THE EFFECT OF KAPPA-AND BETA-CASEIN GENOTYPES ON BREEDING VALUES OF MILK PRODUCTION TRAITS IN HOLSTEIN SIRES ORIGINATED IN MOSCOW REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
В. ФИЛИПЕНКОВА Г ◽  
А. СЕРМЯГИН А ◽  
И.Н. ЯНЧУКОВ ◽  
Н. ЕРМИЛОВ А ◽  
С. ДЕЛЯН А
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
Beta Casein

Проведены исследования на 103 быках-производителях голштинской породы черно- и красно-пестрой масти Московской области, оцененных методами BLUP и GBLUP. Производителей разделили на 3 группы в зависимости от года их рождения (г. р.): до 2005 г. р. (n=18), с 2006 по 2010 г. р. (n=34) и с 2011 по 2013 г. р. (n=51). Интерес представляло изучение генотипов по генам каппа- (κ-CSN) и бета-казеина (β- CSN), потенциально связанных с повышенным содержанием белка и продуцированием коровами «гипоаллергенного» молока А2. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ показал значимое влияние генотипа по гену κ-CSN (P<0,001) и тенденцию для β-CSN на изучаемые показатели племенной ценности голштинских быков. Установлено, что носители генотипа BB гена CSN3 имеют превосходство в сравнении с животными, имеющими генотип АА, по количеству молочного жира и белка в молоке – на 16,8 кг и 13,2 кг соответственно, что важно при производстве молочных продуктов. Встречаемость у исследуемых быков-производителей генотипов А2А2 по гену бета-казеина (n=41) имеет большую численность в сравнении с А1А1 (n=21), что подразумевает возможным формирование специализированного стада для получения молока А2 путем группировки животных по результатам генотипирования. По мере накопления результатов оценки быков-производителей по качеству потомства, исследования в направлении изучения влияния генотипов по генам белков молока будут продолжены. The main purpose of this article was to study kappa-and beta-casein genotypes significantly associated with an increased protein content and the production of «hypoallergenic» 2A milk. The study involved 103 Black and Red-and-White Holsteins in Moscow region estimated by BLUP and GBLUP procedures. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the study Holstein sires were selected into three groups according to their age (born in 2005) (n=18), from 2006 to 2010 (n=34) and from 2011 to 2013 (n=51). The ANOVA analysis showed a considerable effect of the genotype for the k-CSN gene (P<0,001) and the trend for β-CSN on the studied traits of breeding value of Holsteins. The highest performance in terms of amount of milk fat and protein showed that the cows with CSN3 BB group had a significant advantage in comparison with the cows of AA genotype by 16.8 kg and 13.2 kg, respectively, which is important in the dairy production. The frequency of the occurrence of homozygotes of A2A2 beta-casein (n=41) in the cows was the highest amounting in comparison with the A1A1 genotype (n=21) which implies that it is possible to form a specialized herd for obtaining A2 milk by grouping animals according to the results of genotyping. As the results of assessment of the sires’ breeding value accumulate, the study of the effect of genotypes on the milk protein genes will be pursued.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of genomic selection for milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mi Lee ◽  
Chang-Gwon Dang ◽  
Mohammad Z. Alam ◽  
You-Sam Kim ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Estimated Breeding Value

Objective: This study was conducted to test the efficiency of genomic selection for milk production traits in a Korean Holstein cattle population.Methods: A total of 506,481 milk production records from 293,855 animals (2,090 heads with single nucleotide polymorphism information) were used to estimate breeding value by single step best linear unbiased prediction.Results: The heritability estimates for milk, fat, and protein yields in the first parity were 0.28, 0.26, and 0.23, respectively. As the parity increased, the heritability decreased for all milk production traits. The estimated generation intervals of sire for the production of bulls (L<sub>SB</sub>) and that for the production of cows (L<sub>SC</sub>) were 7.9 and 8.1 years, respectively, and the estimated generation intervals of dams for the production of bulls (L<sub>DB</sub>) and cows (L<sub>DC</sub>) were 4.9 and 4.2 years, respectively. In the overall data set, the reliability of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) increased by 9% on average over that of estimated breeding value (EBV), and increased by 7% in cows with test records, about 4% in bulls with progeny records, and 13% in heifers without test records. The difference in the reliability between GEBV and EBV was especially significant for the data from young bulls, i.e. 17% on average for milk (39% vs 22%), fat (39% vs 22%), and protein (37% vs 22%) yields, respectively. When selected for the milk yield using GEBV, the genetic gain increased about 7.1% over the gain with the EBV in the cows with test records, and by 2.9% in bulls with progeny records, while the genetic gain increased by about 24.2% in heifers without test records and by 35% in young bulls without progeny records.Conclusion: More genetic gains can be expected through the use of GEBV than EBV, and genomic selection was more effective in the selection of young bulls and heifers without test records.

