scholarly journals Brain radionecrosis after radiation therapy for atypical meningioma

2020 ◽  
pp. 528-532
Author(s):  
Ebtesam Abdulla ◽  
Harleen Luther ◽  
Tejal Shah ◽  
Nisha Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Atypical Meningioma ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Brain Radionecrosis ◽  
Deleterious Consequence ◽  
To Receive

Introduction. Atypical Meningioma (AM) is at high risk of local failure. The role of radiation therapy (XRT) as an adjuvant to surgical resection is incompletely defined. The most deleterious consequence of brain-directed XRT is radiation necrosis. Brain radionecrosis (BRN) after AM has been rarely reported. The relevant literature is reviewed, highlighting its diagnostic challenges. Case Presentation. We report a 25-year-old male with a BRN after adjuvant XRT for AM, which has been misdiagnosed as a recurrent neoplastic lesion upon magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) examination. Surgery and histopathological description were made and yielded a definitive diagnosis of BRN. The patient was treated by dexamethasone with concomitant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2). The patient showed a further progression of the disease. Therefore, he was elected to receive bevacizumab. However, the patient finally died for refractory brain edema. Conclusion. BRN is a relatively rare instance after XRT for AM. There is no single modality that can reliably distinguish BRN from tumour recurrence.  Therefore, reaching an early prompt treatment decision is challenging.

scholarly journals Management of Early Laryngeal Cancer: The Role of Individualized Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Gady Har-El
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Individualized Medicine ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Treatment Decision Making

ABSTRACT Treatment options for early laryngeal cancer include radiation therapy or surgical resection. It is widely agreed upon that early laryngeal cancer should be managed with only one treatment modality. The debate on which treatment modality is best for early laryngeal cancer has essentially been going on for the last 65 years. Many new developments have impacted the treatment decision making process. These developments include the introduction of transoral endoscopic partial laryngeal surgery, such as transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) which is replacing external partial laryngectomy procedures; improvements in external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) delivery techniques and technology which result in enhanced accuracy and decreased extralaryngeal side effects and complications; and the introduction of quality of life measures and understanding their importance, in addition to survival rate, in defining successful outcome or failure. This review article concentrates on some of the important issues facing the patient, his/her family, and the treating physicians in the treatment decision making process. How to cite this article Har-El G. Management of Early Laryngeal Cancer: The Role of Individualized Medicine. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(1):23-28.

Facilitating Active Learning among Adult Learners

2013 ◽  
pp. 565-578
Author(s):  
Chinmoy Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learners ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order Thinking Skills ◽  
Passive Learning ◽  
Technological Intervention ◽  
Participative Learning ◽  
To Receive

A learner-centric approach to learning is widely known as active learning. This approach helps learners to develop higher order thinking skills and therefore facilitates deep learning. On the other hand, passive learning approach expects learners to receive information from the professor passively without much involvement in the learning process. This chapter aims to lead the readers to appreciate the role of active learning in positively influencing the process of learning among adult learners. The chapter begins by setting the context through a review of relevant literature on active learning. The subsequent discussions are structured around the four approaches to achieve active learning, namely, experiential learning, problem-based learning, participative learning, and cooperative learning. The discussions provide insights on how technological intervention is shaping each of these four approaches to facilitate active learning. While the chapter does not aim to present an exhaustive list of all possible technological interventions, the idea is to stimulate further thoughts on new possibilities in this direction. The chapter also discusses trends like the proliferation of Web 2.0 technologies, computing devices becoming increasingly portable, popularity of MOOCs, and eLearning that have the potential to positively influence active learning among adult learners.

scholarly journals The Role of Clinical Trial Participation in Cancer Research: Barriers, Evidence, and Strategies

2016 ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Unger ◽  
Elise Cook ◽  
Eric Tai ◽  
Archie Bleyer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Cancer Clinical Trial ◽  
Trial Participation ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
To Receive

Fewer than one in 20 adult patients with cancer enroll in cancer clinical trials. Although barriers to trial participation have been the subject of frequent study, the rate of trial participation has not changed substantially over time. Barriers to trial participation are structural, clinical, and attitudinal, and they differ according to demographic and socioeconomic factors. In this article, we characterize the nature of cancer clinical trial barriers, and we consider global and local strategies for reducing barriers. We also consider the specific case of adolescents with cancer and show that the low rate of trial enrollment in this age group strongly correlates with limited improvements in cancer population outcomes compared with other age groups. Our analysis suggests that a clinical trial system that enrolls patients at a higher rate produces treatment advances at a faster rate and corresponding improvements in cancer population outcomes. Viewed in this light, the issue of clinical trial enrollment is foundational, lying at the heart of the cancer clinical trial endeavor. Fewer barriers to trial participation would enable trials to be completed more quickly and would improve the generalizability of trial results. Moreover, increased accrual to trials is important for patients, because trials provide patients the opportunity to receive the newest treatments. In an era of increasing emphasis on a treatment decision-making process that incorporates the patient perspective, the opportunity for patients to choose trial participation for their care is vital.

