Faculty Opinions recommendation of Demographics, bystander CPR, and AED use in out-of-hospital pediatric arrests.

ObjectiveTo evaluate knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among Chinese college students and their attitude towards participating in CPR training and willingness to perform bystander CPR.DesignA cross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 1128 college students were selected through a multistage stratified random sampling method from 12 universities in Chongqing, China.Primary and secondary outcomesPrimary outcomes included CPR knowledge and willingness to participate in training and perform bystander CPR; secondary outcomes included CPR training experience and obstacles to training and performing CPR.ResultsThe average score on CPR knowledge was 2.078 (±1.342). Only 45.5% of the respondents were willing to participate in CPR training. Women, respondents who were postgraduate or above, with liberal arts as major and with high CPR knowledge level were more willing to participate in CPR training. A total of 47.2% of the respondents were willing to provide simple assistance, such as checking the consciousness and breathing of the patient and dialling 120 (medical emergency call). Only 34.1% indicated their willingness to perform bystander CPR on strangers. Perceived behavioural control, behavioural attitudes and subjective norms are positive predictors of willingness to provide bystander CPR.ConclusionsCPR knowledge and training rate were low among Chongqing college students. Willingness to participate in training and perform bystander CPR was also low. Improving legislation, strengthening training programmes, incorporating CPR training into the school curriculum and reshaping the social and public culture of offering timely help to those in need are recommended strategies to improve bystander CPR performance.

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Save a Life: Implementation and Evaluation of a Community-Focused CPR Education Program in Houston, Texas

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/2150132721998249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 215013272199824

Author(s):

Ebun O. Ebunlomo ◽

Laura Gerik ◽

Rene Ramon

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Education Program ◽

Heart Association ◽

The United States ◽

Outcome Evaluation ◽

Collaborative Education ◽

Kirkpatrick Model ◽

Bystander Cpr ◽

States Experience ◽

Cpr Training

Over 350 000 people in the United States experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) annually—and almost 90% die as a result. However, survival varies widely between counties, ranging from 3.4% to 22.0%—a disparity that the American Heart Association (AHA) largely attributes to variation in rates of bystander CPR. Studies show that regions with low rates of bystander CPR have low rates of CPR training, making CPR training initiatives a high-priority intervention to reduce OHCA mortality. In Houston, Texas, researchers have identified census tracts with higher OCHA incidence and lower rates of bystander CPR. We developed a free, annual Hands-Only CPR bilingual health education program central to these high-risk neighborhoods. In 5 years, this collaborative effort trained over 2700 individuals. In 2016, 2017, and 2018, we conducted a process evaluation to assess fidelity, dose delivered, and dose received. We also conducted an outcome evaluation using the Kirkpatrick Model for Training Evaluation to assess participants’ reactions and learning. Overall, the program yielded positive outcomes. Of the 261 respondents (from 314 attendees), 63% were first-time learners. The majority (87%) were satisfied with the event and 85% felt that information was presented clearly and concisely. Pre- and post-knowledge assessments showed a 51% increase in the proportion of respondents who could correctly identify the steps for Hands-Only CPR. This program exemplifies how collaborative education can impact a community’s health status. Leveraging each partner’s resources and linkages with the community can enhance the reach and sustainability of health education initiatives.

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Effect of chest-compression-only bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the likelihood of initial shockable rhythm after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a propensity matching analysis

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1829 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

A Funada ◽

Y Goto ◽

T Maeda ◽

H Okada ◽

M Takamura

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Chest Compression ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Shockable Rhythm ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Bystander Cpr

Abstract Background/Introduction Shockable rhythm after cardiac arrest is highly expected after early initiation of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) owing to increased coronary perfusion. However, the relationship between bystander CPR and initial shockable rhythm in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains unclear. We hypothesized that chest-compression-only CPR (CC-CPR) before emergency medical service (EMS) arrival has an equivalent effect on the likelihood of initial shockable rhythm to the standard CPR (chest compression plus rescue breathing [S-CPR]). Purpose We aimed to examine the rate of initial shockable rhythm and 1-month outcomes in patients who received bystander CPR after OHCA. Methods The study included 59,688 patients (age, ≥18 years) who received bystander CPR after an OHCA with a presumed cardiac origin witnessed by a layperson in a prospectively recorded Japanese nationwide Utstein-style database from 2013 to 2017. Patients who received public-access defibrillation before arrival of the EMS personnel were excluded. The patients were divided into CC-CPR (n=51,520) and S-CPR (n=8168) groups according to the type of bystander CPR received. The primary end point was initial shockable rhythm recorded by the EMS personnel just after arrival at the site. The secondary end point was the 1-month outcomes (survival and neurologically intact survival) after OHCA. In the statistical analyses, a Cox proportional hazards model was applied to reflect the different bystander CPR durations before/after propensity score (PS) matching. Results The crude rate of the initial shockable rhythm in the CC-CPR group (21.3%, 10,946/51,520) was significantly higher than that in the S-CPR group (17.6%, 1441/8168, p<0.0001) before PS matching. However, no significant difference in the rate of initial shockable rhythm was found between the 2 groups after PS matching (18.3% [1493/8168] vs 17.6% [1441/8168], p=0.30). In the Cox proportional hazards model, CC-CPR was more negatively associated with the initial shockable rhythm before PS matching (unadjusted hazards ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–0.99; p=0.012; adjusted HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89–0.94; p<0.0001) than S-CPR. After PS matching, however, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups (adjusted HR of CC-CPR compared with S-CPR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94–1.00; p=0.09). No significant differences were found between C-CPR and S-CPR in the 1-month outcomes after PS matching as follows, respectively: survival, 8.5% and 10.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.79–1.00; p=0.07; cerebral performance category 1 or 2, 5.5% and 6.9%; adjusted odds, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74–1.00; p=0.052. Conclusions Compared with S-CPR, the CC-CPR before EMS arrival had an equivalent multivariable-adjusted association with the likelihood of initial shockable rhythm in the patients with OHCA due to presumed cardiac causes that was witnessed by a layperson. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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