An association analysis between PRL genotype and milk production traits in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Aixin Liang ◽  
Zipeng Li ◽  
Chao Du ◽  
Guohua Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
River Buffalo ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Mediterranean River

This Research Communication describes the association between genetic variation within the prolactin (PRL) gene and the milk production traits of Italian Mediterranean river buffalo (Bufala mediterranea Italiana). High resolution melting (HRM) techniques were developed for genotyping 465 buffaloes. The association of genetic polymorphism with milk production traits was performed and subsequently the effects of parity and calving season were evaluated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at exons 2 and 5 and at introns 1 and 2. All the SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and statistical analysis showed that the polymorphism of intron1 was significantly (P < 0·05) associated with milk yield, milk protein content and peak milk yield. The average contribution of the intron1 genotype (r2intron1) to total phenotypic variance in milk production traits was 0·09, and the TT genotype showed lower values than CC and CT genotypes. A nonsynonymous SNP was identified in exon 2, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to cysteine. Moreover, the polymorphism of exon 2 was associated significantly with milk fat content (P < 0·05), and the buffaloes with TT genotype showed higher total fat content than the buffaloes with CT genotype. These findings provide evidence that polymorphisms of the buffalo PRL gene are associated with milk production traits and PRL can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo breeding.

Association of the Leu127 variant of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene with increased yield of milk, fat, and protein in Australian Holstein-Friesians

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Shariflou ◽  
C. Moran ◽  
F. W. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Trait Locus

The occurrence of the Leu127/Val127 variants of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene and their effect on milk production traits was investigated in Australian Holstein-Friesian cattle. Animals were genotyped for the Leu127/Val127 variants, with RFLP methodology, using PCR and AluI digestion of PCR products (AluI-RFLP). Alleles Leu127 and Val127 occurred with frequencies of 82% and 18%, respectively. The quantitative effect of this polymorphic site on milk-production traits was estimated from lactation data and test-day data. Results from the 2 data sets consistently showed that the Leu127 allele is associated with higher production of milk, fat, and protein and is dominant to Val127. The average effects of the gene substitution are 95 L for milk yield, 7 kg for fat yield, and 3 kg for protein yield per lactation. This locus may be directly responsible for quantitative variation or it may be a marker for a closely linked quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milk-production traits in Australian dairy cattle. In either case, it will be useful as an aid to selection for improvement of milk production traits. As the Leu127 allele is dominant, selection of AI sires homozygous for the Leu127 allele (Leu127/Leu127) will result in maximum benefit without the need for genotyping cows.

PRODUCTION TRAITS OF RED AND WHITE RELATIVE TO BLACK AND WHITE HOLSTEINS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-303
Author(s):  
P. G. SULLIVAN ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
B. J. VAN DOORMAAL
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Genetic Trends

Canadian red and white (RW) and black and white (BW) Holsteins were compared for several production traits based on genetic evaluations of 32 RW and 883 BW bulls, and performance data of 4161 RW and 8691 BW cows. Differences (P < 0.05), favoring BW, were observed for milk and milk fat yield of cows, and for milk fat and milk protein yield evaluations of bulls. There was, however, a large genetic overlap between the populations for all traits studied. Pleiotropic effects associated with the color gene were not detected as being important. Phenotypic trends for milk yield, milk fat yield, and milk fat percent were significantly greater for BW than RW cows (P < 0.01). Genetic trends were greater for RW cows, though not significantly (P > 0.05). Key words: Dairy production, genetic trends, Holstein (red and white), Holstein (black and white)

Season and reproductive status rather than genetic factors influence change in ewe weight and fat over time. 4. Genetic relationships of ewe weight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Walkom ◽  
F. D. Brien ◽  
M. L. Hebart ◽  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
S. Hatcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Fat Score

The profitability of a sheep enterprise is greatly influenced by the ability of the ewe to produce a lamb annually. This paper examines the between- and within-breed association between the liveweight and fat score of the adult ewe and key fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The study analysed the performance of 2846 first-cross Merino and Corriedale ewes from the maternal central progeny test (MCPT) over their first three production cycles. Breed (9 sire breeds) and within-breed (91 sires) correlations were calculated from bivariate correlations of adult liveweight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The mean liveweight and fatness of the breeds were low to moderately negatively correlated with greasy fleece weight (–0.55 and –0.25, respectively) and moderate to strongly positively correlated with fibre diameter (0.88 and 0.41, respectively). However, the within-breed correlations were generally low to negligible. The genetic relationships between ewe fat score and reproductive traits at the breed and within-breed level was generally low to negligible and, in some cases, negative under production conditions where the ewes were well managed and averaged a fat score of 3.5 pre-joining and became too fat across the production cycle. Strong breed correlations between ewe fat score and milk fat concentration (0.88) suggest that selection of fatter sire breeds will lead to increased fat in their progenies’ milk, which was associated with larger lambs. The potential advantages of selecting for more fat to improve the maternal performance of the ewe seem to be limited in enterprises where the production system can easily be adjusted to restrict the influence of temporary and long-term feed deficiencies, as was achieved within the MCPT research flocks.

