scholarly journals Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-X/2012 Tentang Keberadaan Hutan Adat Masyarakat

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Syaiful Rachman ◽  
Mansyur Nawawi ◽  
M Chairul Basrun Umanailo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The People ◽  
Indigenous Institutions ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Ownership Of Land

In principle, forest and forestry management is a management process for all components of the ecosystem, including humans. Utilization of forests to facilitate economic growth has eliminated the interests of customary forest communities, the rights of indigenous peoples have been protected as human rights, as stated in Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning the basic provisions of human rights. The people of Buru District, Grandeng Village, have an area of forest area for other uses of around 600 hectares which can be used for the benefit of local communities, but there are often problems between the Transmigration Community and Indigenous People who have unresolved ownership of land areas based on customary law, as well as the involvement of the local government Buru Regency in providing solutions to problem-solving, the method used is descriptive qualitative with interview instruments and a review of legal documents related to the research theme. The results that can be conveyed are the utilization of Customary forest products and their management by the community in Lolongguba sub-district, often in coordination with Hinolong Baman or the Head of Soa, which means that legally the implementation of the Constitutional Court Decision, No.35 / PUU-X / 2012 concerning the Existence of Community Customary Forests has been implemented in the community, however, the institutionality of the Waeapo Plains Indigenous Peoples has not been maximized, both in the implementation of customary law norms, as a result of factors, human resources, economy, social and Indigenous institutions themselves. Based on legal research, it is necessary to formulate a legal umbrella both government regulations and regional regulations regarding ownership of forests and forest products.

scholarly journals JURIDICAL OVERVIEW OF EXISTENCE COMMUNITY CUSTOMARY FORESTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chairul Basrun Umanailo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The People ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Ownership Of Land

In principle, forest and forestry management is a management process for all components of the ecosystem, including humans. Utilization of forests to facilitate economic growth has eliminated the interests of customary forest communities, the rights of indigenous peoples have clearly been protected as human rights, as stated in Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning the basic provisions of human rights. The people of Buru District, Grandeng Village, have an area of forest area for other uses of around 600 hectares which can be used for the benefit of local communities, but there are often problems between the Transmigration Community and Indigenous People who have unresolved ownership of land areas under customary law, as well as the involvement of the local government Buru Regency in providing solutions to problem solving, the method used is descriptive qualitative interview instruments and a review of legal documents related to the research theme. The results that can be conveyed are the utilization of Customary forest products and their management by the community in Lolongguba sub-district, often in coordination with Hinolong Baman or the Head of Soa, which means that legally the implementation of the Constitutional Court Decision, No.35 / PUU?X / 2012 concerning the Existence of Community Customary Forests has been implemented in the community, however the institutionality of the Waeapo Plains Indigenous Peoples has not been maximized, both in the implementation of customary law norms, as a result of factors, human resources, economy, social and customary institutions themselves. Based on legal research, it is necessary to formulate a legal umbrella both Government Regulations and Regional Regulations relating to ownership of forests and forest products.

scholarly journals Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbatasan Darat di Segmen Bidjael Sunan – Oben antara Indonesia dan Timor Leste

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Law System ◽  
The People ◽  
Boundary Disputes ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
West Timor

This study aims to analyze the settlement of land border disputes in the Sunan-Oben Bidjael Segment between Indonesia and Timor Leste based on international law. This research is a normative study that uses a statutory editor. The results of this study indicate that both Indonesia and Timor Leste have formed a Joint Border Committee as a forum for resolving land boundary disputes which was then continued to form the Technical Sub-Committee on Border Demarcation and Regulation (TSC - BDR) which has agreed to use the Convention for the Demarcation of Portuguese and Dutch Dominions on the Island of Timor 1904 (Treaty 1904) and Permanent Court of Arbitration 1914 (PCA 1914) as the legal basis for determining and confirming land boundaries between Indonesia and Timor Leste. Based on the 2005 Provisional Agreement Article 6 point (b), which implies that local communities, in this case, indigenous peoples / traditional leaders at the borders are given space to be involved in the dispute resolution process that occurs on the border of the two countries by promoting peaceful and non-violent methods in accordance with Article 8 Provisional Agreement 2005. Whereas the people who inhabit West Timor (Indonesia) and the people who live in East Timor (Timor Leste) have the same socio-cultural background, so it can be ascertained that the customary law system that applies in these two groups of people the same. The substance of the customary law can regulate land issues, as well as the boundaries of customary territories, the potential for customary leaders to actually play a negotiating role to resolve these problems.

