scholarly journals The status of non-native bryozoans on the north coast of Ireland

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Porter ◽  
Julia Nunn ◽  
John Ryland ◽  
Dan Minchin ◽  
Mary Spencer Jones
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status

scholarly journals PERANAN “BANTAL SOSIAL” PADA MATA PENCAHARIAN NELAYAN SKALA KECIL DI JAWA

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Budi Wardono ◽  
Akhmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Quantitative Analysis Method ◽  
High Earning

Salah satu alasan yang kuat nelayan tangkap skala kecil tetap melaut meskipun mempunyai risiko tinggi karena peluang/prospek pendapatan/penerimaan yang tinggi pada satu saat. Risiko melaut tidak hanya membuat ketidakpastian tetapi juga karena risiko biaya operasional yang tinggi. Dihadapkan dengan kondisi biaya operasional yang  tinggi, nelayan menggunakan strategi yang berbeda, salah satunya melekat pada peran tengkulak. Dalam pandangan konvensional, pedagang perantara/ langgan sebagai hambatan bagi nelayan untuk menjadi kompetitif di pasar. Namun di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, mereka memainkan peran penting sebagai "bantal sosial" dalam kehidupan nelayan skala kecil. Tujuan penelitian adalah menyelidiki tingkat kecenderungan keterikatan hubungan langgan/pedagang antara sebagai “bantal sosial” dengan nelayan di dua daerah penangkapan ikan yang menonjol di pantai utara dan pantai selatan Jawa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode analisis kuantitatif yaitu model analisis multinomial logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nelayan dari pantai utara cenderung sangat kuat hubungannya dengan perantara untuk kelangsungan hidupnya dibandingkan dengan nelayan di pantai selatan. Implikasi dari temuan tersebut bahwa peran sentral langgan/perantara/tengkulak/langgan merupakan bentuk hubungan yang bersifat ekonomi dimana kedua belah pihak bisa mengambil keuntungan. Pola hubungan bukan hanya sekedar sebagai penyangga, namun lebih dari itu yaitu berfungsi sebagai “bantal” sosial (social cushion) para nelayan. Hubungan seperti ini merupakan bentuk layanan dimana para nelayan bisa mendapatkan alternatif layanan jasa “kredit” dari para perantara/langgan/tengkulak. Bentuk layanan seperti yang diperankan oleh langgan/pedagang perantara selama ini belum bisa digantikan oleh lembaga pemerintah yang resmi, dimana pola hubungan tersebut sangat dibutuhkan oleh nelayan skala kecil. Pola hubungan tersebut selain dipengaruhi oleh lokasi, juga dipengaruhi oleh status kepemilikan kapal, lama kepemilikan kapal dan jumlah ABK.Title: The Role “Social Cushion” On The Livelihood Of Small Scale Fishers In JavaOne of the strong reason for small scale fishers to keep fishing despite high risk of fishing, is the prospect of high earning at one moment in time. Risk at fishery not only  create uncertaining but also risk high cost of fishing. Faced with such a high cost, fishers use different strategies, one of which is attached to the middlemen. Convientional views middlemen as an obstacle for fishers to be competitive in the market. Yet in developing country such us Indonesia, they play crucial role as a “social cushion” in the livelihood of small scale fishers. The purpose of research is to investigate the tendency of engagement relationships middleman as "social cushion" with fishermen in the fishing areas that stand out on the north coast and the south coast of Java. Data was analyzed using quantitative analysis method multinomial logistic analysis model. Results of this study show that fishers of the northern coast tend to strongly attach to middlemen for their survival compared with those in the southern coast.  Relationships with fishermen middlemen is a service, where fishermen can get alternative services "credit" from the middleman. Services such as that played by middleman has not been able to replace them by official government agencies, where this kind of relationship is needed by small-scale fishermen. The relationship patterns in addition affected by the location, also influenced by the status of ownership of the vessel, long time ship ownership and the number of crew.  

