scholarly journals Avaliação da resistência de biótipo de Amaranthus Viridis ao Herbicida Glifosato / Evaluation of the resistance of biotype of caruru to Herbicide Glyphosate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 101461-101469
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodrigues Baldini ◽  
João Pedro Garcia Jardim ◽  
Lucas Castro Torres
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Glyphosate

TERATOGENIC EFFECT OF HERBICIDE GLIFONOX IN RATTUS NORVEGICUS, WISTAR STRAIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ortiz Ortega ◽  
Karla S. Martínez Elizalde ◽  
Tomás Ernesto Villamar-Duque
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

<p>Teratogenic effect of herbicide glyphosate-Roundup, sold under the name Glifotox on Wistar rats was evaluated. The biological material was treated intraperitoneally with glyphosate at concentrations of 100, 125, and 150 mg/kg from gestation day nine. Hysterectomy was performed on day 18 of gestation, and the uterine horns where the embryos were located, in addition to recording the percentage of malformed embryos by modifying the method of Wilson were observed. The liver was removed and quantified by spectrophotometry with transaminase activity showed higher concentrations malformation rate and higher enzyme activity was 125 mg/kg, below is the average of 100 mg/kg and higher concentrations such as 150 mg/kg a large number of resorptions was obtained. It is concluded that glyphosate is toxic affecting the liver and liver enzymes involved in the formation of amino acids also produce delay in embryonic development.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of Glyphosate-Based and Derived Products on Sea Urchin Larval Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Davide Asnicar ◽  
Costanza Cappelli ◽  
Ahmad Safuan Sallehuddin ◽  
Nur Atiqah Maznan ◽  
Maria Gabriella Marin
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Paracentrotus Lividus ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aminomethylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Main Degradation Product ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Despite the widespread use of herbicide glyphosate in cultivation, its extensive runoff into rivers and to coastal areas, and the persistence of this chemical and its main degradation product (aminomethylphosphonic acid, AMPA) in the environment, there is still little information on the potential negative effects of glyphosate, its commercial formulation Roundup® and AMPA on marine species. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a comparative evaluation of the effects of glyphosate-based and its derived chemicals on the larval development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, thus providing new data to describe the potential ecotoxicity of these contaminants. In particular, the effects on larval development, growth and metabolism were assessed during 48 h of exposure from the time of egg fertilization. The results confirm that AMPA and its parent compound, glyphosate have similar toxicity, as observed in other marine invertebrates. However, interestingly, the Roundup® formulation seemed to be less toxic than the glyphosate alone.

scholarly journals Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽  
Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽  
Thaís de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

Adsorption of the herbicide glyphosate on a metal-humic acid complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 123-124 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Piccolo ◽  
G. Celano ◽  
G. Pietramellara
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Photodegradation of the herbicide glyphosate in water

1986 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kåre Lund-HØie ◽  
Håkon O. Friestad
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Glyphosate

scholarly journals Electrochemical Detection of Small Volumes of Glyphosate with Mass-Produced Non-Modified Gold Chips

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
V. Mizers ◽  
V. Gerbreders ◽  
E. Sledevskis ◽  
I. Kokina ◽  
E. Tamanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Square Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Optimal Measurement ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Dna Mutations ◽  
Wave Voltammetry ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

AbstractMass-produced printed circuit board (PCB) electrodes were used as electrochemical cells to detect the widely-used herbicide glyphosate. Square wave voltammetry (SWV) was used to determine the presence of glyphosate in aqueous Cu(NO3)2 solution. Optimal measurement conditions for the detection of glyphosate with PCB electrodes were found. It was determined that glyphosate was able to soak into the growing plants from the substrate. Glyphosate-contaminated plant juice was distinguished from control samples using the PCB electrode. Glyphosate-contaminated plants were found to have DNA mutations.

scholarly journals Arthropod fauna associated with organic and conventional maize crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Mariana Araújo Ortega ◽  
Tássia Tuane Moreira Dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Marçal Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

The corn crop has a marked sensitivity to biotic and abiotic stresses. As a control method, basically, transgenic plants have been used in association with chemical control. However, frequent applications of insecticides affect the conservation of biodiversity, and consequently, the natural regulation of insect populations. Thus, the objective of the work was to compare the diversity of arthropodofauna associated with the cultivation of corn in organic and conventional systems. The experiments were carried out at Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, in Hidrolândia/GO, in two areas: one in a consolidated organic system and the other in a conventional system. The organic area (1 ha) was sown with the Creole variety Palha Roxa and no type of cultural treatment was carried out. The conventional area (10 ha) was sown with a transgenic hybrid resistant to the herbicide glyphosate 30F53VYHR and two chemical fertilizers were applied, for planting and cover, two applications of herbicides and an application of insecticide. To survey the arthropodofauna, in each area, two collections were made with six pitfall soil traps. The first collection was carried out in the vegetative stage and the second in the reproductive stage, approximately at 35 and 80 days after planting, respectively. The traps were kept in the field for a week. In addition, a collection with entomological net was carried out in 10 plants chosen at random. The collected insects were stored in plastic pots containing 70% alcohol and taken to the laboratory for quantification and identification. The data referring to the total of insects collected were submitted to the T test at 5% probability. In the two collected with pitfall traps, the largest number of arthropods was collected in the area of ​​organic cultivation, with greater diversity of orders and families in this area. In the collection performed with entomological network, there was no difference between the places of cultivation. Organic crops provide better conditions for establishment and development for insects, especially those that spend some life in the soil. Therefore, the diversity of arthropods is greater in this cultivation system.

scholarly journals Bioconcentration of glyphosate in wetland biofilms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Beecraft ◽  
Rebecca Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Wetland Water ◽  
Pesticides Exposure ◽  
Wetland Water Quality ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

AbstractWetland biofilms were exposed to the herbicide glyphosate via in situ field exposures and controlled microcosm experiments to measure bioconcentration and metabolism of glyphosate by biofilm organisms. Glyphosate concentrations in biofilms were orders of magnitude higher than the surrounding water, bioconcentration factors averaged 835 and 199 in field- and lab-exposed biofilms, respectively. Glyphosate in water where it had been detected in biofilms at field-exposed sites ranged from below detection (<0.001 ppm) up to 0.13 ppm. Glyphosate bioconcentration in biofilms was inversely proportional to levels in the surrounding water, and the retention kinetics were similar to both adsorption and enzymatic models. Microorganisms present in both the water and biofilms metabolized glyphosate to its primary breakdown product aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA), with increased rates of breakdown in and around the biofilms. Photosynthetic efficiency of the algae within the biofilms was not affected by 24 h glyphosate controlled exposures. Our results demonstrate the role of biofilms in improving wetland water quality by removing contaminants like glyphosate, but also as a potential exposure route to higher trophic levels via consumption. Due to bioconcentration of pesticides, exposure risk to organisms consuming or living in biofilms may be much higher than indicated by concentrations in ambient water samples.

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