The Role of Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Leslie E. Botnick ◽  
Christopher M. Rose ◽  
Izhak Goldberg ◽  
Abraham Recht
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer

The evolving role of pelvic radiation therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Roberts ◽  
Mack Roach
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pelvic Radiation

Assessing the size of agricultural holdings

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
N. I. Shagaida
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Large Share ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
To Receive

The article clarifies the concept of “agricultural holding”, using an approach to assessing the size on the basis of the total revenue of all agricultural organizations within the agricultural holding. It has been revealed that only 100 of the total number of agricultural holdings that were identified can be attributed to large business entities. They comprise about 3% of agricultural organizations in the country, while their share in the proceeds is about 37%. A large share of agricultural holdings — large business subjects under the control of Russian entities operate in one, and under the control of foreign legal entities — in three or more regions of the Russian Federation. Vertical integration within the framework of large agricultural holdings with different schemes for including the stages of processing and sale of products produced in their agricultural organizations allows them to receive advantages. Strengthening the role of large business entities in agriculture puts on the agenda the issue of differentiating approaches to taxation and state support in agriculture, depending on the size of the companies’ agricultural businesses.

Provision of Remedies for Violation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: A Comparative Study of the United Nations, Inter-American and African Human Rights Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-318
Author(s):  
Roman Girma Teshome
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Regional Monitoring ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
To Receive

The effectiveness of human rights adjudicative procedures partly, if not most importantly, hinges upon the adequacy of the remedies they grant and the implementation of those remedies. This assertion also holds water with regard to the international and regional monitoring bodies established to receive individual complaints related to economic, social and cultural rights (hereinafter ‘ESC rights’ or ‘socio-economic rights’). Remedies can serve two major functions: they are meant, first, to rectify the pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage sustained by the particular victim, and second, to resolve systematic problems existing in the state machinery in order to ensure the non-repetition of the act. Hence, the role of remedies is not confined to correcting the past but also shaping the future by providing reforming measures a state has to undertake. The adequacy of remedies awarded by international and regional human rights bodies is also assessed based on these two benchmarks. The present article examines these issues in relation to individual complaint procedures that deal with the violation of ESC rights, with particular reference to the case laws of the three jurisdictions selected for this work, i.e. the United Nations, Inter-American and African Human Rights Systems.

Shifting Roles in Continuous Advising Sessions

Relay Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Huw Davies ◽  
Robert Stevenson ◽  
Isra Wongsarnpigoon
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Transformational Learning ◽  
Learning Trajectory ◽  
Learner Readiness ◽  
Linguistic Support ◽  
Reflective Dialogue ◽  
Open Mind ◽  
To Receive

It is common for learning advisors to receive a request such as conversation practice or simple linguistic support in our institution simply because learners find them accessible and friendly. Although this may not be the usual role of a learning advisor, it can be the beginning of a long-lasting reflective dialogue. Learning advisors are aware that the learners’ initial interest is not necessarily an opportunity for reflection on their learning process. Nevertheless, they also acknowledge the fact that learner readiness for reflection varies depending on the learner. Thus, while advisors appear to be “conversation partners” at first, they endeavor to create reflective dialogues by incorporating advising strategies in each session. As the learning trajectory that the learner follows is not always straightforward, keeping an open mind and engaging in each advising session is crucial. The following stories depict the importance of openness to learners’ needs and maintaining continuous advising sessions in order to generate transformational learning.

scholarly journals “Crazy Jack” and the “Gay CEO”: Visions, Entrepreneurship, and the Chinese State in the New Digital Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85
Author(s):  
Marina Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Leader ◽  
Online Spaces ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
To Receive

This article analyses the visions, careers, and companies of Jack Ma of Alibaba and Geng Le of Blue City. Jack Ma is a well-known business leader and visionary, whereas the less well-known Geng Le only began to receive more attention since launching a successful gay dating app in 2012. The article focuses on the personal narratives and visions of these two IT entrepreneurs. It provides new perspectives on the role of individual entrepreneurs in relation to the Chinese state’s global ambitions and vision of creating a “strong internet country.” It argues that the commercialisation and platformisation of the Chinese internet, and the growing transnational nature of Chinese IT companies, serve to make them more, not less, co-dependent of the state and its visions. The internet’s emancipatory potential is today increasingly conflated with consumption, and online spaces and social relations are subject to both commodification and datafication.

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