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS VEGETASI MANGROVE DI PESISIR UTARA PULAU MENDANAU DAN PULAU BATU DINDING, KECAMATAN SELAT NASIK KABUPATEN BELITUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Irma Akhrianti ◽  
Franto Franto ◽  
Eddy Nurtjahya ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Small Island ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Island ◽  
The Status

Mendanau Island and Batu Dinding Island are part of small island groups that have a high diversity and density of mangroves. Based on administratively, Mendanau Island is located in the coastal area of Simpang Pesak District, Belitung Regency, which consist of one large island (Mendanau Island) and 1 small island (Batu Dinding Island). The lack of data about potential, diversity, and community structure of mangroves on the north coast of Mendanau Island and Batu Dinding Island, therefore this research is needed as a database for planning, sustainability management of mangroves at the coastal area and small island. The data of mangrove vegetation was taken by purposive sampling method, with using line transect plot (LTP). Ilustration of sampling design is each line transect have 3 plot / kuadratic transect sized 10 m x 10 m (capling), 5 m x 5m (sapling), 1m x 1 m (seedling). The result showed that there are 12 (twelve) mangrove species were found: jenis S. alba, R. apiculata, R.  stylosa, R. mucronata, B. gymnorhiza, X. granatum, L. littorea. S. hydrophyllacea, S. taccada, H. tiliaceus, Pandanus, dan I. pes-caprae.  Mangrove community structure and mangrove condition on the North Coast of Mendanau Island, at several observation stations, was damaged (poor conditions), while the status of the mangrove conditions on Pulau Batu Dinding was still relatively good

Value Addition Through Higher Education: With Special Reference To Skill Development In North East India

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Dr. Mini Jain ◽  
Dr. Mini Jain
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Quality Initiatives ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Skilled Manpower ◽  
The Status

In India, higher education is a need of hour. The excellence of Higher Edification decides the production of skilled manpower to the nation. Indian education system significantly teaching has not been tested too economical to form youths of our country employable in line with the requirement of job market. Despite the rise in range of establishments at primary, secondary and tertiary level our young educated folks don't seem to be capable of being used and recovering job opportunities. Reason being they need not non-heritable such skills essential for demand of the duty market. The present study is aimed at analyzing the status of higher education institutions in terms of Infrastructure, various courses of the institute, quality Initiatives and skill development program offered by the Institutes, in the North-East India region, so as to see whether the Higher Educational Institutes of this region are in the process of gradually developing the skills of the students in attaining excellence. The paper also laid emphasis on the measures adopted by these institutes for quality improvement, and to find out their role in combating the adversity acclaimed in the region, since this region’s development is impeded by certain inherent difficulties However, this paper focuses attention on high quality education with special emphasis on higher education for forward linkages through value addition.

MBAH HENDRO KUSUMO BIN SYECH AHMAD MUTAMAKKIN: JEJAK SYIAR ISLAM DI WILAYAH PATI

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathimatuz Zahra Dan Abdul Azis
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
The One

Pati is a region on the north coast, according to the hypothesis of the researcher, the region is divided into three categories. The northern regions are more religious, the central is more plural, while the southern region is in the middle. In the central region there are many relics of tombs believed to be the those of the Muslim proselytizers in the area of Pati. The one that attracts the researcher is a tomb in the Gambiran area, where there are five local Muslim saints buried, one of them belons to mbah Hendro Kusumo, the son of Syech Ahmad Mutamakkin. This article attempts to trace back the spreading of Islam in Pati based on the existence of thetomb of Mbah Hendro Kusumo. It wants to answer question of whethere the existence of his tomb is due to his studying there or marital relationship, and how it relates to the spreading of Islam.Keywords: Mbah Hendro Kusumo, Traces of Islamic Dakwah, Islam

The Tragedy of Lebanon

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-52
Author(s):  
Mahmud A. Faksh
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World War ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Henry Kissinger ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
New States

