas of the Cyril and Methodius civil religion originated is Western European romanticism, religiosity, the starting point of which was the idea of religion as the focus of the spiritual world of the individual and community, the idea of the Higher Reason that sets the directions for historical development, Christianity a decisive role in the spiritual and moral and social renewal of mankind, the view of Ukraine as an independent cultural and historical and social force, the influence of creativity T. Shevche gt; The main ideas of the civil religion of the Cyril Methodians are as follows: the messianism of the Ukrainian spirit manifests itself in the ability to unite the Slavs in the best way, because Ukraine is inspired by self-sacrifice with the Christian spirit and has apostolic intercession; Kiev - the capital of the resurrected from the oppression of the Slavs, the city - in which the courts prevail, truth, equality; concepts "temple", "truth", "righteous judgment", "freedom", "brotherhood", "equality", "love", "Kiev", "Kiev mountains" - the basic concepts-symbols of the Ukrainian civil religion; in the Ukrainian community with the need to coincide Christian values and moral standards, which dominate it.

Payment for Dialysis Services in the Individual Market

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Trish ◽  
Matthew Fiedler ◽  
Ning Ning ◽  
Laura Gascue ◽  
Loren Adler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Market ◽  
The Individual

Empirical Study on the Correlations of Environmental Pollution, Human Capital, and Economic Growth

2013 ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Guangming ◽  
An Zhaofeng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Protection Authority

Based on 1990-2007 data in Guangdong China, this chapter studies the correlation of environmental pollution, human capital, and economic growth. The results show that Guangdong’s economic growth deteriorates the environmental quality. Highly skilled human capital is one of the main engines of the economic growth and the growth promotes the human capital’s accumulation. Upgrading the human capital helps controlling pollutant emission and environmental pollution depresses the human capital accumulation. Furthermore, the authors hope that understanding the individual relationships between environmental pollution and human capital or economic growth will help the environmental protection authority or governments in China to make more effective and efficient regulations or policies to coordinate the country’s sustainable development.

scholarly journals Regulating Markups in US Health Insurance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Cicala ◽  
Ethan M. J. Lieber ◽  
Victoria Marone
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Medical Claims ◽  
Commercial Markets ◽  
Individual Market ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Medical Loss Ratio

A health insurer's Medical Loss Ratio (MLR) is the share of premiums spent on medical claims, or the inverse markup over average claims cost. The Affordable Care Act introduced minimum MLR provisions for all health insurance sold in fully insured commercial markets, thereby capping insurer profit margins, but not levels. While intended to reduce premiums, we show this rule creates incentives to increase costs. Using variation created by the rule's introduction as a natural experiment, we find medical claims rose nearly one-for-one with distance below the regulatory threshold: 7 percent in the individual market and 2 percent in the group market. Premiums were unaffected. (JEL G22, H51, I13, I18)

Sizing Up the Individual Market for Health Insurance

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Abraham ◽  
Pinar Karaca-Mandic ◽  
Michel Boudreaux
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Individual Market ◽  
The Individual
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