PRODUCTION TRAITS OF RED AND WHITE RELATIVE TO BLACK AND WHITE HOLSTEINS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-303
Author(s):  
P. G. SULLIVAN ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
B. J. VAN DOORMAAL
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Genetic Trends

Canadian red and white (RW) and black and white (BW) Holsteins were compared for several production traits based on genetic evaluations of 32 RW and 883 BW bulls, and performance data of 4161 RW and 8691 BW cows. Differences (P < 0.05), favoring BW, were observed for milk and milk fat yield of cows, and for milk fat and milk protein yield evaluations of bulls. There was, however, a large genetic overlap between the populations for all traits studied. Pleiotropic effects associated with the color gene were not detected as being important. Phenotypic trends for milk yield, milk fat yield, and milk fat percent were significantly greater for BW than RW cows (P < 0.01). Genetic trends were greater for RW cows, though not significantly (P > 0.05). Key words: Dairy production, genetic trends, Holstein (red and white), Holstein (black and white)

MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE WITH DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF PROLACTIN AND SOMATOTROPIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Л.Р. ЗАГИДУЛЛИН ◽  
Р.Р. ШАЙДУЛЛИН ◽  
Т.М. АХМЕТОВ ◽  
С.В. ТЮЛЬКИН ◽  
А.Б. МОСКВИЧЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Prl Gene

Изучена взаимосвязь аллельных вариантов генов пролактина и соматотропина с показателями молочной продуктивности коров черно-пестрой породы по 1 и 3 лактации. У первотелок, как и у полновозрастных животных,  наиболее высокий удой (4642 и 6240 кг), количество молочного жира (174,1 и 215,0 кг) и молочного белка (149,0 и 182,5 кг) достигнуты в группе с генотипом PRL АА. По массовой доле жира и белка в молоке коровы с генотипом PRL ВВ достоверно превосходили животных с генотипом PRL АА на 0,12% (Р<0,05) и 0,05% (Р<0,05) соответственно. По гену соматотропина наибольший уровень молочной продуктивности выявлен у коров с генотипом GH LL при достоверном преимуществе над GH VV у первотелок по удою на 439 кг (Р<0,01), выходу молочного жира — на 13,6 кг (Р<0,001), выходу молочного белка — на 15,3 кг (Р<0,01). У полновозрастных коров превышение над остальными группами было только по удою — на 219—548 кг (Р<0,05). Наибольшая жирномолочность характерна животным с генотипом GH VV по 1 лактации — 3,83% и по 3 лактации — 3,82%, а лучшая белковомолочность — коровам, имеющим аллель V гена GH:  3,21 и 3,23% соответственно. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о более высоком уровне молочной продуктивности у коров с генотипом PRL АА и GH LL, но лучшая жирномолочность и белковомолочность отмечены у особей, имеющих в своем генотипе аллели В гена PRL и V гена GH. The interrelation of allelic variants of prolactin and somatotropin genes with indicators of milk productivity of black-and-white cows for the 1st and 3rd lactation was studied. The highest milk yield (4642 and 6240 kg) amount of milk fat (174.1 and 215.0 kg) and milk protein (149.0 and 182.5 kg) were in the group with the PRL AA genotype in first-calf heifers as well as in full-age animals. In terms of the mass fraction of fat and protein of milk, the cows with the PRL BB genotype significantly exceeded animals with the PRL AA genotype by 0.12% (P<0.05) and 0.05% (P<0.05), respectively. According to the somatotropin gene, the highest level of milk productivity was revealed in cows with the GH LL genotype with a significant advantage over GH VV in first-calf heifers in milk yield by 439 kg (P<0.01), milk fat yield by 13.6 kg (P<0.001), milk protein yield by 15.3 kg (P<0.01). The excess over the other groups in full-age cows was only in terms of milk yield that was by 219-548 kg (P<0.05). The highest protein content of milk is a characteristic of animals with the GH VV genotype, 3.83% is for the 1st lactation and 3.82% is for the 3rd lactation, and the best protein content of milk in cows with V allele of the GH gene is 3.21 and 3.23%, respectively. The obtained data  indicated a higher level of milk productivity in cows with the PRL AA and GH LL genotypes but the best fat and milk content was noted in cows with alleles B of the PRL gene and V of the GH gene in their genotype.