I.Since the end of World War 11, approximately eighty new states havebeen established. Only two, Pakistan and Cyprus, have undergone theagony of dismemberment when Bangladesh broke off in 1973 and theTurkish Republic of Northern Cyprus was declared in 1983. The worldmay now be witnessing the possible breakup of yet a third state:Lebanon, whose disintegration has been accelerated since the June 1982Israeli invasion.Shortly after the invasion began, Henry Kissinger assessed itsconsequence for Lebanon’s future, concluding, “It is neither desirablenor possible to return to the status quo ante in Lebanon.” One possibleoutcome was that some Syrian and Israeli forces would remain in thenorthern and southern ends, respectively, and the central government’sauthority would ostensibly cover the rest of the country. Implicit in theKissinger diagnosis is the possibility of eventual partition.Though the gloomy assessment by the “wizard” of US. foreign policyshould by no means be construed as a portent of an official shift awayfrom the publicly stated US. support of “Lebanon’s sovereignty andterritorial integrity,” a shadow was cast on the country’s prospects.Subsequent developments have seemed to indicate that Lebanon’sdemise looms larger than at any time since the beginning of the civil warin 1975-76.For over a year and a half national fragmentation has proceededinexorably. What many people once could imagine only with difficulty,they now acknowledge: in reality, Lebanon is facing possible death. TheSouth (35 percent of the land area) is occupied by Israel; the North andthe Biqa’ (45 percent) are controlled by Syria; Kasrawan (15 percent) iscontrolled by the Christian Maronite forces (the Lebanese Front forces),which are not subject to the government’s authority. The rest of thecountry-beleaguered Beirut and environs-was until the February1984 breakdown under the government’s shaky control supported bysymbolic US., French, Italian, and British units. The Multi-NationalForce (MNF) was subject to increasing attacks by Muslim leftist factions,as witnessed in the October 23 bombing of the quarters of U.S.Marines and French troops. Thus, instead of keeping peace, the MNFbecame ,a partisan force trying to protect itself. The US. and Frenchforces in particular seemed to have outlived their usefulness as“peacekeepers.” Recurrent fighting in southern Beirut and in theadjacent Chouf mountains, that pitted Christian Maronites and armyunits against Shi‘ite and Druse Muslims constantly threatened theexistence of President Amin Gemayel’s government and consequently arenewal of the civil war. This situation culminated in February 1984 inthe resignation of the Shafiq al-Wazzan’s cabinet, the loss ofgovernment’s control of West Beirut to Muslim-leftist militias, and theimminent collapse of Amin Gemayel’s presidency ...

4 The Tyara Site

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 44-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Beach ◽  
North Coast ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Small Boat ◽  
The North

The Tyara site, KkFb-7 in the National Museum catalogue and site file, faces the north coast of the Ungava mainland and rests on the west shore of Sugluk Island (Fig. 1). That island stands about five hundred yards from the mainland and from Sugluk Inlet, one of the few good harbors on that coast. This handsome little island, about one and one-half miles long and as wide, consists of rounded, rugged, hardrock hills that shelter well-vegetated, generally flat-floored valleys. The valleys often contain marshy patches. The shore, of variable incline, is quite jagged, a result of abrupt rock outcrops projecting seaward from brief stretches of sandy beach. The shore facing the mainland is, therefore, quite convenient for small boat use. Dark grey gneisses seem to predominate, although they are often cut by dykes and veins of lighter material, notably quartz. The dense, green valley and hillside vegetation includes willows, mosses, grasses, lichens, and a pleasant profusion of arctic wild flowers (Polunin 1948, Pt. III). I was told at Sugluk that at the head of the inlet, willows, growing in protected situations, reach the thickness of a man's wrist.

