scholarly journals CO2 measurements from polar ice cores: more data from different sites

Tellus B ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Staffelbach ◽  
Bernhard Stauffer ◽  
Andreas Sigg ◽  
Hans Oeschger
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cores ◽  
Polar Ice

Global biosphere primary productivity over the last 800,000 years reconstructed from the triple-isotope composition of dioxygen trapped in polar ice cores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Woong Yang ◽  
Amaëlle Landais ◽  
Margaux Brandon ◽  
Thomas Blunier ◽  
Frédéric Prié ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Glacial Stage ◽  
Glacial Periods

<p>The primary production, or oxygenic photosynthesis of the global biosphere, is one of the main source and sink of atmospheric oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), respectively. There has been a growing number of evidence that global gross primary productivity (GPP) varies in response to climate change. It is therefore important to understand the climate- and/or environment controls of the global biosphere primary productivity for better predicting the future evolution of biosphere carbon uptake. The triple-isotope composition of O<sub>2</sub> (Δ<sup>17</sup>O of O<sub>2</sub>) trapped in polar ice cores allows us to trace the past changes of global biosphere primary productivity as far back as 800,000 years before present (800 ka). Previously available Δ<sup>17</sup>O of O<sub>2</sub> records over the last ca. 450 ka show relatively low and high global biosphere productivity over the last five glacial and interglacial intervals respectively, with a unique pattern over Termination V (TV) - Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 11, as biosphere productivity at the end of TV is ~ 20 % higher than the four younger ones (Blunier et al., 2012; Brandon et al., 2020). However, questions remain on (1) whether the concomitant changes of global biosphere productivity and CO<sub>2</sub> were the pervasive feature of glacial periods over the last 800 ka, and (2) whether the global biosphere productivity during the “lukewarm” interglacials before the Mid-Brunhes Event (MBE) were lower than those after the MBE.<br>Here, we present an extended composite record of Δ<sup>17</sup>O of O<sub>2</sub> covering the last 800 ka, based on new Δ<sup>17</sup>O of O<sub>2</sub> results from the EPICA Dome C and reconstruct the evolution of global biosphere productivity over that time interval using the independent box models of Landais et al. (2007) and Blunier et al. (2012). We find that the glacial productivity minima occurred nearly synchronously with the glacial CO<sub>2</sub> minima at mid-glacial stage; interestingly millennia before the sea level reaches their minima. Following the mid-glacial minima, we also show slight productivity increases at the full-glacial stages, before deglacial productivity rises. Comparison of reconstructed interglacial productivity demonstrates a slightly higher productivity over the post-MBE (MISs 1, 5, 7, 9, and 11) than pre-MBE ones (MISs 13, 15, 17, and 19). However, the mean difference between post- and pre-MBE interglacials largely depends on the box model used for productivity reconstruction.</p>

scholarly journals Correction Of Air-content Measurements In Polar Ice For The Effect Of Cut Bubbles At The Surface Of The Sample

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (124) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Martinerie ◽  
V.Ya. Lipenkov ◽  
D. Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Hydrostatic Method ◽  
Air Content ◽  
The Past ◽  
Statistical Noise

AbstractAir content (V) of polar ice has been used as an indicator of the past elevation of the ice sheets. A calculation is presented to correctVmeasurements performed on ice samples for the effect of cut bubbles at their surface. The results indicate a correction ranging from 1 to 10% for cubic ice samples with about 3 cm length. The correction depends mainly on the size of the bubbles. The theoretical calculation is experimentally verified. The statistical noise linked with the presence of a finite number of bubbles in the ice samples is evaluated. The influence of such a correction on theVprofiles measured on polar ice cores is discussed. The method in this paper can also be used for correction of ice-density data obtained by the hydrostatic method.

scholarly journals 10Be in Polar Ice and Atmospheres

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 138-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Raisbeck ◽  
F. Yiou
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Polar Atmospheres ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosols

We briefly review the application of cosmogenic 10Be measurements in ice and polar atmospheres to: (i) the dating of ice cores, (ii) the deduction of past accumulation rates, (iii) information on the influx of stratospheric aerosols in polar regions, and the mechanism of incorporation of aerosols into the ice. We find that at high latitudes (>74°), the 10Be deposition rate in the ice is more constant than the 10Be concentration.

scholarly journals An information-theoretic approach to extracting climate signals from deep polar ice cores

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 101105
Author(s):  
Joshua Garland ◽  
Tyler R. Jones ◽  
Michael Neuder ◽  
James W. C. White ◽  
Elizabeth Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cores ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Climate Signals ◽  
Information Theoretic Approach

scholarly journals Polar ice stratigraphy from laser-light scattering: scattering from meltwater

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (136) ◽  
pp. 504-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ram ◽  
Matthias Illing
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Laser Light Scattering ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
The Core ◽  
Considerable Success

Abstract We describe a new laser-light-scattering instrument for measuring variations in dust concentration along polar ice cores. We have used this instrument with considerable success on the GISP2 ice core from central Greenland. Reproducibility is excellent and the required ice-sample size is relatively small. When combined with visual stratigraphy and ECM, the distinct annual spring/ summer dust peaks we observe can be used to date the core with tree-ring-like precision.

scholarly journals Towards radiocarbon dating of ice cores

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (194) ◽  
pp. 985-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sigl ◽  
T.M. Jenk ◽  
T. Kellerhals ◽  
S. Szidat ◽  
H.W. Gäggeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Bolivian Andes ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Dating Method

AbstractA recently developed dating method for glacier ice, based on the analysis of radiocarbon in carbonaceous aerosol particles, is thoroughly investigated. We discuss the potential of this method to achieve a reliable dating using examples from a mid- and a low-latitude ice core. Two series of samples from Colle Gnifetti (4450 m a.s.l., Swiss Alps) and Nevado Illimani (6300 m a.s.l., Bolivian Andes) demonstrate that the 14C ages deduced from the water-insoluble organic carbon fraction represent the age of the ice. Sample sizes ranged between 7 and 100 μg carbon. For validation we compare our results with those from independent dating. This new method is thought to have major implications for dating non-polar ice cores in the future, as it provides complementary age information for time periods not accessible with common dating techniques.

Environmental records from polar ice cores

1990 ◽  
Vol 330 (1615) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Cosmogenic Isotope ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Part ◽  
Ice Core Records

Polar ice cores provide a wide range of information on past atmospheric climate (temperature, precipitation) and environment (gas and aerosol concentrations). The dating can be very accurate for the more recent part of the records but accuracy decreases with depth and time. Measurements of cosmogenic isotope concentrations (such as 10 Be) provide information on palaeo-precipitation rates and particular events can be used to correlate ice core records. Besides these climatic applications, 10 Be concentration records in ice cores also contain information on solar activity changes.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Ice: Validity of the Technique and the Problem of Cosmogenic In-Situ Production in Polar Ice Cores

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Wilson ◽  
D. J. Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
In Situ Production ◽  
Sublimation Technique

In the “sublimation technique,” carbon dioxide entrapped in ice is recovered by sublimation, converted to graphite and ratio of 14C/13C in the CO2 determined by AMS measurements. We describe here several experiments performed to check the validity of such measurements and to study the effect of cosmogenically produced in-situ14C on the measurements.

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