Legal Typologies and Topologies: The Construction of Indigenous Alterity and Its Spatialization Within the Colombian Constitutional Court

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 334-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Bocarejo
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Cultural Survival ◽  
Legal Discourses ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This article examines the different legal articulations between indigenous typologies and topologies, that is, the relationship between someone classified as an indigenous subject, a grantee of minority rights, and the spatial arrangements such as reservations or ancestral territories considered necessary for indigenous “cultural survival.” I analyze how the jurisprudence of the Colombian Constitutional Court manifests and rests on the diverse combinations of these two factors. The typology/topology binary characterizes the manner in which these legal discourses portray indigeneity and culture. This binary also offers insight into a broad range of issues, including the access that indigenous peoples have to minority rights, the use of customary law, and the spatial delimitations that frame indigenous legal jurisdictions. Some of the complexities that arise from this binary are: the conceptualization of indigenous places as habitats, the idea of culture as a list of traits, and the concept of “degrees” of indigeneity that determine these peoples' access to minority rights.

scholarly journals Protecting expressions of Folklore within the Right to Culture in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Enyinna Sodienye Nwauche
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
The Right

This paper explores the protection of expressions of folklore within the right to culture in Africa by considering three issues, which are the increased understanding of the right to culture in national constitutions and the recognition that customary law is a manifestation of the right to culture; an expanded understanding of the substantive content of the article 15(1) of the International Covenant for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as part of the right to culture; and the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples marked significantly by the 2007 United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous People. The paper demonstrates how a human rights regime may assist in overcoming some of the deficiencies in the national protection of expressions of folklore in Africa.

scholarly journals Eksitensi Hukum Cambuk (Mihita La Ua Uatto) dalam Masyarakat Adat Iha-Ulupia Dikaji dalam Prespektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luhulima ◽  
Fricean Tutuarima ◽  
Aisa Abas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan eksitensi hukum cambuk (mihita la ua uatto) dalam masyarakat adat Iha-Ulupia dikaji dalam prespektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan hukum cambuk dan pandangan Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap pelaksanaan hukum cambuk. Teknik pengambilan data primer dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap sejumlah informan yang dianggap terlibat secara langsung dalam proses pelaksanaan hukum cambuk (mihitta la ua uatto). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa eksitensi hukum cambuk (mihita la ua uatto) dalam masyarakat adat Iha-Ulupia di kaji dalam prespektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di negeri Iha-Ulupia Kecamatan Huamual, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat terlaksana dengan baik. Hukum cabuk yang diterapkan di negeri Iha-Ulupia masih bersumber pada salah satu sumber hukum yang masih berlaku di Indonesia yaitu hukum adat, hukum cambuk yang diterapkan di negeri iha-ulupia secara substansi tidak melanggar hukum positif dalam hal ini UU HAM karena memiliki landasan pada pasal 18 b ayat (2) UUD 1945.   This study aims to describe the existence of the Caning Law (Mihia La Ua Uatto) in the Iha-Ulupia Indigenous Peoples Study in the Perspective of Human Rights (HAM). Asai Man against the implementation of the caning law. The primary data collection technique was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation of a number of informants who were considered to be directly involved in the process of implementing the caning law (mihitta la ua uatto). The results of this study indicate that the existence of the law of whips (Mihita La Ua Uatto) in the Tha Ulupia Indigenous Peoples is studied in the perspective of human rights (HAM) in Iha-Ulupia Country, Huamual District, West Seram Regency. Iha-ulupia country is still based on one of the legal sources that are still valid in Indonesia, namely customary law, the caning law applied in Iha-ulupia country substantially does not violate positive law in this case the Human Rights Law because it has a basis in article 18 b paragraph (2) 1945 Constitution.