scholarly journals Zusammenhang zwischen κ-Casein und ß-Lactoglobulin-Varianten mit der Milchleistung und der Nutzungsdauer von Rindern der Rassen Schwarzbuntes Rind und Polnisches Rotvieh

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Juszczak ◽  
G. Erhardt ◽  
M. Kuczaj ◽  
R. Zieminski ◽  
L. Panicke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. Title of the paper: Relations between genetic variants of κ-casein and ß-lactoglobulin and Performance of Black and White and Polish Red cattle Performance of 184 cows from 4 herds of Black and White (SR) and 178 cows from 4 herds of Polish Red breed (RP) was compared due to genotype encoding milk proteins: κ-casein and ß-lactoglobulin. Frequence of inividual genotypes differend significantly both between herds within the breed. Statistically significant influence of genotype was found in relation to milk fat content in SR cattle (κ-CNAA> κ-CNBB and ß-LGBB >ß- LGAB > ß-LGAA) and in RP cattle milk protein yield (κ-CNBB > κ-CNAA) and fat content (ß-LGAA > ß-LGAB and ß-LG ). The highest protein content and protein yield in milk was found in cows of both breeds carrying KCNBB genotype (P>0.05). Significant relation with the age of first calving was stated in SR cows: κ-CNAA > KCNAB, in RP cows κ-CNBB > κ-CNAB and in SR cows ß-LGBB >ß-LGAB. Other traits such as longevity, life-time number of calvings and lactations, life-time yield were not found significantly related to searched genotypes although some trends were observed.

scholarly journals The relation of GH1, GHR and DGAT1 polymorphisms with estimated breeding values for milk production traits of German Holstein sires

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hradecká ◽  
J. Čítek ◽  
L. Panicke ◽  
V. Řehout ◽  
L. Hanusová
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values

: We analysed the relations of estimated breeding values (EBV) of 315 German Holstein sires to their genotypes in growth hormone gene (<i>GH1</i>), growth hormone receptor gene (<i>GHR</i>) and acylCoA-diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (<i>DGAT1</i>). The strong relation of <i>DGAT1 K232A</i> to the estimated breeding values for milk production traits has been confirmed, when allele <i>DGAT1<sup>K</sup></i> was connected with higher milk fat yield, milk fat and milk protein content, while allele <i>DGAT1<sup>A</sup></i> increased milk yield and milk protein yield. The effect of <i>DGAT1</i> genotype explained from 4.70% of variability of EBVs for fat yield to 31.90% of variability of EBVs for fat content. The evaluation of <i>GH1</i> 127 Leu/Val and <i>GHR</i> 257 SNP polymorphisms did not reveal an association of their polymorphism with EBVs for milk production traits, except the EBVs of <i>GHR<sup>G</sup>/GHR<sup>G</sup></i> homozygotes for fat yield, which were significantly lower. The effect of <i>GH1</i> or <i>GHR genotype explained only a negligible portion of variability of EBVs (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> < 1.00% in most cases).

scholarly journals Milk productivity of black-and-white and Kholmogory cows with different genotypes of kappa-casein

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00167
Author(s):  
Radik Shaidullin ◽  
Lenar Zagidullin ◽  
Anastasia Moskvicheva ◽  
Rifat Khisamov ◽  
Tahir Akhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Dna Diagnostics ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
The Difference

The influence of genotypes for kappa-casein gene on the main indicators of milk productivity in the 1st and 3rd lactation in black-and-white and Kholmogory cows was studied. The genotyping of cows for the CSN3 gene was carried out by the method of DNA diagnostics. Cows of the black-and-white breed with genotype CSN3 BB surpass the group with genotype CSN3 AA and CSN3 AB in the 1st lactation in milk yield by 166-218 and in milk fat yield by 4.9-8.7 kg; for the 3rd lactation 188-298 kg and 7.7-10.2 kg, respectively. At the same time the difference is significant in terms of the mass fraction of protein in milk by 0.06-0.15% (Р<0.05-0.001) and 0.11-0.15% (Р<0.001) and in the yield of milk protein (Р<0.05) 8.3-14.2 kg and 14.8-16.1 kg (P<0.05). Kholmogory cows have a similar advantage for cattle with genotypes CSN3 AA and CSN3 AB in terms of milk productivity with a significant excess in the mass fraction of protein in milk for the 1st lactation by 0.07-0.14% (Р<0.05-0.001), for the 3rd lactation by 0.08-0.11% (Р<0.05-0.001). Consequently, the black-and-white and Kholmogory breeds have approximately the same level of superiority of cows homozygous for B allele CSN3 over their herdmates.