Seed production and seedling emergence of Giant Parramatta grass on the north coast of New South Wales

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Andrews ◽  
RDB Whalley ◽  
CE Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
The Impact

Inputs and losses from Giant Parramatta grass [GPG, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. major (Buse) Baaijens] soil seed banks were quantified on the North Coast of New South Wales. Monthly potential seed production and actual seed fall was estimated at Valla during 1991-92. Total potential production was >668 000 seeds/m2 for the season, while seed fall was >146000 seeds/m2. Seed fall >10000 seeds/m2.month was recorded from January until May, with further seed falls recorded in June and July. The impact of seed production on seed banks was assessed by estimating seed banks in the seed production quadrats before and after seed fall. Seed banks in 4 of the 6 sites decreased in year 2, although seed numbers at 1 damp site increased markedly. Defoliation from mid-December until February, April or June prevented seed production, reducing seed banks by 34% over 7 months. Seed banks in undefoliated plots increased by 3300 seeds/m2, although seed fall was estimated at >114 000 seeds/m2. Emergence of GPG seedlings from artificially established and naturally occurring, persistent seed banks was recorded for 3 years from bare and vegetated treatment plots. Sown seeds showed high levels of innate dormancy and only 4% of seeds emerged when sown immediately after collection. Longer storage of seeds after collection resulted in more seedlings emerging. Estimates of persistent seed banks ranged from 1650 to about 21260 seeds/m2. Most seedlings emerged in spring or autumn and this was correlated with rainfall but not with ambient temperatures. Rates of seed bank decline in both bare and vegetated treatment plots was estimated by fitting exponential decay curves to seed bank estimates. Assuming no further seed inputs, it was estimated that it would take about 3 and 5 years, respectively, for seed banks to decline to 150 seeds/m2 in bare and vegetated treatments.

scholarly journals The Potential of GRASP/GARRLiC Retrievals for Dust Aerosol Model Evaluation: Case Study during the PreTECT Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Dimitra Konsta ◽  
Alexandra Tsekeri ◽  
Stavros Solomos ◽  
Nikolaos Siomos ◽  
Anna Gialitaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Sun Photometer

We use the Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol Surface Properties algorithm (GRASP) to compare with dust concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM model for a specific dust episode. The GRASP algorithm provides the possibility of deriving columnar and vertically-resolved aerosol properties from a combination of lidar and sun-photometer observations. Herein, we apply GRASP for analysis of a Saharan dust outburst observed during the “PREparatory: does dust TriboElectrification affect our ClimaTe” campaign (PreTECT) that took place at the North coast of Crete, at the Finokalia ACTRIS station. GRASP provides column-averaged and vertically resolved microphysical and optical properties of the particles. The retrieved dust concentration profiles are compared with modeled concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM dust model. To strengthen the results, we use dust concentration profiles from the POlarization-LIdar PHOtometer Networking method (POLIPHON). A strong underestimation of the maximum dust concentration is observed from the NMME-DREAM model. The reported differences between the retrievals and the model indicate a high potential of the GRASP algorithm for future studies of dust model evaluation.

scholarly journals Thinner Sea Ice Contribution to the Remarkable Polynya Formation North of Greenland in August 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Shen ◽  
Chang-Qing Ke ◽  
Bin Cheng ◽  
Wentao Xia ◽  
Mengmeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Wind Sea ◽  
The One

AbstractIn August 2018, a remarkable polynya was observed off the north coast of Greenland, a perennial ice zone where thick sea ice cover persists. In order to investigate the formation process of this polynya, satellite observations, a coupled ice-ocean model, ocean profiling data, and atmosphere reanalysis data were applied. We found that the thinnest sea ice cover in August since 1978 (mean value of 1.1 m, compared to the average value of 2.8 m during 1978–2017) and the modest southerly wind caused by a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (mean value of 0.82, compared to the climatological value of −0.02) were responsible for the formation and maintenance of this polynya. The opening mechanism of this polynya differs from the one formed in February 2018 in the same area caused by persistent anomalously high wind. Sea ice drift patterns have become more responsive to the atmospheric forcing due to thinning of sea ice cover in this region.

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