Towards the Establishment of an International Constitutional Court

ICL Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laith K Nasrawin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The People ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article comprehensively examines the 1999 recommendation of the Tunisian government to create an International Constitutional Court that is designed to enhance the principles of democracy and human rights and to strengthen the constitutional doctrine which states that the people are the source of authority in a given country. This proposal, which was strongly advocated by former Tunisian President Mohamed Moncef Marzouki during his term in office, aims to underscore the importance of establishing an international judicial entity and analysing its bylaws with respect to its terms and conditions, formation, jurisdiction and selection of judges. The article traces the trajectory of the movement, from the proposal stage to the latest developments in formally establishing the international judicial entity. Finally, the article identifies various possible difficulties and challenges that are likely to stand in the way of implementing the proposal.

scholarly journals Dismissal of KPK Employees from Legal Positivism and Alternative Solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Dominikus Dalu Sogen ◽  
Dewa Ayu Putri Asvini ◽  
Detty Kristiana Widayat
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The People ◽  
National Human ◽  
The Law

Studying the philosophy of law means studying various schools of law. Amongst the variety of legal theories, there are adherents of legal positivism or the positive legal theory postulated by John Austin (a philosopher whose thoughts on law are outlined in a work entitled The Province of Jurisprudence Determined 1832). Are Austin's thoughts still relevant for the practice of law inthe modern era, considering that law is made for the public interest? Is it appropriate for the law to be made by authorities (superior) to bind subordinates (inferior), whereas the people are only in a position to obey the law? In a functioning democracy public participation is important in decision-making by the elected legislators. Presumably, law is not made arbitrarily or unilaterally, but it is supposed to take into account the interest of the public or the interest of the groups it is designed to address. A prominent example currently in the public spotlight isthe dismissal of 57 Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) employees due to their stated ineligibility following their failure to pass the National Insight Test Assessment. For this matter, a judicial review (JR) has been requested from the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court who in the meantime have published their decisions. In addition, there have been recommendations from the National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) and the Indonesian Ombudsman regarding the occurrence of human rights violations and maladministration in the transfer of KPK employees to ASN. Where JR's decision by the two judicial institutions is different from what is recommended by Human Right Commission and the Indonesian Ombudsman. Here it can be seen that there are differences in the application of the law with the positive law that applies and is detrimental to the rights of KPK employees.

scholarly journals The Constitutionality of State Authority Over Water Resources Management Based on Human Rights Principles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricko Anas Extrada ◽  
Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People

This study aims to analyze the dichotomy of the implementation of privatization of water resources by the private sector that occurs in Indonesia and the responsibility for managing water resources by the state in terms of human rights principles. In accordance with the mandate of the constitution which is affirmed in Article 33 paragraph (3) that "Earth and water and natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people." This research uses normative legal research methods, while the approach used in this study is a statutory approach and library research methods as well as a conceptual approach that will be harmonized with statutory provisions. The results of this study indicate that the state has the responsibility in managing water resources in accordance with the mandate of the constitution to guarantee, protect and fulfill human rights to water. Water management by the private sector (water privatization) which is monopolistic, exclusive and materialistic is not in accordance with the spirit of the constitution and the basis of the Indonesian state. Moreover, based on the decision of the Constitutional Court which annulled the Water Resources Law, it obliges that the management of water resources be carried out by the state in order to realize social welfare.

scholarly journals ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP LARANGAN PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT ADAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Ferry Irawan Febriansyah ◽  
Anwar Sanusi
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The People ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Times ◽  
Modern Era