Milk protein polymorphism in Danish dairy cattle and the influence of genetic variants on milk yield

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Bech ◽  
K. Rotvig Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Danish Dairy

SummaryIn milk samples from 549 cows of the breeds Danish Jersey, Red Danish Dairy Cattle (RDM), and Black and White Danish Dairy Cattle (SDM) the genetic polymorphisms of the αs1, β and K-cascin and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) loci were determined by isoelectric focusing in agarose gels. The results of the screening were comparcd with results obtained by Larsen & Thymann (1966). In addition, the genetic linkage of the three casein loci was studied, and the association between milk protein genotypes and yields in first and second lactations of milk, fat and protein were investigated.The distribution of genotypes of all four milk protein Systems was different from breed to breed.For Jersey cows, significant differences in the gene frequencies from the results of the 1966 investigation were found for αs1 and K-casein and β-Lg. For SDM cows a change in the K-casein frequency had occurred whereas for RDM cows no changes were found.Linkage between some of the casein loci was found within ail three breeds. For the RDM breed the possible linkage between αs1-casein and the other caseins could not be tested bccause nearly ail thc cows were homozygous for the αs1-cascin-B genotypes.β-Casein genotypes were associated with yield parameters in ail breeds. The A2A2 genotype of this protein gave higher yields of milk, fat, and protein in the second lactation than thc A1A1 genotype.

The effect of trans- 10, cis- 12 conjugated linoleic acid on milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 92-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sinclair ◽  
A. L. Lock ◽  
J. W. Perfield ◽  
B. M. Teles ◽  
D. E. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Fat Synthesis ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Milk Fat Synthesis

Trans- 10, cis- 12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a biohydrogenation intermediate produced in the rumen, is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis. Data from a number of studies where various doses of trans -10, cis -12 CLA have been abomasally infused demonstrate a curvilinear relationship between the percent reduction in milk fat yield and both the dose of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA infused and the milk fat content of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA. In addition to a reduction in milk fat output, under some circumstances an increase in milk yield and milk protein output are observed. To date, there has been no examination of the effects of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA on milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep. The current study was therefore designed to determine if trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA would inhibit milk fat synthesis in lactating sheep. In order to test the effectiveness of trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA in inhibiting milk fat synthesis we used a lipid-encapsulated trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA supplement (LE-CLA) as a means to provide the trans- 10, cis- 12 CLA isomer post-ruminally.

scholarly journals Betaine Improves Milk Yield in Grazing Dairy Cows Supplemented with Concentrates at High Temperatures

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Dunshea ◽  
Kehinde Oluboyede ◽  
Kristy DiGiacomo ◽  
Brian Leury ◽  
Jeremy Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Betaine Supplementation ◽  
Daily Milk

Betaine is an organic osmolyte sourced from sugar beet that accumulates in plant cells undergoing osmotic stress. Since the accumulation of betaine lowers the energy requirements of animals and, therefore, metabolic heat production, the aim of this experiment was to investigate if betaine supplementation improved milk yield in grazing dairy cows in summer. One hundred and eighteen Friesian × Holstein cows were paired on days in milk and, within each pair, randomly allocated to a containing treatment of either 0 or 2 g/kg natural betaine in their concentrate ration for approximately 3 weeks during February/March 2015 (summer in Australia). The mean maximum February temperature was 30 °C. Cows were allocated approximately 14 kg dry matter pasture and 7.5 kg of concentrate pellets (fed in the milking shed) per cow per day and were milked through an automatic milking system three times per day. Betaine supplementation increased average daily milk yield by over 6% (22.0 vs. 23.4 kg/day, p < 0.001) with the response increasing as the study progressed as indicated by the interaction (p < 0.001) between betaine and day. Milk fat % (p = 0.87), milk protein % (p = 0.90), and milk somatic cell count (p = 0.81) were unchanged by dietary betaine. However, betaine supplementation increased milk protein yield (677 vs. 719 g/day, p < 0.001) and fat yield (874 vs. 922 g/day, p < 0.001) with responses again being more pronounced as the study progressed. In conclusion, dietary betaine supplementation increased milk and component yield during summer in grazing dairy cows.

