Faculty Opinions recommendation of Osteoarthritis, obesity and weight loss: evidence, hypotheses and horizons - a scoping review.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Finer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review

scholarly journals The Association between Chronotype and Dietary Pattern among Adults: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Hanani Mazri ◽  
Zahara Abdul Manaf ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional

Chronotype reflects an individual’s preferred time of the day for an activity/rest cycle and individuals can be classified as a morning, intermediate, or evening type. A growing number of studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. This review aimed to map current evidence of the association between chronotype and dietary intake among the adult population. A systematic search was conducted across five databases: EBSCO Host, Medline & Ovid, Pubmed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were adult subjects (more than 18 years old), and included an assessment of (i) chronotype, (ii) dietary behaviour/nutrient intake/food group intake, and (iii) an analysis of the association between chronotype and dietary behaviour/nutrient intake/food group intake. A total of 36 studies were included in the review. This review incorporated studies from various study designs, however, the majority of these studies were based on a cross-sectional design (n = 29). Dietary outcomes were categorized into three main groups, namely dietary behaviour, nutrient intake, and specific food group intake. This scoping review demonstrates that evening-type individuals are mostly engaged with unhealthy dietary habits related to obesity and were thus hampered in the case of weight loss interventions. Hence, this review has identified several dietary aspects that can be addressed in the development of a personalised chrono-nutrition weight loss intervention.

Multiple Health Behavior Change for Weight Loss: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-571
Author(s):  
Megan S. Maisano ◽  
Eleanor T. Shonkoff ◽  
Sara C. Folta
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Multiple Health Behavior Change ◽  
Multiple Health

Objectives: In this scoping review, we examine the current state of literature on weight-related Multiple Health Behavior Change (MHBC). Specifically, we investigate: (1) MHBC versus single health behavior change (SHBC) interventions and (2) simultaneous versus sequential MHBC approaches. Secondarily, we explore (3) attributes that predict success in MHBC, and (4) the utilization of theoretical frameworks. Methods: We retrieved studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar within the 2000 to 2018 range. Results: MHBC interventions proved superior for long-term weight loss when compared to SHBC approaches. However, the literature is limited. Studies investigating simultaneous and sequential MHBC approaches are also limited and have mixed results. Predictive characteristics of MHBC include behavior adherence, risk level, stage of change, self-efficacy, social support, environmental barriers, and treatment approaches. Whereas evidence evaluating theory in MHBC programs remains scant, there is promising research on constructs from the Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory. Conclusions: MHBC approaches may better support weight loss efforts. However, further research is needed to understand the effects of behavior change order and timing, predictive features of participants and interventions, and theoretical framework utilization in these weight-loss programs.

scholarly journals The potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing adult weight loss: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-59
Author(s):  
Han Shi Jocelyn CHEW ◽  
Wei How Darryl ANG ◽  
Ying LAU
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Machine Perception ◽  
Management Interventions

Abstract Objective: To present an overview of how artificial intelligence (AI) could be used to regulate eating and dietary behaviours, exercise behaviours and weight loss. Design: A scoping review of global literature published from inception to 15 December 2020 was conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step framework. Eight databases (CINAHL, Cochrane–Central, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were searched. Included studies were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers with good interrater reliability (k= 0.96). Results: 66 out of 5573 potential studies were included, representing more than 2,031 participants. Three tenets of self-regulation were identified - self-monitoring (n=66, 100%), optimization of goal-setting (n=10, 15.2%) and self-control (n= 10, 15.2%). Articles were also categorised into three AI applications namely machine perception (n=50), predictive analytics only (n=6), and real-time analytics with personalised micro-interventions (n=10). Machine perception focused on recognizing food items, eating behaviours, physical activities and estimating energy balance. Predictive analytics focused on predicting weight loss, intervention adherence, dietary lapses and emotional eating. Studies on the last theme focused on evaluating AI-assisted weight management interventions that instantaneously collected behavioural data, optimised prediction models for behavioural lapse events and enhance behavioural self-control through adaptive and personalized nudges/prompts. Only six studies reported average weight losses (2.4% to 4.7%) of which two were statistically significant. Conclusion: The use of AI for weight loss is still undeveloped. Based on this study findings, we proposed a framework on the applicability of AI for weight loss but cautioned its contingency upon engagement and contextualisation.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis, obesity and weight loss: evidence, hypotheses and horizons – a scoping review

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bliddal ◽  
A. R. Leeds ◽  
R. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy for Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Mapping Interventions Involving Occupational Therapists

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Svetlana Solgaard Nielsen ◽  
Jeanette Reffstrup Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Technological Support

Background. Worldwide obesity rates are increasing. The effectiveness of occupational therapy in overweight and obese adults has not yet been clarified. Objectives. The scoping review aimed at examining the evidence on interventions involving occupational therapists in the treatment of adults with overweight and obesity. Methods. Data on interventions involving occupational therapists and reporting on lifestyle-related outcomes in overweight and obese adults was extracted from the databases Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase, including hand and reference search. The scoping review methodology of Arksey and O’Malley was used. Conclusions were based on numerical and narrative analysis. Results. Thirteen articles reporting on eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Several studies showed significant weight loss. However, the studies possessed high heterogeneity and showed insufficient explication of the role and contribution of occupational therapy to the outcomes. Conclusions. The interventions with involvement of occupational therapists were suggested to help short-term weight loss. Occupational therapists contributed to the outcomes with a holistic approach, educating on the role of activity, providing technological support, and promoting enjoyment of being active. There is a need for further documentation of the effectiveness, role, and contributions of occupational therapy in the treatment of overweight and obese adults in all settings.

scholarly journals Weight Regain and Insufficient Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Prevalence, Mechanisms, Predictors, Prevention and Management Strategies, and Knowledge Gaps—a Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid El Ansari ◽  
Wahiba Elhag
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Insufficient Weight Loss ◽  
Preoperative Predictors

AbstractSome patients experience weight regain (WR) or insufficient weight loss (IWL) after bariatric surgery (BS). We undertook a scoping review of WR and IWL after BS. We searched electronic databases for studies addressing the definitions, prevalence, mechanisms, clinical significance, preoperative predictors, and preventive and treatment approaches including behavioral, pharmacological, and surgical management strategies of WR and IWL. Many definitions exist for WR, less so for IWL, resulting in inconsistencies in the reported prevalence of these two conditions. Mechanisms and preoperative predictors contributing to WR are complex and multifactorial. A range of the current knowledge gaps are identified and questions that need to be addressed are outlined. Therefore, there is an urgent need to address these knowledge gaps for a better evidence base that would guide patient counseling, selection, and lead to improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Weight loss-what's the most effective diet type?: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Diana Vaz ◽  
Anne Rumiato ◽  
Inês Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Type A ◽  
Diet Type
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