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to discuss customary law in the Mirah and Golan areas precisely in Ponorogo district which has its own uniqueness, namely the existence of a marriage ban between the two regions. This ban by some people has become polemic as the times have begun to fade to recognize the existence of customary law. However, this customary rule is still recognized by both the Mirah and Golan communities. Therefore, legal analysis is needed, which is to compare traditional law with existing national law so that there is no gap between customary law and national law. This study has many differences with previous studies related to the prohibition of marriage. The prohibition of customary marriages in this study involved both the Mirah and Golan areas which became customary law that is believed up to now by indigenous peoples. This study uses empirical legal research that is studying and examining social phenomena in society related to marriage and then analyzed juridically. In the discussion it was stated that the customary law regarding the prohibition of marriage of the Mirah and Golan communities is a traditional tradition that has been traditionally implemented by the two regions to date. The development of an increasingly modern era becomes a polemic in addressing these problems. The data that was examined empirically was believed by the community as customary law, namely the Mirah and Golan communities were prohibited from conducting marriages. If this is violated, it will lead to negative sanctions in the form of mystical events that cannot be accepted by reason. The prohibition of marriage between the people in the two regions of Mirah and Golan has indeed taken place since their ancestors in the form of the words of Ki Hanggolono, which has become customary law adopted until now. The relevance of positive law to customary law is very close and complementary to each other, so that the legal position has the same recognition in indigenous communities as long as there is no legal gap.Keywords: custom; law; marriage   AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah membahas tentang hukum adat di wilayah Mirah dan Golan tepatnya di kabupaten Ponorogo yang memiliki keunikan tersendiri yaitu adanya larangan perkawinan antara kedua wilayah tersebut. Larangan ini oleh sebagian masyarakat menjadi polemik seiring perkembangan jaman yang sudah mulai pudar untuk mengakui keberadaan hukum adat. Akan tetapi, aturan adat ini tetap diakui oleh kedua masyarakat Mirah dan Golan. Oleh sebab itu, dibutuhkan analisis hukum yaitu membandingkan antara hukum adat dengan hukum nasional yang telah ada sehingga hukum adat dan hukum nasional tidak ada kesenjangan. Penelitian ini banyak memiliki perbedaan dengan penelitian terdahulu terkait larangan perkawinan. Larangan perkawinan adat dalam penelitian ini melibatkan kedua wilayah Mirah dan Golan yang menjadi hukum adat yang diyakini sampai sekarang oleh masyarakat adat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris yaitu mengkaji dan meneliti gejala sosial di dalam masyarakat terkait dengan perkawinan kemudian dianalisa secara yuridis. Pada pembahasan dikemukakan bahwa hukum adat tentang larangan perkawinan masyarakat Mirah dan Golan merupakan tradisi adat yang secara turun temurun dilaksanakan oleh kedua wilayah tersebut sampai saat ini. Perkembangan jaman yang semakin modern menjadi polemik dalam menyikapi permasalahan tersebut. Data yang dikaji secara empiris diyakini oleh masyarakat sebagai hukum adat yaitu masyarakat Mirah dan Golan dilarang melangsungkan perkawinan. Jika hal ini dilanggar, maka akan menimbulkan sanksi yang negatif berupa kejadian mistis yang tidak dapat diterima oleh akal. Larangan perkawinan antara masyarakat di kedua wilayah Mirah dan Golan memang sudah terjadi sejak nenek moyang mereka yang berupa Sabda Ki Hanggolono yang telah menjadi hukum adat yang diaptuhi hingga sekarang. Relevansi hukum positif dengan hukum adat sangat erat dan saling melengkapi satu sama lain, sehingga kedudukan hukum memiliki pengakuan yang sama di dalam masyarakat adat selama tidak terjadi kesenjangan hukum.Kata kunci: adat; hukum; perkawinan     

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