Study of genetic and environment trends for milk fat yield trait in an Iranian dairy herd

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Jahandar ◽  
Mohhamad Moradi Shahre Babak ◽  
Mahdi Elahi Torshizi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Yield Trait ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Genetic Trends

In order to evaluate genetic improvement in a selected population, variation resulted from environment and genetics should be dissociated. Because of the positive genetic correlation between milk fat yield and milk and protein yield, selection for milk production has often resulted in an increase in fat and protein yields however response for fat percentage is negative. However positive genetic trends between 0.73 to 0.95 kg per annum for milk fat yield in Holstein cattle have been reported in some studies that milk fat yield had less importance in selection index, also negative values are reported. Based on previous research, genetic improvement of milk fat yield up to 1 percent due to selection is possible and from a theoretical view, an improvement of about 2 percent is reported. With attention to selection in the herd and using progeny tested semen from foreign countries that have suitable genetic potential, this study was accomplished in order to estimate genetic parameters for milk fat and investigate genetic and environmental trends during 1990 to 2001.

scholarly journals SIRE-SON CORRELATIONS OF GENETIC EVALUATIONS FOR FAT PERCENTAGE IN HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. ALI ◽  
L. R. SCHAEFFER
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Direct Calculation ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Selection Of

The correlation between sire and son genetic evaluations for fat percentage has been shown to be lower than corresponding correlations for milk or fat yield for the population of bulls in artificial insemination. The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of this low correlation. Based on 302 935 first-lactation daughters of 11 396 sires, the heritabilities of milk, fat and fat percentage were 0.28, 0.27 and 0.52, respectively. Indirect versus direct calculation of sire evluations for fat percentage were correlated at 0.997, and resulting sire-son correlations were 0.45 for directly calculated proofs and 0.43 for indirectly calculated proofs. The low sire-son correlations were due to the intense selection of sires of sons, especially for fat percentage, which resulted in a change in genetic parameters among the bulls used as sires of sons compared to the parameters in the overall population. Key words: Fat percentage, pedigree indexing, dairy sires

scholarly journals Random regression models to estimate genetic parameters for test-day milk yield and composition in Iranian buffaloes

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Madad ◽  
N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh ◽  
A. A. Shadparvar ◽  
D. Kianzad
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for milk yield and milk percentages of fat and protein in Iranian buffaloes. A total of 9,278 test-day production records obtained from 1,501 first lactation buffaloes on 414 herds in Iran between 1993 and 2009 were used for the analysis. Genetic parameters for productive traits were estimated using random regression test-day models. Regression curves were modeled using Legendre polynomials (LPs). Heritability estimates were low to moderate for milk production traits and ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 for milk yield, 0.01 to 0.27 for milk protein percentage and 0.03 to 0.24 for milk fat percentage, respectively. Genetic correlations ranged from −0.24 to 1 for milk yield between different days in milk over the lactation. Genetic correlations of milk yield at different days in milk were often higher than permanent environmental correlations. Genetic correlations for milk protein percentage ranged from −0.89 to 1 between different days in milk. Also, genetic correlations for milk percentage of fat ranged from −0.60 to 1 between different days in milk. The highest estimates of genetic and permanent environmental correlations for milk traits were observed at adjacent test-days. Ignoring heritability estimates for milk yield and milk protein percentage in the first and final days of lactation, these estimates were higher in the 120 days of lactation. Test-day milk yield heritability estimates were moderate in the course of the lactation, suggesting that this trait could be applied as selection criteria in Iranian milking buffaloes.

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