Investigation of myostatin and calpain 3 gene polymorphisms and their association with milk-production traits in Sfakia sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Adel H. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Nikolaos Tzanidakis ◽  
Smaragda Sotiraki ◽  
Huitong Zhou ◽  
Jonathan Hickford
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Milk Solid

Context Genetic selection based on genetic markers for economically important traits in Sfakia sheep. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate variation in the ovine myostatin gene (MSTN) and calpain 3 gene (CAPN3), and their association with milk-production traits. Methods Records for milk yield, milk fat content, protein content, lactose content, and non-fat solid content, pH and somatic-cell score (log), were obtained from 376 Sfakia ewes. Polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR–SSCP) analyses were used to detect variation in intron 1 of MSTN and exon 10 of CAPN3. General linear models were then used to test for associations between the variation in MSTN and CAPN3, and milk-production traits. Key results The SSCP banding patterns for MSTN showed four variants (A1, A2, A3 and A4), which contained nine nucleotide sequence differences. Four SSCP banding patterns (C1, C2, C3 and C4) were observed for CAPN3 and these contained eight nucleotide-sequence differences. The MSTN variation was associated (P &lt; 0.05) with variation in milk yield and non-fat milk solid content. Variation in CAPN3 was associated with milk yield (P &lt; 0.001), fat content (P &lt; 0.05) and lactose content (P &lt; 0.05). Association analyses between the presence/absence of MSTN and CAPN3 variants and milk-production traits showed that a variant of MSTN that had previously between associated with muscle hypertrophy was associated with decreased milk yield (P &lt; 0.05) and a lower non-fat milk solid content (P &lt; 0.01). A CAPN3 variant that had previously been associated with increased sheep-carcass loin lean-meat yield was associated with a decreased milk yield (P &lt; 0.01) and a decreased milk fat content (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Our results have provided an insight into the effects of variation in ovine MSTN and CAPN3 on milk-production traits in sheep. Implications To preserve the dual-purpose characteristics of Sfakia sheep, breeding goals should take into account the possible antagonism between meat and milk traits.

scholarly journals L-selectin gene polymorphism and its association with clinical mastitis, somatic cell score, and milk production in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dusza ◽  
J. Pokorska ◽  
J. Makulska ◽  
D. Kulaj ◽  
M. Cupial
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease of the mammary gland, highly contributing to the increase in veterinary costs in dairy industry. In the present study, the genetic polymorphism within bovine L-selectin gene was analysed and its impact on clinical mastitis occurrence, somatic cell score (SCS), and milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows was examined. Polymorphism within L-selectin gene, molecule responsible for neutrophil attachment to endothelium, might have a potential role in immune response to bacterial infections and udder health. Two hundred and six Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms mutations within the coding sequence of L-selectin gene were identified (c.165G&gt;A and c.567C&gt;T). The effect of c.165G&gt;A and c.567C&gt;T mutations on SCS was highly significant (P = 0.0019 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Strong associations (P ≤ 0.0001) were also observed between L-selectin polymorphism and milk production traits (milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage). However, the polymorphism in the analysed gene had no influence on the resistance or susceptibility of cows to clinical mastitis (only the tendency toward significance, P = 0.06 for c.567C&gt;T mutation was found). Potential exploitation of the information on the identified associations in genetic selection needs to confirm the obtained results in further investigations.

scholarly journals Regression analysis of milk production traits in simmental cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1433-1441
Author(s):  
M.D. Petrovic ◽  
V. Bogdanovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
S. Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Partial Regression ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Lactation Length

The relationship between milk production traits over whole lactations was evaluated across three generations of Simmental cows, i.e. between daughters, dams and grand dams, by a phenotypic regression analysis with whole lactation traits in the daughter generation being used as the dependent variables (x1), and those in the dam and grand dam generations being used as the independent variables (x2 and x3). The results were obtained from a sample of 1170 daughters and as many dams and grand dams. The significance of the partial regression coefficients b2 and b3 was separately evaluated by a t-test. An analysis of variance was used to estimate the significance of the simultaneous effect of the production traits of dams and grand dams on the milk production achieved in the daughter generation. The calculated value of the partial regression coefficients for the whole lactation production traits across three generations (grand dams, dams and daughters) and their statistical significances determined by the t and F tests, as well as the regression equations used, suggested that the effect of the grand dam generation on the milk production traits in granddaughters was substantially lower than the effect of dams. The calculated partial regression coefficients (b2 and b3) were positive and statistically very significant (P<0.01), excepting the regression coefficients b3 for lactation length and b2 for milk fat content that were not statistically significant (P>0.05). A very significant change (P<0.01) was observed in all production traits in the daughter generation as simultaneously affected by the traits in the dam and grand dam generations.

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